大气成因放射性宇生核素 
  <strong><sup>10</sup>Be</strong>指示土壤演化：机理与进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2024.046

地球科学进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 565 -575. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2024.046

大气成因放射性宇生核素 ¹⁰Be指示土壤演化：机理与进展

刘彧 ¹ ^, ²(

), 刘金涛 ³, 刘承帅 ¹, 罗维均 ¹ ^, ², 程安云 ¹ ^, ², 王世杰 ¹ ^, ²

^1.中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵州贵阳 550081
^2.中国科学院普定喀斯特生态系统观测研究站, 贵州普定 562100
^3.河海大学水灾害防御全国重点实验室, 江苏南京 210098

收稿日期:2024-03-18 修回日期:2024-05-15 出版日期:2024-06-10
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42330712);环境地球化学国家重点实验室自主部署项目(SKLEG2024104);中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划资助

Meteoric Cosmogenic Radionuclide ¹⁰Be Trace the Soil Evolution: Mechanism and Progress

Yu LIU ¹ ^, ²( ), Jintao LIU ³, Chengshuai LIU ¹, Weijun LUO ¹ ^, ², Anyun CHENG ¹ ^, ², Shijie WANG ¹ ^, ²

^1.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistrys Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
^2.Puding Karst Ecosystem Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding Guizhou 562100, China
^3.The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

Received:2024-03-18 Revised:2024-05-15 Online:2024-06-10 Published:2024-07-15
About author:LIU Yu, Associate professor, research areas include cosmogenic nuclide geochronology and landscape evolution. E-mail: liuyu@mail.gyig.ac.cn
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42330712);Autonomous Strategy Project of the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry(SKLEG2024104);Chinese Academy of Sciences “Light of West China” Program

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在全球变化背景下，我国土壤面临严重的污染、侵蚀和退化问题，正在威胁生态系统稳定性和粮食安全性。如何量化土壤的形成演化（时间和速率等）是地球科学领域的重要科学问题。大气成因放射性宇生核素¹⁰Be（以下简称大气¹⁰Be）是天然示踪剂，其在土壤中的含量受成土时间、地表侵蚀和化学风化等土壤演化过程综合控制，是定量示踪千万年来土壤形成演化过程的有效手段，具有广阔的应用前景。首先系统梳理了¹⁰Be在地球大气层的生成、传输、沉降以及在土壤中累积和迁移过程的最新研究进展，指出大气¹⁰Be长期沉降速率及其在风化带中迁移性的精确估算，是该研究领域亟待解决的重要难题；其次评述了大气¹⁰Be用于估算成土时间、成土速率、指示土壤侵蚀及在坡地运移等方面的方法，提出深入调查区域地质和环境过程并对模型参数和结果进行合理约束，是应用大气¹⁰Be技术的关键前提。我国加速器质谱分析技术和能力的快速发展，将有力推动大气¹⁰Be技术在土壤演化定量研究中的广泛应用，帮助解决环境生态系统演变预测及耕地土壤保育等难题。

关键词: 大气¹⁰Be, 土壤, 成土时间, 成土速率, 侵蚀速率

Soil is currently facing serious pollution, erosion, and degradation owing to global change, threatening the ecosystem stability and food security of China. Quantifying soil formation and evolution (time, rate, etc.) is a critical scientific issue in Earth sciences. Meteoric radioactive isotope ¹⁰Be (hereinafter referred to as meteoric ¹⁰Be) serves as a natural tracer, and its inventory in soil is controlled by soil age, surface erosion, and chemical weathering processes. Therefore, meteoric ¹⁰Be is an effective tool for quantitatively tracing soil formation and evolution over ten million years and has broad application prospects. First, this study summarizes and reviews the latest progress in the production, delivery, and deposition of meteoric ¹⁰Be in the Earth atmosphere, as well as its accumulation and migration in the soil profile. Reasonable estimation of the long-term deposition rate of meteoric ¹⁰Be and its migration to weathering zones are important challenges that urgently require resolution. Second, this study introduces the main methods used by meteoric ¹⁰Be to estimate the soil formation (residence) age and formation rate, indicating soil erosion and transportation on hill slopes. The key premise for applying meteoric ¹⁰Be technology is an understanding of the geological and environmental processes in the study area and a rational assessment of the calculation model. With the rapid development of accelerator mass spectrometry analysis capabilities in China, the widespread application of meteoric ¹⁰Be technology in quantitative research on soil evolution has helped solve problems such as predicting environmental ecosystem evolution and soil conservation on arable land.

Key words: Meteoric ¹⁰Be, Soil, Soil residence age, Soil formation rate, Erosion rate

中图分类号:

P597+.3

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Meteoric Cosmogenic Radionuclide 10Be Trace the Soil Evolution: Mechanism and Progress

Meteoric Cosmogenic Radionuclide ¹⁰Be Trace the Soil Evolution: Mechanism and Progress