地球科学进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 265 -275. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2021.029

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原—沙漠的陆—气耦合及对干旱影响的进展及其关键科学问题
李耀辉 1 , 2( ), 孟宪红 3, 张宏升 4, 李忆平 2, 王闪闪 5, 沙莎 2, 莫绍青 5   
  1. 1.中国民用航空飞行学院,四川 广汉 618307
    2.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃 兰州 730020
    3.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    4.北京大学物理学院,北京 100871
    5.兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-01 修回日期:2021-02-05 出版日期:2021-04-30
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“青藏高原与北部沙漠地区陆—气耦合系统关联性及其对北方干旱的影响研究”(91837209);“中国旱涝骤变事件的变化特征及影响因子研究”(41775093)

Advances and Key Scientific Issues of Land-Atmosphere Coupling Between the Tibet Plateau and the Northern Desert and Its Impact on Northern China Drought

Yaohui LI 1 , 2( ), Xianhong MENG 3, Hongsheng ZHANG 4, Yiping LI 2, Shanshan WANG 5, Sha SHA 2, Shaoqing MO 5   

  1. 1.Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan Sichuan,618307,China
    2.Institute of Arid Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Lanzhou,730020,China
    3.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    4.School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
    5.College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2020-12-01 Revised:2021-02-05 Online:2021-04-30 Published:2021-04-30
  • About author:LI Yaohui (1967-), male, Hui County,Gansu Province. Research areas include disastrous weather, climate and climate change, numerical models, etc. E-mail: li-yaohui@163.com
  • Supported by:
    the National Nature Science Foundation "Study on the relevance of land-atmosphere coupling systems between the Tibetan Plateau and desert regions in the north of TP and its impacts on the drought in Northern China"(91837209);"Study on changing characteristics and influencing factors for events of abrupt change between drought and flood in China"(41775093)

作为世界第三极的青藏高原,是对全球天气气候影响最为显著的自然地貌之一。其巨大陆表深入对流层中部,热力效应直接作用于大气,不但形成了亚洲气候格局,甚至会导致北半球乃至全球气候变异。在青藏高原北部分布着北半球中纬度面积最大的沙漠群,与包括青藏高原在内的其他下垫面相比,沙漠具有地表反照率大、土壤热容量小、含水量低等特点,是地球系统中重要的感热源,同样对全球和区域能量平衡及气候变化和变异具有重要作用。青藏高原及其北部广阔沙漠区域——两种重要的陆地系统组成了全球独有的共生地理单元,它们之间的陆—气耦合必定通过某种过程相互关联。干旱是全球常见且危害极为严重的自然灾害,中国是全球干旱发生最为频繁的国家之一,特别是在中国北方,在气候变化大背景下,干旱也呈多发、加重的趋势。干旱成因复杂,始终是国内外相关领域研究的难点和热点。那么,从高原—沙漠共生地理单元的陆—气耦合过程出发,通过何种机制作用于我国北方干旱的形成和演变?这是一个值得探究的前沿论题。梳理了近年来青藏高原大气科学研究和包括沙漠地区的干旱半干旱陆面过程研究的最新进展,从中凝练出青藏高原和北部沙漠之间的陆—气耦合过程对我国干旱影响研究的关键科学问题,以期对开展相关探索的科技工作者有所帮助。

As the third pole of the world, the Tibet Plateau (TP) is one of the natural landforms, which has the most significant impact on global weather and climate. The thermal effect of the huge land surface deep into the middle of the troposphere directly affects the atmosphere, which not only forms the climate pattern in Asia, but also leads to climate change in the northern hemisphere and even the world. In the northern part of the TP, there is the largest desert group in the mid-latitudes of the northern hemisphere. Compared with other underlying surfaces including the TP, the desert has the characteristics of large surface albedo, low soil heat capacity, and low water content, which is an important source of sensible heat in the earth system and even plays significant roles in global and regional energy balance and climate changes. TP and its northern vast desert area—The two important terrestrial systems constitute a unique symbiotic geographical unit in the world, where land-atmosphere coupling must be related to each other through a certain process. Drought is a common and extremely serious natural disaster in the world. China is one of the countries where droughts occur most frequently. Under the background of climate change, droughts also tend to occur more frequently and worsen, especially in the north China. The causes of drought are complex, and they have always been a difficult and hot spot for research in related fields both at home and abroad. Starting from the land-atmosphere coupling process of the plateau-desert symbiosis geographic unit, what mechanism is used for the formation and evolution of drought in northern China is a frontier topic worth exploring. This article summarizes the latest advances in atmospheric scientific research on TP and the research on arid and semi-arid land surface processes including desert areas in recent years,from which we condense the key scientific issues in the research on the impact of the land-atmosphere coupling process between TP and the northern desert on drought in China for the purpose of reference and helping scientific and technological workers to carry out related exploration.

