青藏高原交通设施建设及影响评价研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.023

地球科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 308 -318. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.023

青藏高原交通设施建设及影响评价研究进展

苗毅 ¹(

),刘海猛 ²,宋金平 ¹(

),戴特奇 ¹

^1.北京师范大学地理科学学部, 北京 100875
^2.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101

收稿日期:2020-01-05 修回日期:2020-02-17 出版日期:2020-03-10
通讯作者: 宋金平 E-mail:jinpingsong@163.com
基金资助:
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究专题“生态安全保障的地域功能类型与区划”(2019QZKK0406)

Research Progress of Transportation Facilities Construction and Their Impact Assessment in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Yi Miao ¹( ),Haimeng Liu ²,Jinping Song ¹( ),Teqi Dai ¹

^1.Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
^2.Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Received:2020-01-05 Revised:2020-02-17 Online:2020-03-10 Published:2020-04-10
Contact: Song Jinping E-mail:jinpingsong@163.com
About author:Miao Yi (1992-), male, Weihai City, Shandong Province, Ph.D student. Research areas include regional development and transport geography. E-mail: 632129767@qq.com
Supported by:
the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program "Regional functional types and regionalization of ecological security"(2019QZKK0406)

全文 ( 26 ) 下载PDF ( 1710 )

青藏高原是中国重要的生态安全屏障和战略资源储备基地，探究其交通设施建设及影响意义重大，梳理相关研究发现： $①$ 伴随宏观区域政策和主要交通设施建设，2000年后相关研究快速增长，中国科学院、交通类院校机构贡献突出； $②$ 交通设施建设研究主要包括冻土融化等因素的制约及对策，其综合交通运输体系发展历程及区域联系、可达性改善效果与空间特征等； $③$ 影响评价主要围绕生态环境和社会经济，结果分别以扰动生态系统、切割景观格局、改变物种习性等负效应和改变区域发展格局、带动旅游及相关产业等正效应为主，多维度、多尺度正负效应间呈差异化及多重反馈特征。伴随第二次青藏高原综合科学考察及第三极国家公园群、川藏铁路等建设，应进一步聚焦关键技术、交通体系同国家战略与区域功能的平衡、出行感知与综合可达性的结合、耦合视角下的综合影响机制梳理与分析框架构建等。

关键词: 交通设施, 制约因素, 影响评价, 青藏高原

The Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP) is an important ecological security barrier region and strategic resource reserve base in China. It is of great significance to explore the construction and impact of its transportation facilities. Through combing the relevant research, we found that: $①$ With the construction of macro regional policies and major transportation facilities, the relevant research has been growing rapidly since 2000, and the contribution of Chinese Academy of Sciences, transportation universities and research institutions is outstanding; $②$ The key research of QTP's transportation facilities construction includes the constraints and countermeasures of permafrost melting, sandstorm, erosion and geological disasters, the development process of modern comprehensive transportation system and its spatial characteristics, and the evolution of multi-scale regional traffic connection and accessibility; $③$ The regional impact assessment of traffic facilities mainly focuses on ecological environment and social economy. The former results are mainly negative effects such as disturbing ecosystem, cutting landscape pattern, destroying vegetation cover and disturbing the normal living habits of wild animals, while the latter ones are mainly positive effects like promoting macro regional development, changing the spatial structure of regional development, and driving the development of tourism and other related industries. In general, the positive and negative effects of multi-dimensional and multi-scale show the characteristics of differentiation and multiple feedbacks. With the implementation of the Second Comprehensive Scientific Investigation on the QTP and the construction of Third Pole National Park Group, Sichuan-Tibet Railway and Qinghai-Tibet Expressway, we should further focus on the breakthroughs in key relevant technologies, the balance of transportation system with national strategies and regional functions, the combination of travel perception and comprehensive traffic accessibility, combing the comprehensive impact mechanism from the perspective of coupling and the construction of analysis framework that is in line with regional reality, etc.

Key words: Transportation facilities, Difficulties, Impact assessment, Qinghai Tibet Plateau.

中图分类号:

P963

图1 1992年以来青藏高原交通设施研究的发文情况

Fig.1 The number of papers about transportation facilities in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in core journals since 1992

图2 青藏高原交通设施中文研究成果的主题词共现网络

Fig.2 The subject words co-occurrence network of Chinese papers about transportation facilities in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau

表1 青藏高原交通设施研究发文量前 10位的单位

Table 1 Top 10 sources organizations of published papers about transport facilities in the Tibetan Plateau

序号	单位	发文/篇	序号	单位	发文/篇
1	中科院西北研究院	207	6	兰州交通大学	41
2	中铁第一勘测设计院	121	7	中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所	37
3	北京交通大学	65	8	青藏铁路公司	37
4	中铁西北科研院	55	9	中交第一公路勘察设计研究院	32
5	西南交通大学	49	10	中铁二院工程集团	30

表1 青藏高原交通设施研究发文量前 10位的单位

Table 1 Top 10 sources organizations of published papers about transport facilities in the Tibetan Plateau

序号	单位	发文/篇	序号	单位	发文/篇
1	中科院西北研究院	207	6	兰州交通大学	41
2	中铁第一勘测设计院	121	7	中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所	37
3	北京交通大学	65	8	青藏铁路公司	37
4	中铁西北科研院	55	9	中交第一公路勘察设计研究院	32
5	西南交通大学	49	10	中铁二院工程集团	30

图3 青藏高原道路网络建设发展历程^{[

27
]}

Fig.3 The development of road network construction in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau^{[

27
]}

图4 青藏高原交通设施的多尺度差异化区域影响
微观为设施邻近区；中观为城镇体系与交通沿线带；宏观为省域、青藏高原或更大区域

Fig.4 Regional impact of multi-scale differentiation of transportation facilities in Qinghai Tibet Plateau
The micro scale means the adjacent area of transport facilities； The meso scale includes the urban system and the traffic belt； The macro scale includes the province， the Qinghai Tibet Plateau or larger area

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