海洋微生物气溶胶的丰度、群落结构及影响机制

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2018.08.0783

地球科学进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 783 -793. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2018.08.0783

王芳慧(

), 陈莹 ^*(

), 王波, 李好文, 周升钱

复旦大学环境科学与工程系,上海 200438

收稿日期:2018-04-02 修回日期:2018-06-06 出版日期:2018-08-10
通讯作者: 陈莹 E-mail:16210740014@fudan.edu.cn;yingchen@fudan.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目“海洋生源活性气体在大气中的迁移转化及气候效应”(编号:2016YFA0601304);国家自然科学基金项目“东海微生物气溶胶的丰度和群落结构变化及影响机制”(编号:41775145)资助.

Abundance and Community Structure of Airborne Microorganisms over the Ocean and Their Influencing Mechanisms

Fanghui Wang( ), Ying Chen ^*( ), Bo Wang, Haowen Li, Shengqian Zhou

Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China

Received:2018-04-02 Revised:2018-06-06 Online:2018-08-10 Published:2018-09-14
Contact: Ying Chen E-mail:16210740014@fudan.edu.cn;yingchen@fudan.edu.cn
About author:
First author: Wang Fanghui(1991-), female, Puyang City, He'nan Province, Ph. D student. Research areas include airborne microorganisms. E-mail: 16210740014@fudan.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China “Transport and transformation of marine biogenic reactive gas in the atmosphere and their climate effects” (No.2016YFA0601304);The National Natural Science Foundation of China “Variation of abundance and community structure of airborne microorganisms and affecting mechanism over the East China Sea” (No.41775145).

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微生物气溶胶在微生物传播和生态系统多样性维护上发挥着核心作用,并且可成为有效的冰核(IN)和云凝结核(CCN)对气候产生显著影响。海洋是大气中微生物的重要源和汇,然而,关于海洋微生物气溶胶丰度和多样性分布的信息知之甚少。系统梳理了已研究报道的海洋微生物气溶胶的丰度、粒径分布和群落结构,以及影响其分布的各种环境和气象因素;列出了微生物气溶胶的常用测定方法及发展态势;最后指出该研究领域亟待解决的问题和未来方向,包括建立标准的海洋微生物气溶胶采集和处理技术,增加开阔大洋的航次观测资料,采用先进的分子生物学技术与传统分析手段结合等。为后续海洋微生物气溶胶的深入研究,揭示其来源、活性、气候和生态效应提供了全面重要的信息。

关键词: 微生物气溶胶, 海洋气溶胶, 群落结构, 丰度, 影响因素

Airborne microorganisms play an essential role in the microbial propagation and maintenance of the ecosystem diversity, and also significantly affect the climate by acting as effective Ice Nucleus (IN) and Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN). The ocean is a vital source and destination for airborne microbes. Nevertheless, little information has been obtained on the distribution of abundance and diversity of airborne microorganisms over the ocean. This paper systematically reviewed the abundance, size distribution, and community structure of airborne microorganisms over the ocean, as well as various environmental and meteorological factors that control the distribution of microbes in marine aerosols. The commonly used methods for detecting airborne microorganisms and their development prospects were also discussed. We pointed out that sampling and detection of extremely low concentration microorganisms in marine aerosols are key problems to be solved in this field, and future research directions include the increase of the cruising observation in open oceans and combination of advanced molecular techniques and other traditional methods. This paper provides extensive and crucial information for subsequently in-depth research on airborne microorganisms over the ocean, revealing their sources, activities, climate and ecological effects.

Key words: Airborne microorganism, Marine aerosol, Community structure, Abundance, Influencing factors.

中图分类号:

P735

图1 全球海洋上空细菌气溶胶在门分类水平上的群落结构分布

Fig.1 Distribution of community structure of airborne bacteria at the phylum level over global oceans

图1 全球海洋上空细菌气溶胶在门分类水平上的群落结构分布

Fig.1 Distribution of community structure of airborne bacteria at the phylum level over global oceans

图2 全球海洋上空细菌气溶胶在纲分类水平上的群落结构分布

Fig.2 Distribution of community structure of airborne bacteria at the class level over global oceans

图2 全球海洋上空细菌气溶胶在纲分类水平上的群落结构分布

Fig.2 Distribution of community structure of airborne bacteria at the class level over global oceans

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