中图分类号: 

图1 基于SPEI指数划分的我国干旱半干旱地区和干旱频发区(据参考文献[ 7 ]重新绘制)
圆点表示1981—2010年气候平均小于-0.1的标准化降水蒸发指数SPEI(12),即SPEI(12)<-0.1,反映该地区易发生气象干旱
Fig.1 Arid and semi-arid regions and drought-prone regions based on SPEI index in Chinaredrawn according to reference [ 7 ])
The dots represent the 12-month standardized precipitation evaporation index SPEI(12)which is less than -0.1 over 30-year climate average from 1981 to 2010,that is,SPEI(12)<-0.1,shows that this region is prone to drought in climate
图1 基于SPEI指数划分的我国干旱半干旱地区和干旱频发区(据参考文献[ 7 ]重新绘制)
圆点表示1981—2010年气候平均小于-0.1的标准化降水蒸发指数SPEI(12),即SPEI(12)<-0.1,反映该地区易发生气象干旱
Fig.1 Arid and semi-arid regions and drought-prone regions based on SPEI index in Chinaredrawn according to reference [ 7 ])
The dots represent the 12-month standardized precipitation evaporation index SPEI(12)which is less than -0.1 over 30-year climate average from 1981 to 2010,that is,SPEI(12)<-0.1,shows that this region is prone to drought in climate
图2 我国西北地区主要沙漠分布图(据参考文献[ 12 ]重新绘制)
Fig.2 Distribution of main deserts in Northwest China redrawn according to reference [ 12 ])
图2 我国西北地区主要沙漠分布图(据参考文献[ 12 ]重新绘制)
Fig.2 Distribution of main deserts in Northwest China redrawn according to reference [ 12 ])
图3 高原陆面—边界层综合观测布局(据第三次青藏高原大气科学试验项目中图件重新绘制)
Fig.3 Comprehensive observation layout of plateau land surface and boundary layer (redrawn according to Third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Science Experiment)
图3 高原陆面—边界层综合观测布局(据第三次青藏高原大气科学试验项目中图件重新绘制)
Fig.3 Comprehensive observation layout of plateau land surface and boundary layer (redrawn according to Third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Science Experiment)
图4 我国北方干旱半干旱地区陆面过程和干旱致灾机理过程试验站网(据参考文献[ 58 ]重新绘制)
Fig.4 Network of test stations for land surface process and drought-induced disaster mechanism in arid and semi-arid areas of Northern China redrawn according to reference [ 58 ])
图4 我国北方干旱半干旱地区陆面过程和干旱致灾机理过程试验站网(据参考文献[ 58 ]重新绘制)
Fig.4 Network of test stations for land surface process and drought-induced disaster mechanism in arid and semi-arid areas of Northern China redrawn according to reference [ 58 ])
1 American Meteorological Society.Meteorological drought-policy statement[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 1997, 78:847-849.
American Meteorological Society.Meteorological drought-policy statement[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 1997, 78:847-849.
2 World Meteorological Organization. International meteorological vocabulary[M]. 2nd ed. WMO, 1992.
World Meteorological Organization. International meteorological vocabulary[M]. 2nd ed. WMO, 1992.
3 ZHANG Qiang, PAN Xuebiao, MA Zhuguo. Drought(meteorological disaster series)[M].Beijing: Meteorological Press, 2009.
ZHANG Qiang, PAN Xuebiao, MA Zhuguo. Drought(meteorological disaster series)[M].Beijing: Meteorological Press, 2009.
张强, 潘学标, 马柱国. 干旱(气象灾害丛书)[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 2009.
张强, 潘学标, 马柱国. 干旱(气象灾害丛书)[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 2009.
4 ZHANG Renhe, XU Xiangde. China climate observing system[M].Beijing: Meteorological Press, 2008.
ZHANG Renhe, XU Xiangde. China climate observing system[M].Beijing: Meteorological Press, 2008.
张人禾, 徐祥德. 中国气候观测系统[M]. 北京:气象出版社, 2008.
张人禾, 徐祥德. 中国气候观测系统[M]. 北京:气象出版社, 2008.
5 PEEL M C, FINLAYSON B L, MCMAHON T A. Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2007, 11(3):259-263.
PEEL M C, FINLAYSON B L, MCMAHON T A. Updated world map of the K?ppen-Geiger climate classification[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2007, 11(3):259-263.
6 YANG Tao, WANG Xiaoyan, ZHAO Chenyi, et al. Changes of climate extremes in a typical arid zone: Observations and multimodel ensemble projections[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2011. DOI:10.1029/2010JD015192.
YANG Tao, WANG Xiaoyan, ZHAO Chenyi, et al. Changes of climate extremes in a typical arid zone: Observations and multimodel ensemble projections[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2011. DOI:10.1029/2010JD015192.
doi: 10.1029/2010JD015192    
7 WANG Shanshan, YUAN Xing, LI Yaohui. Does a strong El Niño imply a higher predictability of extreme drought?[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017. DOI: 10.1038/srep40741.
WANG Shanshan, YUAN Xing, LI Yaohui. Does a strong El Ni?o imply a higher predictability of extreme drought?[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017. DOI: 10.1038/srep40741.
doi: 10.1038/srep40741    
8 REN Fumin. Regional extremes of drought, heavy precipitation, high and low temperatures in China[J]. Meteorological, 2015(3):388.
