地球科学进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 283 -300. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2026.015

研究论文 上一篇    下一篇

全球岩石化学风化离子通量19802100年时空变化的高分辨率评估
蒋羽(), 赵翠薇()   
  1. 贵州师范大学 地理与环境科学学院,贵州 贵阳 550025
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-10 修回日期:2026-02-02 出版日期:2026-03-10
  • 通讯作者: 赵翠薇 E-mail:jy2415620514@126.com;zhaocuiwei@sohu.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大研究计划专题(41471032);贵州省教育厅课程体系改革课题(2021051)

High-Resolution Assessment of Spatiotemporal Variations in Global Ionic Fluxes from Rock Chemical Weathering During 1980-2100

Yu Jiang(), Cuiwei Zhao()   

  1. School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
  • Received:2025-11-10 Revised:2026-02-02 Online:2026-03-10 Published:2026-05-06
  • Contact: Cuiwei Zhao E-mail:jy2415620514@126.com;zhaocuiwei@sohu.com
  • About author:Jiang Yu, research area includes weathered ecology. E-mail: jy2415620514@126.com
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41471032);Curriculum System Reform Project of the Department of Education of Guizhou Province(2021051)

河流化学风化是全球地球化学循环的关键环节,其动态变化对于深入理解和评估气候变化影响至关重要。结合Lechuga-Crespo模型与随机森林算法,并利用第六次国际耦合模式比较计划未来不同气候情景的数据集,对1980—2100年全球岩石化学风化离子通量[Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、Alkalinity(HCO3-和CO32-)、SO42-和Cl-]的长期动态变化及其地理特征进行了系统评估。结果显示,全球岩石化学风化离子通量在不同气候情景下变化显著,尤其在高排放情景(SSP5-8.5)下,预计全球岩石化学风化离子通量总量将大幅增加,至2100年其平均增幅可达35%,届时全球总量将达到6.6×109 Mg/a。东南亚、南亚次大陆和撒哈拉以南的非洲地区是未来化学风化作用的高值核心区域。降水被确定为影响岩石化学风化离子通量变化的最显著因子(显著增加的面积占比为99%;贡献率为32%~33%)。不同岩性对气候变化的响应差异主要受矿物组成和结构特性的制约,其中碳酸盐沉积岩和硅质碎屑沉积岩在全球变暖背景下均表现出加速风化的趋势。引入长期动态模拟和未来情景预测,并结合多种气候驱动因子,为岩石化学风化离子通量的未来变化提供了更为系统和全面的评估。这种多维度分析为岩石化学风化在全球碳循环和环境响应中的作用提供了扎实的科学依据。

Riverine chemical weathering is a vital part of the global biogeochemical cycle, and its fluctuations are key to fully understanding and evaluat the effects of climate change on the Earth system. However, large uncertainties still remain regarding the long-term evolution of chemical weathering and its spatial responses under future climate scenarios. In this study, the Lechuga-Crespo model was integrated with the Random Forest algorithm, and future climate scenario datasets from CMIP6 were employed to systematically assess the long-term dynamic variations and geographical characteristics of global Ionic fluxes from rock Chemical Weathering (ICWR), including Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, Alkalinity (HCO3-, CO32-), SO42- and Cl-, during the period from 1980 to 2100. The results reveal that global ICWR exhibits significant variations under different climate scenarios. In particular, under the high-emission scenario (SSP5-8.5), the global total ICWR is projected to increase substantially. By the end of the 21st century, the global total ionic flux is expected to rise by approximately 35% compared with the historical baseline, reaching about 6.6×109 Mg/a in 2100. From a spatial perspective, Southeast Asia, the South Asian subcontinent, and sub-Saharan Africa are identified as the core high-value regions of future chemical weathering intensity, indicating strong regional heterogeneity in the response of weathering processes to climate change. Among the climatic drivers, precipitation is determined to be the most influential factor controlling ICWR variability, accounting for approximately 32%~33% of the overall contribution, with nearly 99% of the global land area exhibiting a significant increasing trend associated with precipitation changes. Further investigation into weathering mechanisms shows that the differential responses of various lithologies to climate change are primarily governed by their mineral composition and structural properties. Both carbonate rocks and silicate clastic rocks exhibit accelerated weathering trends under the context of global warming, highlighting the important role of lithological characteristics in regulating chemical weathering intensity.By introducing long-term dynamic simulations and future scenario projections and integrating multiple climatic drivers, this study provides a more systematic and comprehensive assessment of future ICWR changes. The multidimensional analytical framework established here offers a robust scientific basis for understanding the role of rock chemical weathering in the global carbon cycle and its environmental responses to ongoing climate change.

