黑河流域生态—水文过程集成研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2014.04.0431

地球科学进展 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 431 -437. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2014.04.0431

黑河流域生态—水文过程集成研究进展

程国栋 ^{1, 2}, 肖洪浪 ², 傅伯杰 ³, 肖笃宁 ⁴, 郑春苗 ⁵, 康绍忠 ⁶, 延晓冬 ⁷, 王毅 ⁸, 安黎哲 ⁹, 李秀彬 ¹⁰, 陈宜瑜 ¹, 冷疏影 ¹, 王彦辉 ¹¹, 杨大文 ¹², 李小雁 ⁷, 张甘霖 ¹³, 郑元润 ¹⁴, 柳钦火 ¹⁵, 邹松兵 ²

1. 国家自然科学基金委员会, 北京 100085;
2. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃兰州 730000;
3. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085;
4. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 辽宁沈阳 110016;
5. 北京大学, 北京 100871;
6. 中国农业大学, 北京 100083;
7. 北京师范大学, 北京 100875;
8. 中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所, 北京 100190;
9. 兰州大学, 甘肃兰州 730000;
10. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
11. 中国林业科学研究院, 北京 100091;
12. 清华大学, 北京 100083;
13. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 江苏南京 210008;
14. 中国科学院植物研究所, 北京 100093;
15. 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所, 北京 100101

收稿日期:2014-03-11 出版日期:2014-04-10
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重大研究计划“黑河流域生态—水文过程集成研究”重点项目“荒漠植物大气水汽利用机制及适应机理研究”(编号:91125025)资助.

Advances in Synthetic Research on the Eco-hydrological Process of the Heihe River Basin

Cheng Guodong ^1,2,Xiao Honglang ²,Fu Bojie ³,Xiao Duning ⁴,Zheng Chunmiao ⁵,#br# Kang Shaozhong ⁶,Yan Xiaodong ⁷,Wang Yi ⁸,An Lizhe ⁹,Li Xiubin ¹⁰, Chen Yiyu ¹, Leng Shuying ¹,Wang Yanhui ¹¹,Yang Dawen ¹²,Li Xiaoyan ⁷,Zhang Ganlin ¹³, Zheng Yuanrun ¹⁴,Liu Qinhuo ¹⁵, Zou Songbing ²

1. National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China;
2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
3. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;
4. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;5. Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
6. China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
7. Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
8. Institute of Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
9. Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;10. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
11. Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
12. Tsinghua University, Beijing 100083, China;13. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;14. Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;
15. Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Received:2014-03-11 Online:2014-04-10 Published:2014-04-10

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国家自然科学基金重大研究计划“黑河流域生态—水文过程集成研究”(简称黑河计划)贯穿地球系统科学的思维, 针对我国内陆河地区严峻的水—生态问题, 探索流域尺度提高水效益的理论和方法。计划执行4年来, 建立了遥感—监测—实验一体的流域生态水文观测系统及其相应的数据平台; 初步揭示了流域冰川、森林、绿洲等重要生态水文过程耦合机理, 认识了流域一级生态水文单元的水系统特征, 奠定了流域水循环、水平衡的科学基础; 计算了黑河下游生态需水量, 为黑河流域水资源优化管理厘定了重要的约束条件。今后几年将在高精度气、水、生、经时空数据的支持下, 耦合与集成流域综合模型, 保证我国流域科学能在世界前沿占一席之地。

关键词: 生态—水文, 地球系统科学, 流域科学, 黑河计划

The National Natural Science Foundation of China has launched a major research program entitled “Integrated Study of Eco-hydrological Processes in the Heihe River Basin” (referred to as “Heihe River Program”). It is grounded on the principles of the earth system science, and intended to explore the theory and methods of improving the water use efficiency in the inland river basins of China affected by severe water shortage and ecological deterioration problems. Since the implementation of the Heihe River Program for the past four years, we have established a basin-wide eco-hydrological observation system integrating remote sensing, monitoring and experimentation; developed a comprehensive database and information system; revealed the important coupling mechanism of eco-hydrological processes including glaciers, forests and oases; gained basic understanding of the system characteristics of eco-hydrological units which serve as the basis for computing the basin water cycle and water balance; and quantified the ecological water demand in the lower reaches of the Heihe River as the important constraints for optimal water resources management in the Heihe River Basin. In the next few years, we will integrate comprehensive watershed models supported by high-resolution spatio-temporal data of air, water, biota and economics towards the goal of playing a world-leading role in river science.

Key words: Earth System Science, River science, Eco-hydrology, Heihe River Program

中图分类号:

P343.1

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