REN Fumin. Regional extremes of drought, heavy precipitation, high and low temperatures in China[J]. Meteorological, 2015(3):388.
任福民.中国干旱、强降水、高温和低温区域性极端事件[J]. 气象,2015(3):388.
任福民.中国干旱、强降水、高温和低温区域性极端事件[J]. 气象,2015(3):388.
9 YE Duzheng, GAO Youxi. Meteorology of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[M]. Beijing: Meteorological Press,1979.
YE Duzheng, GAO Youxi. Meteorology of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[M]. Beijing: Meteorological Press,1979.
叶笃正, 高由禧.青藏高原气象学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1979.
叶笃正, 高由禧.青藏高原气象学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1979.
10 XU Guochang, ZHANG Zhiyin. Effects of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on arid climate formation in the northwest[J]. Plateau Meteorology,1983(2):9-16.
XU Guochang, ZHANG Zhiyin. Effects of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on arid climate formation in the northwest[J]. Plateau Meteorology,1983(2):9-16.
徐国昌, 张志银. 青藏高原对西北干旱气候形成的作用[J]. 高原气象, 1983(2):9-16.
徐国昌, 张志银. 青藏高原对西北干旱气候形成的作用[J]. 高原气象, 1983(2):9-16.
11 QIAN Zhengan,WU Tongwen,LIANG Xiaoyun. Characteristics of the average vertical circulation in and around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Atmospheric Science,2001,25(4):444-454.
QIAN Zhengan,WU Tongwen,LIANG Xiaoyun. Characteristics of the average vertical circulation in and around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Atmospheric Science,2001,25(4):444-454.
钱正安,吴统文,梁潇云.青藏高原及周围地区的平均垂直环流特征[J].大气科学,2001,25(4):444-454.
钱正安,吴统文,梁潇云.青藏高原及周围地区的平均垂直环流特征[J].大气科学,2001,25(4):444-454.
12 WANG Jianhua. The map of desert distribution in1∶2,000,000 in China (1974)[DS]. National Tibetan Plateau Data Center, 2013. DOI:10.3972/westdc.009.2013.db.CSTR:18046.11.westdc.009.2013.db.
WANG Jianhua. The map of desert distribution in1∶2,000,000 in China (1974)[DS]. National Tibetan Plateau Data Center, 2013. DOI:10.3972/westdc.009.2013.db.CSTR:18046.11.westdc.009.2013.db.
doi: 10.3972/westdc.009.2013.db. CSTR: 18046.11.westdc.009.2013.db    
王建华. 中国1∶200万沙漠分布图(1974) [DS]. 国家青藏高原科学数据中心, 2013. DOI: 10.3972/westdc.009.2013.db. CSTR: 18046.11.westdc.009.2013.db.
王建华. 中国1∶200万沙漠分布图(1974) [DS]. 国家青藏高原科学数据中心, 2013. DOI: 10.3972/westdc.009.2013.db. CSTR: 18046.11.westdc.009.2013.db.
doi: 10.3972/westdc.009.2013.db. CSTR: 18046.11.westdc.009.2013.db    
13 ZHOU Liantong.The differences between NCEP/NCAR and ERA-40 reanalysis data and sensible heat data calculated from observation data[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research,2009,14 (1):11-22.
ZHOU Liantong.The differences between NCEP/NCAR and ERA-40 reanalysis data and sensible heat data calculated from observation data[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research,2009,14 (1):11-22.
周连童. 比较NCEP/NCAR和ERA-40再分析资料与观测资料计算得到的感热资料的差异[J].气候与环境研究, 2009,14(1):11-22.
周连童. 比较NCEP/NCAR和ERA-40再分析资料与观测资料计算得到的感热资料的差异[J].气候与环境研究, 2009,14(1):11-22.
14 ZHOU Liantong. Temporal and spatial variability of sensible heat fluxes in arid and semi-arid regions of the Eurasian Mainland[J]. Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences,2010, 33(3):299-306.
ZHOU Liantong. Temporal and spatial variability of sensible heat fluxes in arid and semi-arid regions of the Eurasian Mainland[J]. Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences,2010, 33(3):299-306.
周连童. 欧亚大陆干旱半干旱区感热通量的时空变化特征[J].大气科学学报,2010, 33(3):299-306.
周连童. 欧亚大陆干旱半干旱区感热通量的时空变化特征[J].大气科学学报,2010, 33(3):299-306.
15 ZHOU Liantong,WU Renguang, HUANG Ronghui. Variability of surface sensible heat flux over fnorthwest China[J]. Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 2010, 3(2):75-80.
ZHOU Liantong,WU Renguang, HUANG Ronghui. Variability of surface sensible heat flux over fnorthwest China[J]. Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 2010, 3(2):75-80.
16 CHARNEY J G. Dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel[J]. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 2010, 101(428). DOI:10.1002/qj.49710142802.
CHARNEY J G. Dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel[J]. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 2010, 101(428). DOI:10.1002/qj.49710142802.
doi: 10.1002/qj.49710142802    
17 BORGAONKAR H P, SIKDER A B, RAM S, et al. El Niño and related monsoon drought signals in 523-year-long ring width records of teak (Tectona grandis L.F.) trees from south India[J]. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2010, 285(1/2):74-84.