中图分类号: 

图1 样点位置和原始GLORICH数据库的样点位置
Fig. 1 Selected sampling locations and original GLORICH database information
表1 19802010年采样点的水化学数据信息
Table 1 Water chemistry data of sampling sites from 1980 to 2010
表2 随机森林模型在10折交叉验证下的预测精度评估结果
Table 2 Performance of the random forest models evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation
表3 19802010年岩石化学风化离子通量(ICWR)的校正系数表
Table 3 Correction coefficients for Ionic fluxes derived from Chemical Weathering of RocksICWRduring 1980-2010
表4 全球岩石化学风化离子通量(ICWR)总量不确定性传播估算
Table 4 Uncertainty propagation estimation of the global total Ionic fluxes derived from Chemical Weathering of RocksICWR
表5 19802100年岩石化学风化离子的总量估算 (×109 Mg/a)
Table 5 Estimation of total ionic fluxes from rock chemical weathering during 1980-2100
图2 不同岩性在历史期及未来SSP1-2.6SSP5-8.5情景产生的主要离子通量
岩性类型包括EV(蒸发岩)、MT(变质岩)、SC(碳酸盐沉积岩)、SS(硅质碎屑沉积岩)、SM(混合沉积岩)、VA(酸性火山岩)和VB(基性火山岩)。
Fig. 2 Major ionic fluxes produced by different lithologies during the historical period and under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios
The lithological types include EV (Evaporites), MT (Metamorphic rocks), SC (Carbonate Sedimentary rocks), SS (Siliciclastic Sedimentary rocks), SM (Mixed Sedimentary rocks), VA (Acidic Volcanic rocks), and VB (Basic Volcanic rocks).
图3 岩石化学风化离子通量(ICWR)在历史期(19802010年)和未来期(20102100年)下的时间变化趋势
Fig. 3 Temporal trends of Ionic fluxes derived from Chemical Weathering of RocksICWRduring the historical period1980-2010and the future period2010-2100
图4 19802010年岩石化学风化离子通量的空间演变趋势
Fig. 4 Spatial evolution of Ionic fluxes derived from Chemical Weathering of RocksICWRfrom 1980 to 2010
图5 19802100年岩石化学风化离子通量的空间演变趋势(SSP1-2.6情景)
Fig. 5 Spatial evolution of Ionic fluxes derived from Chemical Weathering of RocksICWRfrom 1980 to 2100 under the SSP1-2.6 scenario
图6 19802100年岩石化学风化离子通量的空间演变趋势(SSP5-8.5情景)
Fig. 6 Spatial evolution of Ionic fluxes derived from Chemical Weathering of RocksICWRfrom 1980 to 2100 under the SSP5-8.5 scenario
图7 岩石化学风化离子通量与实际蒸散发之间偏相关系数的空间分布
仅显示通过显著性检验(P≤0.05)的区域;AET为实际蒸散发。
Fig. 7 Spatial distribution of the partial correlation coefficients between Ionic fluxes derived from Chemical Weathering of RocksICWRand actual evapotranspiration
Only statistically significant regions (P≤0.05) are displayed; AET: Actual Evapotranspiration.
图8 岩石化学风化离子通量与降水之间偏相关系数的空间分布
仅显示通过显著性检验(P≤0.05)的区域;PPT为降水。
Fig. 8 Spatial distribution of the partial correlation coefficients between Ionic fluxes derived from Chemical Weathering of RocksICWRand precipitation
Only statistically significant regions (P≤0.05) are displayed; PPT: Precipitation.
图9 岩石化学风化离子通量与温度平均值之间偏相关系数的空间分布
仅显示通过显著性检验(P≤0.05)的区域;TAV为温度平均值。
Fig. 9 Spatial distribution of the partial correlation coefficients between Ionic fluxes derived from Chemical Weathering of RocksICWRand temperature average value
Only statistically significant regions (P≤0.05) are displayed; TAV: Temperature Average Value.
图10 气候变化因子对岩石化学风化离子通量的相对贡献率
Fig. 10 Relative contributions of climate changes to Ionic fluxes derived from Chemical Weathering of RocksICWR
表6 本文与其他研究的岩石化学风化离子通量计算结果的比较 (×109 Mg/a)
Table 6 Comparison of the Ionic fluxes derived from Chemical Weathering of RocksICWRcalculations in this study with those of other studies
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