岩溶关键带及其碳循环研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.05.0488

地球科学进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 488 -498. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.05.0488

岩溶关键带及其碳循环研究进展

吴泽燕 ^1, ³(

),章程 ¹(

),蒋忠诚 ²,罗为群 ²,曾发明 ⁴

1. 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所，自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室，广西桂林 541004
2. 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所，自然资源部岩溶生态系统与石漠化治理重点实验室，广西桂林 541004
3. 中国地质大学（武汉），湖北武汉 430074
4. 佛山科学技术学院，广东佛山 528000

收稿日期:2019-01-25 修回日期:2019-03-29 出版日期:2019-05-10
通讯作者: 章程 E-mail:studywzy@126.com;chzhang@karst.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国地质调查局中国地质科学院项目“典型岩溶关键带结构与监测技术研究”(编号：JYYWF20182002);联合国教科文组织/国际地质科学联合会项目“岩溶系统关键带过程、循环与可持续性全球对比研究”(编号：IGCP661)

Advance of Karst Critical Zone and Its Carbon Cycle

Zeyan Wu ^1, ³( ),Cheng Zhang ¹( ),Zhongcheng Jiang ²,Weiqun Luo ²,Faming Zeng ⁴

1. Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources & Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
2. Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Rocky Desertification Control, Ministry of Natural Resources, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
3. China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
4. FoShan University，Guangdong Foshan 528000, China

Received:2019-01-25 Revised:2019-03-29 Online:2019-05-10 Published:2019-07-04
Contact: Cheng Zhang E-mail:studywzy@126.com;chzhang@karst.ac.cn
About author:Wu Zeyan（1990-）， female， Shantou City， Guangdong Province， Ph.D student. Research areas include karst carbon cycle and global change. E-mail： studywzy@126.com
Supported by:
Project supported by the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, China Geological Survey “Research on structure and monitoring technology of typical karst critical zone”(No.JYWF20182002);The UNESCO/IUGS “Processes, cycle, and sustainability of the critical zone in karst systems”(No.IGCP661)

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岩溶关键带的范畴包含了大气—（降水）—植被—土壤—裂隙—基岩—水组成的“碳—水—钙”循环强烈的表层岩溶带以及岩溶管道—洞穴—地下河—隔水层组成的巨大岩溶地下空间，岩溶关键带碳循环是岩溶地球系统科学研究的前沿方向。总结概括了岩溶地球系统科学发展至今的岩溶关键带范畴内碳循环及其对大气CO₂源汇效应的研究成果，包括早期碳运移模型、当前主流的区域岩溶碳汇量的计算方法和结果以及“生物碳泵”的新发现等，讨论了当前岩溶碳循环研究框架过于单一或不一致以及碳周转时间尺度等问题，提出应对岩溶关键带碳输入、赋存以及碳输出的各个环节做出系统化监测，通过联网在线高分辨率监测站点的建设以及“3S”技术实现点位到区域的研究，使岩溶碳汇在全球碳循环模型中的重要性更具说服力。

关键词: 地球系统科学, 岩溶关键带, 碳循环, 岩溶碳汇

The category of karst critical zone includes surface karst zones with strong carbon-water-calcium cycle composed of atmosphere-precipitation-vegetation-soil-fissure-bedrock-water and huge karst underground space composed of karst pipeline/fissure-cave-underground river-aquifer, which is the frontier direction of karst earth system science research. This paper summarized the research results of carbon cycle and its effect on atmospheric CO₂ source and sink from the scientific development of karst earth system up to now, including the early carbon migration model,the calculation methods and results of current mainstream regional carbon sink and the new discovery of bio-carbon pump, etc. It discussed the problems that the current research frameworks of karst carbon cycle are too single or inconsistent and time scales of carbon turnover are not the same. It was proposed that systematic monitoring of carbon input, storage and output in karst critical zone should be carried out. The importance of karst carbon sinks in the global carbon cycle model should be more convincing through the construction of online high-resolution monitoring sites and the "3S" technology to achieve point-to-area research.

Key words: Earth system science, Karst critical zone, Carbon cycle, Karst carbon sink.

中图分类号:

P642.25

图1 岩溶关键带结构模型

Fig.1 Conceptual structure model of karst critical zone

图2 表层岩溶动力系统中碳转移模型^{[

39
]}

Fig.2 Carbon transfer model in surface karst dynamic system ^{[

39
]}

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