准确评估沙地植被净初级生产力的时空动态，并量化气候变化和人类活动对其的影响机 制，对于揭示环境变迁对沙地生态系统碳库的作用机制及制定碳汇提升策略具有重要意义。以 MOD17A3HGF 产品为基础，综合运用趋势分析、稳定性分析、偏相关分析和偏导数等方法，系统 探讨了2001—2023 年科尔沁地区植被净初级生产力时空动态特征及其驱动机制。结果表明：① 2001—2023 年，科尔沁地区植被净初级生产力空间分布总体呈“西北和东南高、中间低”的格局，以 4.78 g C/（m2⋅a）的速率极显著上升，极显著恢复区占比高达89.3%，72.6% 的区域保持稳定状态。固 定沙地植被净初级生产力恢复速率强于流动沙地。②科尔沁地区气候条件总体呈“暖湿化”趋势， 沙漠化地区气候条件变化幅度普遍大于非沙漠化地区。③植被净初级生产力与年降水量和年均 气温呈正相关，而与年均太阳辐射量呈负相关，且年降水量对植被净初级生产力变化的影响占主 导地位。④在植被恢复区域，气候变化和人类活动共同作用和以人类活动为主导的区域占比分别 高达82.2% 和16.6%，而在植被退化区域，人类活动主导作用仍不容忽视。流动沙地的净初级生产 力受气候变化影响更强，而固定沙地净初级生产力受人类活动影响更显著。研究结果有力支持了 顺应气候暖湿化趋势以促进流动沙地自然修复，以及通过规范农业活动来提升沙地植被固碳增汇 的管理依据，可为科尔沁地区沙漠化治理与生态恢复提供精准施策的科学依据。

Abstract：Accurately assessing the spatiotemporal dynamics of vegetation net primary productivity (NPP) in sandy ecosystems and quantifying the respective roles of climate change and human activities are crucial for elucidating the impacts of environmental change on the carbon pool in sandy ecosystems and for developing strategies to enhance carbon sinks. Based on MOD17A3HGF data products, we systematically analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of vegetation NPP and their driving mechanisms in the Horqin region from 2001 to 2023, employing a combination of trend analysis, stability analysis, partial correlation analysis, and partial derivatives. The results indicated that: ① From 2001 to 2023, the vegetation net primary productivity in the Horqin region exhibited a spatial pattern of being higher in the northwest and southeast and lower in the central region, with a significant increase at a rate of 4.78 g C/(m² ⋅a). An impressive 89.3% of the region experienced significant recovery, with 72.6% maintaining stable condition. The recovery rate of net primary productivity was stronger in fixed sands than that in mobile sands. ② The climatic conditions in the Horqin region were characterized by a warming and humidification trend. The magnitude of climate changes was generally higher in desertified areas than in non-desertified ones. ③ Vegetation net primary productivity showed positive correlations with annual precipitation, and annual mean temperature, but was negatively correlated with annual mean solar radiation, with precipitation dominating the variation in vegetation net primary productivity. ④ In vegetation restoration areas, regions where net primary productivity changes were jointly driven by climate change and human activities, and those primarily driven by human activity accounted for 82.2% and 16.6%, respectively. However, in areas of vegetation degradation, the dominant influence of human activity remains non-negligible. Net primary productivity in mobile sand areas was predominantly influenced by climate change, whereas in fixed sand areas, it was substantially affected by anthropogenic activities. Our findings robustly endorse the following management strategies that facilitate the natural restoration of mobile sands by adapting to the prevailing trends of climate warming and humidification and enhancing the carbon sequestration and carbon sink capacity of sands through the regulation of agricultural practices. These insights provide a scientific foundation for targeted implementation of desertification control and ecological restoration efforts in the Horqin region.