BORGAONKAR H P, SIKDER A B, RAM S, et al. El Ni?o and related monsoon drought signals in 523-year-long ring width records of teak (Tectona grandis L.F.) trees from south India[J]. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2010, 285(1/2):74-84.
18 HUANG Ronghui, CHEN Jilong, ZHOU Liantong, et al. Research on the relationship between major climate disasters in China and the climate system in East Asia[J]. Atmospheric Science, 2003, 27(4):770-787.
HUANG Ronghui, CHEN Jilong, ZHOU Liantong, et al. Research on the relationship between major climate disasters in China and the climate system in East Asia[J]. Atmospheric Science, 2003, 27(4):770-787.
黄荣辉, 陈际龙, 周连童,等. 关于中国重大气候灾害与东亚气候系统之间关系的研究[J]. 大气科学, 2003, 27(4):770-787.
黄荣辉, 陈际龙, 周连童,等. 关于中国重大气候灾害与东亚气候系统之间关系的研究[J]. 大气科学, 2003, 27(4):770-787.
19 HUANG Ronghui. Progresses in research on the formation mechanism and prediction theory of severe climatic disasters in China[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2006, 21(6):564-575.
HUANG Ronghui. Progresses in research on the formation mechanism and prediction theory of severe climatic disasters in China[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2006, 21(6):564-575.
黄荣辉.我国重大气候灾害的形成机理和预测理论研究[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(6):564-575.
黄荣辉.我国重大气候灾害的形成机理和预测理论研究[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(6):564-575.
20 SCHUBERT S D, SUAREZ M J, PEGION P J, et al. On the cause of the 1930s dust bowl[J]. Science,2004, 303(5 665):1 855-1 859.
SCHUBERT S D, SUAREZ M J, PEGION P J, et al. On the cause of the 1930s dust bowl[J]. Science,2004, 303(5 665):1 855-1 859.
21 ASNER G P, NEPSTAD D, CARDINOT G, et al. Drought stress and carbon uptake in an Amazon forest measured with spaceborne imaging spectroscopy[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004, 101(16):6 039-6 044.
ASNER G P, NEPSTAD D, CARDINOT G, et al. Drought stress and carbon uptake in an Amazon forest measured with spaceborne imaging spectroscopy[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004, 101(16):6 039-6 044.
22 TRENBERTH K E, BRANSTATOR G W, ARKIN P A. Origins of the 1988 north American drought[J]. Science, 1988, 242(4 886):1 640-1 645.
TRENBERTH K E, BRANSTATOR G W, ARKIN P A. Origins of the 1988 north American drought[J]. Science, 1988, 242(4 886):1 640-1 645.
23 MENG Xianhong, EVANS J P, MCCABE M F. The influence of inter-annually varying albedo on regional climate and drought[J]. Climate Dynamics, 2014, 42(3/4):787-803.
MENG Xianhong, EVANS J P, MCCABE M F. The influence of inter-annually varying albedo on regional climate and drought[J]. Climate Dynamics, 2014, 42(3/4):787-803.
24 MENG Xianhong, EVANS J P, MCCABE M F. The impact of observed vegetation changes on land-atmosphere feedbacks during drought[J]. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 2014, 15(2):759-776.
MENG Xianhong, EVANS J P, MCCABE M F. The impact of observed vegetation changes on land-atmosphere feedbacks during drought[J]. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 2014, 15(2):759-776.
25 ZHAO Ping, XU Xiangde, CHEN Fei, et al. The third atmospheric scientific experiment for understanding the Earth-atmosphere coupled system over the Tibetan Plateau and its effects[J]. BAMS, 2018, 99: 756-776.
ZHAO Ping, XU Xiangde, CHEN Fei, et al. The third atmospheric scientific experiment for understanding the Earth-atmosphere coupled system over the Tibetan Plateau and its effects[J]. BAMS, 2018, 99: 756-776.
26 YANG Kun, WU Hui, QIN Jun, et al. Recent climate changes over the Tibetan Plateau and their impacts on energy and water cycle: A review[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 2014, 112:79-91.
YANG Kun, WU Hui, QIN Jun, et al. Recent climate changes over the Tibetan Plateau and their impacts on energy and water cycle: A review[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 2014, 112:79-91.
27 MA Yaoming, YAO Tandong, WANG Jiemin, et al. Research on complex surface energy flux in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2006, 21(12):1 215-1 223.
MA Yaoming, YAO Tandong, WANG Jiemin, et al. Research on complex surface energy flux in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2006, 21(12):1 215-1 223.
马耀明, 姚檀栋,王介民,等.青藏高原复杂地表能量通量研究[J]. 地球科学进展,2006,21(12):1 215-1 223.
马耀明, 姚檀栋,王介民,等.青藏高原复杂地表能量通量研究[J]. 地球科学进展,2006,21(12):1 215-1 223.
28 YOU Quangang, XUE Xian, PENG Fei, et al. Surface water and heat exchange comparison between alpine meadow and bare land in a permafrost region of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2017, 232:48-65.
