铁假说和HNLC海区的现场铁加富实验

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2002.04.0613

地球科学进展 ›› 2002, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (4): 613 -616. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2002.04.0613

铁假说和HNLC海区的现场铁加富实验

张武昌,孙松

中国科学院海洋研究所，山东青岛 266071

收稿日期:2001-06-04 修回日期:2001-10-22 出版日期:2002-12-20
通讯作者: 张武昌（1973-），男，山东济南人，博士研究生，主要从事海洋生态学研究.E-mail: w.c.zhang@yeah.net E-mail:w.c.zhang@yeah.net
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目“南极辐合带—Dome A断面上的全球变化研究”（编号：KZCX2-303）；国家自然科学基金项目“渤海生物—物理相互作用的过程研究”（编号：49976032）”资助.

IRON HYPOTHESIS AND THE IN SITU IRON FERTILIZATION EXPERIMENTS IN THE HNLC REGIONS

ZHANG Wu-chang, SUN Song

Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

Received:2001-06-04 Revised:2001-10-22 Online:2002-12-20 Published:2002-08-01

20世纪90年代，JohnMart in提出的"铁假说（ironhypothesis）"和以此为中心的海洋铁加富实验（ironenrichments）成为海洋科学领域最受瞩目的事件。"铁假说"的主要内容是：铁限制了HNLC海区中浮游生物的生产力，并进而影响了CO₂由海洋上层向深层的输出；如果在HNLC海区加入铁，就可以促进浮游植物的生长，消耗掉过剩的 N、P营养盐，加速C从海洋表层向深层输出，最终降低大气中CO₂含量，缓解温室效应。在赤道太平洋和南大洋进行的现场加富实验证明，加入铁以后，这些海区的浮游植物生物量增加，N、P等营养盐被消耗。但是，这些实验并没有降低大气中CO₂含量。铁假说只被证实了一半。

关键词: 高营养盐低叶绿素（HNLC）海区, 铁, 铁假说, 太平洋, 南大洋, 温室效应

The iron hypothesis of John Martin and the in situ iron fertilization experiments in the HNLC regions were the most exciting events in the 1990s. Changes in iron supply to oceanic plankton are thought to have a significant effect on concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide by altering rates of carbon sequestration, a theory known as the “iron hypothesis”. For this reason, it is important to understand the response of pelagic biota and atmospheric carbon dioxide to increased iron supply. Three in situ iron enrichment experiments， IronEx1 and IronEx2 (in eastern equatorial Pacific), SOIREE (in Southern Ocean)， were carried out to test the contentious hypothesis. These experiments confirmed that the increased iron supply led to elevated phytoplankton biomass and rates of photosynthesis in surface waters. But downward export of biogenic carbon did not increased. Estimates of the CO₂ amount removed from the atmosphere by the iron-related phytoplankton bloom remained uncertain. The “iron hypothesis” is still a hypothesis.

Key words: High-Nutrient Low-chlorophyll(HNLC) region, Iron, Iron hypothesis, Pacific, Southern Ocean, Greenhouse effect.

中图分类号:

Q958

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