使用高分辨率的格点化观测资料CN05.1,基于考虑了气温、相对湿度和风速影响的有效温度指数ET,进行了云南省1961—2014年气候舒适度变化的研究。结果表明,云南省地形高的北部地区气温低、相对湿度小、风速大、ET小,地形低的区域则相反。近几十年云南全境均表现出气温升高、相对湿度和风速减小、ET升高的变化趋势。对ET不同分级日数的分析指出:云南省北部冷—寒冷日和凉爽日较多,南部则主要为凉爽日和舒适日,并且全省冷—寒冷日呈明显减少趋势,凉爽日在北部增加、南部减少,舒适日显著增加,温暖及热—炎热日在南部个别地方增加,气候适宜日在4个季节均增加。在全球变暖背景下,冷—寒冷日的大幅度减少和气候适宜日的增加均表明,云南省目前的气候适宜程度有所提高。

The Effective Temperature (ET), which considers the aggregate effects of temperature, relative humidity and wind speed to describe the human thermal sensitivity, was employed to investigate the change of thermal conditions over Yunnan Province in China during the period of 1961-2014. The observation data used in the study is the high resolution gridded daily scale dataset CN05.1. The results show that over the northern part of the Province with high elevation mountains, colder temperature, lower relative humidity and stronger wind speed prevail, which leads to the lower ET values there. Opposite conditions are found over the low elevation areas in the south. An overall warming and decrease of both relative humidity and wind speed are observed in the latest decades in the whole Province, resulting in the general increase of ET over the region. Analysis based on the different assessment scales of ET shows that, more cold/extreme cold days and cool days exist in the north, while the cool days and comfortable days are mainly distributed in the south. General decrease of cold/extreme cold days is found over the region. An increase of the cool days in the north and decrease of it in the south, significant increase of the comfortable days, and increase of warm and hot/extreme hot days over portions in the south are reported. More climatic favorable days are found in all of the four seasons. Within the climate change context, the significant reduction of cold/extreme cold days and increase of climatic favorable days indicate that the climate in Yunnan Province so far tends to be more favorable for the human beings.