YOU Quangang, XUE Xian, PENG Fei, et al. Surface water and heat exchange comparison between alpine meadow and bare land in a permafrost region of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2017, 232:48-65.
29 LUO Siqiong, Shihua LÜ, YU Zhang. Development and validation of the frozen soil parameterization scheme in Common Land Model[J]. Cold Regions Science & Technology, 2009, 55(1):130-140.
LUO Siqiong, Shihua Lü, YU Zhang. Development and validation of the frozen soil parameterization scheme in Common Land Model[J]. Cold Regions Science & Technology, 2009, 55(1):130-140.
30 LUO Siqiong, Shihua LÜ, ZHANG Yu, et al. Establishment of a parameterized scheme for soil thermal conductivity in the central Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its application in numerical models[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2009, 52(4):77-86.
LUO Siqiong, Shihua Lü, ZHANG Yu, et al. Establishment of a parameterized scheme for soil thermal conductivity in the central Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its application in numerical models[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2009, 52(4):77-86.
罗斯琼, 吕世华, 张宇,等. 青藏高原中部土壤热传导率参数化方案的确立及在数值模式中的应用[J]. 地球物理学报, 2009,52(4):77-86.
罗斯琼, 吕世华, 张宇,等. 青藏高原中部土壤热传导率参数化方案的确立及在数值模式中的应用[J]. 地球物理学报, 2009,52(4):77-86.
31 PAN Yongjie, Shihua LÜ, GAO Yanhong, et al. Numerical simulation of soil hydrothermal characteristics on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2015, 34(5):1 224-1 236.
PAN Yongjie, Shihua Lü, GAO Yanhong, et al. Numerical simulation of soil hydrothermal characteristics on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2015, 34(5):1 224-1 236.
潘永洁, 吕世华, 高艳红,等. 砾石对青藏高原土壤水热特性影响的数值模拟[J]. 高原气象, 2015, 34(5):1 224-1 236.
潘永洁, 吕世华, 高艳红,等. 砾石对青藏高原土壤水热特性影响的数值模拟[J]. 高原气象, 2015, 34(5):1 224-1 236.
32 TSUYOSHI Nitta. Observational study of heat sources over the eastern tibetan plateau during the summer monsoon[J]. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan,1983, 61(4):590-605.
TSUYOSHI Nitta. Observational study of heat sources over the eastern tibetan plateau during the summer monsoon[J]. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan,1983, 61(4):590-605.
33 WU Guoxiong, ZHANG Yongsheng. Thermal and mechanical forcing on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the onset of the Asian monsoon:I.Location[J]. Atmospheric Sciences, 1998(6):825-838.
WU Guoxiong, ZHANG Yongsheng. Thermal and mechanical forcing on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the onset of the Asian monsoon:I.Location[J]. Atmospheric Sciences, 1998(6):825-838.
吴国雄, 张永生. 青藏高原的热力和机械强迫作用以及亚洲季风的爆发:I.爆发地点[J]. 大气科学, 1998(6):825-838.
吴国雄, 张永生. 青藏高原的热力和机械强迫作用以及亚洲季风的爆发:I.爆发地点[J]. 大气科学, 1998(6):825-838.
34 WU Guoxiong, LIU Yimin, HE Bian, et al. Thermal controls on the asian summer monsoon[J]. Scientific Reports, 2012(2):404.
WU Guoxiong, LIU Yimin, HE Bian, et al. Thermal controls on the asian summer monsoon[J]. Scientific Reports, 2012(2):404.
35 WU Guoxiong, LIU Yimin, DUAN Anmin, et al. Tibetan Plateau climate dynamics: Recent research progress and outlook[J]. National Science Review, 2015, 2(1):100-116.
WU Guoxiong, LIU Yimin, DUAN Anmin, et al. Tibetan Plateau climate dynamics: Recent research progress and outlook[J]. National Science Review, 2015, 2(1):100-116.
36 WU Guoxiong, HE Bian, LIU Yimin, et al. Recent progresses on dynamics of the Tibetan Plateau and Asian summer monsoon [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2016, 40(1):22-32.
WU Guoxiong, HE Bian, LIU Yimin, et al. Recent progresses on dynamics of the Tibetan Plateau and Asian summer monsoon [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2016, 40(1):22-32.
吴国雄,何编,刘屹岷,等.青藏高原和亚洲夏季风动力学研究的新进展[J].大气科学, 2016, 40(1):22-32.
吴国雄,何编,刘屹岷,等.青藏高原和亚洲夏季风动力学研究的新进展[J].大气科学, 2016, 40(1):22-32.
37 BAI Jingyu, XU Xiangde, ZHOU Yushu, et al. A preliminary study on the influence of abnormal sensible heat of spring in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on summer precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2003, 14(3):363-368.
BAI Jingyu, XU Xiangde, ZHOU Yushu, et al. A preliminary study on the influence of abnormal sensible heat of spring in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on summer precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2003, 14(3):363-368.
柏晶瑜, 徐祥德, 周玉淑,等. 春季青藏高原感热异常对长江中下游夏季降水影响的初步研究[J]. 应用气象学报, 2003, 14(3):363-368.
