地球科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (7): 706 -714. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.07.0706

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

前陆盆地陆源沉积序列的特征与成因机制
吕红华, 周祖翼   
  1. 同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室, 上海 200092
  • 收稿日期:2009-10-10 修回日期:2010-04-08 出版日期:2010-07-10
  • 通讯作者: 吕红华 E-mail:lvhh2008@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    中国博士后科学基金项目“天山北麓活动褶皱的变形时间、速率与模式”(编号: 20090450727); 国家自然科学基金项目“西太平洋暖池与东亚古环境:沉积记录的海陆对比”(编号: 40621063)资助.

Characteristics and Genesis of Terrigenous Depositional Sequences in Foreland Basins

Lv Honghua, Zhou Zuyi   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Received:2009-10-10 Revised:2010-04-08 Online:2010-07-10 Published:2010-07-10
  • Contact: Lv Honghua E-mail:lvhh2008@163.com

前陆盆地接受的来自毗邻造山带的陆源碎屑沉积是盆山耦合关系研究的主要对象之一。这套沉积通常具有以下3个方面的特征:①在地层剖面中,前陆盆地陆源沉积序列呈向上变粗的趋势,其成因有多种可能,包括源区构造隆升、侵蚀卸载导致的盆地基底均衡回弹、气候变化、岩性变化等;②构造抬升导致的粗粒相沉积事件与构造事件之间存在时滞,其大小取决于源区基岩剥露速率、侵蚀与搬运条件、沉积区距造山带构造变形前缘之间的距离等因素;③粗粒相沉积在前陆盆地内的分布具有穿时性。重视这些方面的研究,有助于得出有关前陆盆地及毗邻造山带演化的合理结论。

Foreland basins, commonly defined as sedimentary basins lying between the front of the mountain chain and the adjacent craton, represent a well-established model related to tectonics and sedimentation. Many foreland basins are characterized by coarseningupward terrigenous depositional sequences, within which the occurrence of conglomeratic deposits are commonly considered as indicating tectonic uplift of the source area. The conglomeratic deposition, however, could derive from several totally different scenarios such as hinterland tectonic uplift, isostatic rebound of basement because of erosional unloading, climate change affecting erosion rate, or changes in the lithologic resistance of the source area and so on. As for the tectonic uplift experienced in the source area, its onset timing can not be referred simply from the stratigraphic age of conglomeratic deposits due to the presence of time lag between the tectonic event experienced in the hinterland and the occurrence of conglomeratic deposits in the foreland depositional area. Consequently, the distribution of conglomeratic deposits in the whole basin is time-transgressive, that is, the basal ages of the conglomerate deposits from different locations in a foreland basin may be asynchronous. Given these above possibilities, it is suggested that all the available geological evidences are required to be integrated in the studies of terrigenous depositional successions of foreland basins in order to obtain a better understanding of their relationship between the evolution of the foreland basin and the adjacent orogenic belt.

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