地球科学进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 573 -583. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.06.0573

所属专题: 沙尘天气追因、影响及治理

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

中国铁路风沙防治的研究进展
张克存 1( ),屈建军 1,鱼燕萍 1, 2,韩庆杰 1,王涛 1,安志山 1,胡菲 1, 2   
  1. 1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站,甘肃 兰州730000
    2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-28 修回日期:2019-05-25 出版日期:2019-06-10
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“垭口、山前丘陵地段风动力环境与敦格铁路沙害形成机理研究”(41871016)

Progress of Research on Wind-blown Sand Prevention and Control of Railways in China

Kecun Zhang 1( ),Jianjun Qu 1,Yanping Yu 1, 2,Qingjie Han 1,Tao Wang 1,Zhishan An 1,Fei Hu 1, 2   

  1. 1. Dunhuang Gobi and Desert Ecological and Environmental Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2019-04-28 Revised:2019-05-25 Online:2019-06-10 Published:2019-07-05
  • About author:Zhang Kecun(1978-), male, Minqin County, Gansu Province, Professor. Research areas include aeolian disaster and aeolian engineering. E-mail: kecunzh@lzb.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Foundation item: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China "Study on wind-dynamic environment of pass and piedmont hilly areas and formation mechanism of sand damage in Dunghuang-Geermu railway"(No. 41871016)

基于中国沙区铁路的发展历程,系统分析了铁路沙害类型、特点以及风沙防治方案、措施和技术体系。针对我国沙区地域特征和铁路沙害类型,作为个例分类剖析了途径流沙地表、高寒环境与戈壁大风区铁路风沙危害与防治技术取得的成效和面临的问题。结合目前我国沙区铁路的发展趋势,从理论研究和工程防沙实践出发,提出复杂地形、特殊环境铁路沙害是今后风沙工程学领域的重点和理论研究趋势,也是沙区铁路沙害防治的关键和难点。

Based on the development of railways in desert areas of China, the types, characteristics, schemes, measures and technical systems of wind-sand disaster prevention and control were systematically analyzed in this paper. In view of the regional characteristics of sandy areas and the genres of railway sand damage in China, the results achieved and problems faced of wind-sand hazard and prevention technology in quicksand surface, plateau cold region and Gobi gale area were discussed as a case study. Combined with the expanding trend of railways in desert zone in China at present, starting from the theoretical research and the practice of sand control in engineering, it was proposed that the railway sand harm of complicated terrain and special environment is the key research direction in the field of wind-sand engineering in the future, which is also the crucial and difficult point in the protection and control of railway sand hazard in sandy zones.

中图分类号: 

图1 穿越沙漠戈壁地区铁路分布图
Fig.1 Railway distribution map through the desert Gobi area
图2 包兰铁路沙坡头段“四带一体”风沙防护体系示意图
Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the “four-belts-one” wind and sand protection system in Shapotou section of Baolan Railway
图3 高寒环境风沙运动的特殊性
Fig.3 Particularity of sand movement in plateau cold region
图4 戈壁大风区风沙运动的特殊性
Fig.4 Particularity of sand movement in Gobi gale area
图5 兰新高铁试验示范段防沙工程体系平面设计图[ 41 ]
Fig.5 Design plan of the blown-sand disaster in the experimental area [ 41 ]
图6 季节性河谷型铁路沙害防治示意图
Fig. 6 Schematic diagram of railway sand disaster control in seasonal valley-type
图7 湖盆型铁路沙害防治示意图
Fig. 7 Schematic diagram of railway sand disaster control in lake-type
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