柏晶瑜, 徐祥德, 周玉淑,等. 春季青藏高原感热异常对长江中下游夏季降水影响的初步研究[J]. 应用气象学报, 2003, 14(3):363-368.
38 WANG Chenghai, SHI Rui, ZUO Hongchao. Simulation and analysis of land surface processes during freeze-thaw period in western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2008, 27(2):239-248.
WANG Chenghai, SHI Rui, ZUO Hongchao. Simulation and analysis of land surface processes during freeze-thaw period in western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2008, 27(2):239-248.
王澄海, 师锐, 左洪超. 青藏高原西部冻融期陆面过程的模拟分析[J]. 高原气象, 2008, 27(2):239-248.
王澄海, 师锐, 左洪超. 青藏高原西部冻融期陆面过程的模拟分析[J]. 高原气象, 2008, 27(2):239-248.
39 XU Ming. Numerical experiment on the effect of winter snow cover on precipitation in East China Meiyu season[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 1997,8(A00):110-115.
XU Ming. Numerical experiment on the effect of winter snow cover on precipitation in East China Meiyu season[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 1997,8(A00):110-115.
徐明. 青藏高原冬季积雪对华东梅汛期降水影响的数值试验[J]. 应用气象学报, 1997, 8(A00):110-115.
徐明. 青藏高原冬季积雪对华东梅汛期降水影响的数值试验[J]. 应用气象学报, 1997, 8(A00):110-115.
40 CHEN Lieting, WU Renguang. Interannual and decadal variations of snow cover over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and their relationships to summer monsoon rainfall in China[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2000, 17(1):18-30.
CHEN Lieting, WU Renguang. Interannual and decadal variations of snow cover over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and their relationships to summer monsoon rainfall in China[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2000, 17(1):18-30.
41 WU Tongwen, QIAN Zhengan. The relation between the Tibetan winter snow and the Asian summer monsoon and rainfall: An observational investigation[J]. Journal of Climate, 2003, 16(12):2 038-2 051.
WU Tongwen, QIAN Zhengan. The relation between the Tibetan winter snow and the Asian summer monsoon and rainfall: An observational investigation[J]. Journal of Climate, 2003, 16(12):2 038-2 051.
42 ZHAO Ping, ZHOU Zijiang, LIU Jiping. Variability of tibetan spring snow and its associations with the hemispheric extratropical circulation and east asian summer monsoon rainfall: An observational investigation[J]. Journal of Climate, 2007, 20(15):3 942-3 955.
ZHAO Ping, ZHOU Zijiang, LIU Jiping. Variability of tibetan spring snow and its associations with the hemispheric extratropical circulation and east asian summer monsoon rainfall: An observational investigation[J]. Journal of Climate, 2007, 20(15):3 942-3 955.
43 KAZUYOSHI Souma, WANG Yuqing. Improved simulation of the east asian summer monsoon rainfall with satellite-derived snow water equivalent data[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2009, 137(6):1 790-1 804.
KAZUYOSHI Souma, WANG Yuqing. Improved simulation of the east asian summer monsoon rainfall with satellite-derived snow water equivalent data[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2009, 137(6):1 790-1 804.
44 ZHOU Hao, TANG Hongyu, CHENG Bingyan. Relation between the abnormal snow cover in winter and spring over the Tibetan Plateau and summer precipitation over the southwest China[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2010, 32(6):1 144-1 151.
ZHOU Hao, TANG Hongyu, CHENG Bingyan. Relation between the abnormal snow cover in winter and spring over the Tibetan Plateau and summer precipitation over the southwest China[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2010, 32(6):1 144-1 151.
周浩, 唐红玉, 程炳岩. 青藏高原冬春季积雪异常与西南地区夏季降水的关系[J]. 冰川冻土, 2010, 32(6):1 144-1 151.
周浩, 唐红玉, 程炳岩. 青藏高原冬春季积雪异常与西南地区夏季降水的关系[J]. 冰川冻土, 2010, 32(6):1 144-1 151.
45 GUO Jibing, XU Xiangde, SHI Xiaohui, et al. Characteristics of winter apparent heat source in the key area of snow cover on Qihai-Xizang Plateau and spring drought in southwest China[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2012, 31(4):900-909.
GUO Jibing, XU Xiangde, SHI Xiaohui, et al. Characteristics of winter apparent heat source in the key area of snow cover on Qihai-Xizang Plateau and spring drought in southwest China[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2012, 31(4):900-909.
过霁冰,徐祥德,施晓晖,等.青藏高原冬季积雪关键区视热源特征与中国西南春旱的联系[J].高原气象, 2012, 31(4):900-909.
过霁冰,徐祥德,施晓晖,等.青藏高原冬季积雪关键区视热源特征与中国西南春旱的联系[J].高原气象, 2012, 31(4):900-909.
46 LIU Yuzhi, LI Yaohui, HUANG Jianping, et al. Attribution of the Tibetan Plateau to northern drought[J]. National Science Review, 2020, 7(3):10-13.
LIU Yuzhi, LI Yaohui, HUANG Jianping, et al. Attribution of the Tibetan Plateau to northern drought[J]. National Science Review, 2020, 7(3):10-13.
