地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 568 -577. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2018.06.0568

所属专题： “沙尘天气追因、影响及治理”虚拟专刊；

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

沙尘天气对大气生物气溶胶中微生物浓度、特性和分布的影响
祁建华 1( ), 李孟哲 1, 高冬梅 1, 甄毓 1, 张大海 2   
  1. 1.中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东 青岛 266100
    2.中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东 青岛 266100
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-29 修回日期:2018-04-11 出版日期:2018-06-20
  • 基金资助:
    *国家自然科学基金项目“沙尘天气对近海大气中生物气溶胶粒径分布和微生物活性及群落结构的影响”(编号:41375143);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(编号:NCET-13-0531)资助.

Impact of Dust Events on the Concentration, Property and Distribution of Atmospheric Bioaerosols

Jianhua Qi 1( ), Mengzhe Li 1, Dongmei Gao 1, Yu Zhen 1, Dahai Zhang 2   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
    2 .College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
  • Received:2018-01-29 Revised:2018-04-11 Online:2018-06-20 Published:2018-07-23
  • About author:

    First author: Qi Jianhua(1973-),female,Lanzhou City, Gansu Province,Professor. Research areas include atmospheric environment.E-mail:qjianhua@ouc.edu.cn

  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China “The impact of dust weather on the characteristics of the size distribution, microbial activity and community of bioaerosols in the coastal region (No. 41375143);The Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No.NCET-13-0531).
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生物气溶胶对全球气候、空气质量、大气过程和人体健康均具有重要影响。每年爆发的沙尘事件,使得生物气溶胶可借助沙尘进行长距离输运,从而影响到下风向地区生物气溶胶的浓度和性质。综述了沙尘天气下生物气溶胶中微生物的浓度、特性和分布特征的研究现状。已有研究显示,沙尘发生时,生物气溶胶中不同类别微生物的组成比例会有显著变化,细菌和真菌相对贡献随之改变。可培养细菌、真菌和总微生物浓度,均在沙尘天气下显著增加,但不同地区不同种类微生物在沙尘天气下的增加幅度相差很大。生物气溶胶中微生物主要分布于粗粒子中,其粒径分布受到沙尘天气的较大影响,而且不同种类微生物粒径分布的变化并不相同。沙尘发生时,生物气溶胶中的微生物群落结构与优势微生物也会发生明显改变。沙尘天气对生物气溶胶浓度、粒径分布、群落结构和活性的影响程度和影响机制,还需要进一步深入研究。

关键词: 沙尘, 生物气溶胶, 微生物, 粒径分布, 群落结构

Atmospheric bioaerosols have great impact on the global climate, air quality, atmospheric process and human health. The dust events have a role in transporting bioaerosols and affecteing the concentration and property of bioaerosols in the downwind area by facilitating long-distance dispersal events every year. This paper reviewed the study progress on the concentration, characteristics and distribution of bioaerosols in dust weather. The references showed that the ratio of different kind of bioaerosols changed in dust weather with the changing of contribution of bacteria and fungi. The concentration of cultural bacteria, fungi and the total microbes increased on dust days. However, the increase ratio was different for different microbes in different areas. Microbes in bioaerosols mainly distributed in coarse particles; the size distribution of bioaerosols was affected greatly by dust events with different variation for different kinds of bioaerosols. The microbial community and predominant species of microorganism in bioaerosols changed in dust weather. The impact and mechanism of dust on the concentration, size distribution, microbial community and activity of bioaerosols need to be studied further.

Key words: Dust, Bioaerosols, Microbes, Size distribution, Microbial community

中图分类号: 

图1 全球沙尘期间生物气溶胶的浓度水平(数据来源于参考文献[33,46~48,50~52,54~57])
a.采样位置为34.999°N, 122.177°E;b.采样位置为33.229°N,125.216°E
Fig.1 Concentration levels of bioaerosols during global dust period (adapted from references[33,46~48,50~52,54~57])
a.Sampling located at 34.999°N,122.177°E;b.Sampling located at 33.229°N,125.216°E
图1 全球沙尘期间生物气溶胶的浓度水平(数据来源于参考文献[33,46~48,50~52,54~57])
a.采样位置为34.999°N, 122.177°E;b.采样位置为33.229°N,125.216°E
Fig.1 Concentration levels of bioaerosols during global dust period (adapted from references[33,46~48,50~52,54~57])
a.Sampling located at 34.999°N,122.177°E;b.Sampling located at 33.229°N,125.216°E
表1 大气生物气溶胶中细菌、真菌和总微生物的中值粒径
Table 1 The median particle size of bacteria, fungi and total microbes in atmospheric bioaerosols
研究地区 中值粒径/μm 参考
文献
可培养细菌 可培养真菌 总微生物
青岛 陆源:5.22
海源:5.71		 陆源:2.61
海源:2.71		 [62]
青岛 2.37 [57]
杭州 3.4~3.8 2.9~3.0 [63]
北京 4.59~5.13 3.73~4.33 [64]
北京西单 5.6
北京丰台 6.6 3.9 [65]
天津塘沽 5.5
中国台湾 2.76 2.02 [66]
中国台湾 1.51~1.81 [67]
中国台北 2.3~3.1 [68]
美国华盛顿 3.2~4.8 [58]
美国俄勒冈州 3.93 [69]
英国 3~4.48 2.08~4.22 [70]
新加坡 2.4 2.46 [71]
瑞典 2 m高:2.58~3.75
10 m高: 2.46~3.73		 [72]
地中海 2.11 2 [73]
上海至北冰洋航线 1.89~2.37 [74]
表1 大气生物气溶胶中细菌、真菌和总微生物的中值粒径
Table 1 The median particle size of bacteria, fungi and total microbes in atmospheric bioaerosols
研究地区 中值粒径/μm 参考
文献
可培养细菌 可培养真菌 总微生物
青岛 陆源:5.22
海源:5.71		 陆源:2.61
海源:2.71		 [62]
青岛 2.37 [57]
杭州 3.4~3.8 2.9~3.0 [63]
北京 4.59~5.13 3.73~4.33 [64]
北京西单 5.6
北京丰台 6.6 3.9 [65]
天津塘沽 5.5
中国台湾 2.76 2.02 [66]
中国台湾 1.51~1.81 [67]
中国台北 2.3~3.1 [68]
美国华盛顿 3.2~4.8 [58]
美国俄勒冈州 3.93 [69]
英国 3~4.48 2.08~4.22 [70]
新加坡 2.4 2.46 [71]
瑞典 2 m高:2.58~3.75
10 m高: 2.46~3.73		 [72]
地中海 2.11 2 [73]
上海至北冰洋航线 1.89~2.37 [74]
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