47 WANG Jiemin. Land-surface process experiments and interaction studies in China from HEIFE to IMGRASS and GAME-tibet/TIPEX[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 1999, 18(3):280-294.
WANG Jiemin. Land-surface process experiments and interaction studies in China from HEIFE to IMGRASS and GAME-tibet/TIPEX[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 1999, 18(3):280-294.
王介民. 陆面过程实验和地气相互作用研究——从HEIFE到IMGRASS和GAME-Tibet/TIPEX[J]. 高原气象, 1999, 18(3):280-280.
王介民. 陆面过程实验和地气相互作用研究——从HEIFE到IMGRASS和GAME-Tibet/TIPEX[J]. 高原气象, 1999, 18(3):280-280.
48 LIU Huizhi, DONG Wenjie, FU Zongbin, et al. Long-term observation experiment on "Arid and ordered human activities" in Tongyu, Jilin Province, semi-arid region[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2004, 9(2):378-389.
LIU Huizhi, DONG Wenjie, FU Zongbin, et al. Long-term observation experiment on "Arid and ordered human activities" in Tongyu, Jilin Province, semi-arid region[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2004, 9(2):378-389.
刘辉志, 董文杰, 符淙斌,等.半干旱地区吉林通榆“干旱化和有序人类活动”长期观测实验[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2004, 9(2):378-389.
刘辉志, 董文杰, 符淙斌,等.半干旱地区吉林通榆“干旱化和有序人类活动”长期观测实验[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2004, 9(2):378-389.
49 HUANG Ronghui, ZHOU Degang, CHEN Wen, et al. Recent progress in studies of air-land interaction over the arid area of Northwest China and its impact on climate [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2013, 37(2):189-210.
HUANG Ronghui, ZHOU Degang, CHEN Wen, et al. Recent progress in studies of air-land interaction over the arid area of Northwest China and its impact on climate [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2013, 37(2):189-210.
黄荣辉, 周德刚, 陈文,等. 关于中国西北干旱区陆—气相互作用及其对气候影响研究的最近进展[J]. 大气科学, 2013, 37(2):189-210.
黄荣辉, 周德刚, 陈文,等. 关于中国西北干旱区陆—气相互作用及其对气候影响研究的最近进展[J]. 大气科学, 2013, 37(2):189-210.
50 LI Qian, XUE Yongkang. Simulated impacts of land cover change on summer climate in the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Environmental Research Letters, 2010, 5(1): 015102.
LI Qian, XUE Yongkang. Simulated impacts of land cover change on summer climate in the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Environmental Research Letters, 2010, 5(1): 015102.
51 CHEN Guosen, HUANG Ronghui. Excitation mechanisms of the teleconnection patterns affecting the July precipitation in Northwest China[J]. Journal of Climate, 2012, 25(22):7 834-7 851.
CHEN Guosen, HUANG Ronghui. Excitation mechanisms of the teleconnection patterns affecting the July precipitation in Northwest China[J]. Journal of Climate, 2012, 25(22):7 834-7 851.
52 ZHANG Qiang. Research on the depth of atmospheric thermal boundary layer in extreme arid desert regions[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2007,27(4):614-620.
ZHANG Qiang. Research on the depth of atmospheric thermal boundary layer in extreme arid desert regions[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2007,27(4):614-620.
张强. 极端干旱荒漠地区大气热力边界层厚度研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2007,27(4):614-620.
张强. 极端干旱荒漠地区大气热力边界层厚度研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2007,27(4):614-620.
53 ZHANG Qiang, ZHANG Jie, QIAO Juan, et al. Relationship of atmospheric boundary layer depth with thermodynamic processes at the land surface in arid regions of China[J]. Science China Earth Science, 2011, 41(9):1 365-1 374.
ZHANG Qiang, ZHANG Jie, QIAO Juan, et al. Relationship of atmospheric boundary layer depth with thermodynamic processes at the land surface in arid regions of China[J]. Science China Earth Science, 2011, 41(9):1 365-1 374.
张强, 张杰, 乔娟,等. 我国干旱区深厚大气边界层与陆面热力过程的关系研究[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2011, 41(9):1 365-1 374.
张强, 张杰, 乔娟,等. 我国干旱区深厚大气边界层与陆面热力过程的关系研究[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2011, 41(9):1 365-1 374.
54 ZHANG Qiang, WANG Sheng, LI Yanying. Study on physical mechanism of influence on atmospheric boundary layer depth in the arid regions of Northwest China[J]. Journal of Meteorological Research, 2006, 20(5):1-12.
ZHANG Qiang, WANG Sheng, LI Yanying. Study on physical mechanism of influence on atmospheric boundary layer depth in the arid regions of Northwest China[J]. Journal of Meteorological Research, 2006, 20(5):1-12.
55 ZHAO Cailing, Shihua LÜ, LI Zhaoguo, et al. Characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer over the Badian Jaran Desert in summer[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2014, 33(6):1 526-1 533.
ZHAO Cailing, Shihua Lü, LI Zhaoguo, et al. Characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer over the Badian Jaran Desert in summer[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2014, 33(6):1 526-1 533.
赵采玲, 吕世华, 李照国,等. 夏季巴丹吉林沙漠陆面热状况对边界层高度影响的模拟实验[J]. 高原气象, 2014, 33(6):1 526-1 533.
赵采玲, 吕世华, 李照国,等. 夏季巴丹吉林沙漠陆面热状况对边界层高度影响的模拟实验[J]. 高原气象, 2014, 33(6):1 526-1 533.
56 WANG Ke, HE Qing, WANG Minzhong, et al. Characteristics of boundary layer wind in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2012, 32(4): 1 029-1 034.
WANG Ke, HE Qing, WANG Minzhong, et al. Characteristics of boundary layer wind in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2012, 32(4): 1 029-1 034.
王柯, 何清, 王敏仲,等. 塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地边界层风场特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2012, 32(4):1 029-1 034.
王柯, 何清, 王敏仲,等. 塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地边界层风场特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2012, 32(4):1 029-1 034.
57 ZHENG Hui, LIU Shuhua. Land surface parameterization and modeling over desert[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2013, 56(7):2 207-2 217.
ZHENG Hui, LIU Shuhua. Land surface parameterization and modeling over desert[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2013, 56(7):2 207-2 217.
郑辉, 刘树华. 沙漠陆面过程参数化与模拟[J]. 地球物理学报, 2013, 56(7):2 207-2 217.
郑辉, 刘树华. 沙漠陆面过程参数化与模拟[J]. 地球物理学报, 2013, 56(7):2 207-2 217.
58 LI Yaohui, YUAN Xing, ZHANG Hongsheng, et al.Mechanisms and early warning of drought disasters: An experimental drought meteorology research over China (DroughtEX_China)[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2018. DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0029.1.
LI Yaohui, YUAN Xing, ZHANG Hongsheng, et al.Mechanisms and early warning of drought disasters: An experimental drought meteorology research over China (DroughtEX_China)[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2018. DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0029.1.
doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0029.1    
59 BAO Yan, Shihua LÜ. Review of land-atmosphere interaction research on arid and semi-arid regions[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2006, 26(3):454-460.
BAO Yan, Shihua Lü. Review of land-atmosphere interaction research on arid and semi-arid regions[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2006, 26(3):454-460.
鲍艳, 吕世华. 干旱,半干旱区陆—气相互作用的研究进展[J]. 中国沙漠, 2006, 26(3):454-460.
鲍艳, 吕世华. 干旱,半干旱区陆—气相互作用的研究进展[J]. 中国沙漠, 2006, 26(3):454-460.
[1] 韦进, 申重阳, 胡敏章, 江颖, 张晓彤, 刘子维. 连续重力观测站测定的中国大陆潮汐因子空间分布特征[J]. 地球科学进展, 2021, 36(5): 490-499.
[2] 崔林丽, 史军, 杜华强. 植被物候的遥感提取及其影响因素研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2021, 36(1): 9-16.
[3] 苗毅, 刘海猛, 宋金平, 戴特奇. 青藏高原交通设施建设及影响评价研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020, 35(3): 308-318.
[4] 谢彦君, 任福民, 李国平, 王铭杨, 杨慧. 影响中国双台风活动气候特征研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020, 35(1): 101-108.
[5] 罗鑫玥,陈明星. 城镇化对气候变化影响的研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019, 34(9): 984-997.
[6] 王坚红,张萌,任淑媛,王兴,苗春生. 太行山脉地形坡度对下山锋面气旋暴雨影响模拟研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019, 34(7): 717-730.
[7] 杨慧,任福民,杨明仁. 不同强度热带气旋对中国降水变化的影响[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019, 34(7): 747-756.
[8] 孟宪萌,张鹏举,周宏,刘登峰. 水系结构分形特征的研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019, 34(1): 48-56.
[9] 王宇航, 朱园园, 黄建东, 宋虎跃, 杜勇, 李哲. 海相碳酸盐岩稀土元素在古环境研究中的应用[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(9): 922-932.
[10] 王芳慧, 陈莹, 王波, 李好文, 周升钱. 海洋微生物气溶胶的丰度、群落结构及影响机制[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(8): 783-793.
[11] 李宁, 刘丽, 张正涛, 冯介玲, 陈曦, 白扣. 气候变化经济影响研究热点的足迹可视化:整合被引文献和突现词[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(8): 865-873.
[12] 宋世雄, 刘志锋, 何春阳, 赵瑞, 任强. 城市扩展过程对自然生境影响评价的研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(10): 1094-1104.
[13] 王坚红, 丁晓敏, 薛峰, 苗春生. 气温增暖与趋冷变化阶段江淮汛期气旋气候特征对比研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2017, 32(2): 160-173.
[14] 方修琦, 张頔旸. 气候变化影响区域文明发展演化的主要表现方式[J]. 地球科学进展, 2017, 32(11): 1218-1225.
[15] 张强, 张红丽, 张良, 岳平. 论我国夏季风影响过渡区及其陆—气相互作用问题[J]. 地球科学进展, 2017, 32(10): 1009-1019.
阅读次数
全文


摘要