晚更新世以来奄美三角盆地黏土矿物的来源及其对古气候的指示

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2016.03.0286.

地球科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 286 -297. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2016.03.0286.

所属专题： IODP研究；

晚更新世以来奄美三角盆地黏土矿物的来源及其对古气候的指示

刘华华 ^1, ³(

), 蒋富清 ^1, ^2,,A; ^*(

), 周烨 ^1, ³, 李安春 ¹

1.中国科学院海洋研究所,中国科学院海洋地质与环境重点实验室, 山东青岛 266071
2.海洋国家实验室海洋地质过程与环境功能实验室, 山东青岛 266061
3.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2016-02-10 修回日期:2016-03-01 出版日期:2016-03-20
通讯作者: 蒋富清 E-mail:laosanliu@sina.cn;fqjiang@qdio.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“中新世以来奄美三角盆地的风尘记录及其对构造尺度东亚古气候的指示”(编号:41576050);国家海洋局“全球变化与海气相互作用”专项项目“西太平洋古气候研究” (编号:GASI-04-01-02)资助

Provenance of Clay Minerals in the Amami Sankaku Basin and Their Paleoclimate Implications Since Late Pleistocene

Huahua Liu ^1, ³( ), Fuqing Jiang ^1, ^2, ^*( ), Ye Zhou ^1, ³, Anchun Li ¹

1.Institute of Oceanology, Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071,China
2.Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061,China
3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,China

Received:2016-02-10 Revised:2016-03-01 Online:2016-03-20 Published:2016-03-10
Contact: Fuqing Jiang E-mail:laosanliu@sina.cn;fqjiang@qdio.ac.cn
About author:
First author:Liu Huahua (1989-), female, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, Master student. Research area include Marine Sedimentology.E-mail:laosanliu@sina.cn

Corresponding author:Jiang Fuqing (1972-), male, Hutubi County, Xinjiang Province, Associate Professor. Research area include Marine Sedimentology.E-mail:fqjiang@qdio.ac.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Program“Eolian dust record in the Amami Sankaku Basin and its indication of tectonic time-scale paleoclimate of East Asia since Miocene”(No.41576050);The State Oceanic Administration “Research on the Plaeoclimate of western Pacific” in the Project “Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction” (No.GASI-04-01-02)

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对“国际大洋发现计划”(IODP)351航次U1438A孔晚更新世以来沉积物中黏土矿物的组成、含量及矿物学特征进行了分析。结果表明,U1438A孔中黏土矿物以伊利石为主,平均含量为57%;其次是蒙皂石,平均含量为26%;绿泥石的平均含量为14%;高岭石的含量最少,平均仅为3%。伊利石的结晶度较好(<0.4°Δ2θ),而且化学指数较低(<0.43),表明伊利石主要形成于干冷的气候环境。通过将U1438A孔黏土矿物组合特征与周边可能源区对比,并结合黏土矿物的结晶参数特征,认为蒙皂石主要来源于奄美三角盆地周边岛弧火山物质;伊利石、绿泥石和高岭石主要来自于亚洲大陆风尘。(伊利石+绿泥石)/蒙皂石比值阶段性增加与亚洲大陆晚更新世以来变干冷的趋势是一致的。(伊利石+绿泥石)/蒙皂石和(伊利石+绿泥石)/高岭石比值在冰期的高值,指示了冰期亚洲风尘物质输入的增加,这是对亚洲大陆冰期干旱化和东亚季风增强的响应。

关键词: 奄美三角盆地, 黏土矿物, 物源, 古气候

We analyzed the clay mineral assemblages, content and mineralogical characteristics of Hole U1438A sediment recovered from Amami Sankaku Basin during International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) expedition 351. The results show that the clay minerals are mainly composed of illite (average 57%), smectite (average 26%), chlorite (average 14%) and minor kaolinite(average 3%). The crystallinity of illite in all samples are good (<0.4 Δ° 2θ), and the chemical indexes of illite in all samples are low (<0.4). Both indicate that illite in Hole U1438A formed in cold and dry climate. By comparing clay mineral assemblages of hole U1438A and the potential sediment sources, we suggest that smectite be mainly derived from the volcanic materials around Amami Sankaku Basin. Illite, chlorite and kaolinite are mainly derived from the Asian dust. The ratios of (illite+chlorite)/smectite show a phased increase over the last 350 ka, which is consistent with the cold and drying trend of the Asian continent since late Pleistocene. The high ratios of (illite+chlorite)/smectite and (illite+chlorite)/kaolinite during glacial period indicate that much more Asian dust was input into the Amami Sankaku Basin, which are responded to the aridity of Asian continent and strengthened east Asian Monsoon during glacial period.

Key words: Amami Sankaku Basin, Clay minerals, Provenance, Paleoclimate.

中图分类号:

P736.21+2

图1 U1438A孔位置及洋流示意图(据参考文献[1]修改)

Fig.1 Location of Hole U1438A and ocean current (modified after reference[1])

图2 U1438A孔岩心照片和地层年代框架
图中红色三角代表火山灰层的位置

Fig.2 Image and age-depth plot of Hole U1438A
Red triangle indicates the ash layer

图3 U1438A孔黏土矿物X-射线典型衍射图谱(样品深度:360~362 cm)

Fig.3 Typical X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)spectra of clay minerals in the Hole U1438A (sample depth: 360~362 cm)

表1 U1438A孔主要黏土矿物含量及矿物学特征

Table 1 Contents and mineralogical characteristic of the major clay minerals in Hole U1438A

	黏土矿物百分含量/%				蒙皂石 FWHM/° Δ2θ	伊利石 FWHM/° Δ2θ	伊利石 CI
	蒙皂石				伊利石	高岭石	绿泥石
最大值	45	68	5	19	1.99	0.43	0.43
最小值	13	44	1	8	0.74	0.26	0.24
平均值	25	57	3	14	1.30	0.30	0.31

表1 U1438A孔主要黏土矿物含量及矿物学特征

Table 1 Contents and mineralogical characteristic of the major clay minerals in Hole U1438A

	黏土矿物百分含量/%				蒙皂石 FWHM/° Δ2θ	伊利石 FWHM/° Δ2θ	伊利石 CI
	蒙皂石				伊利石	高岭石	绿泥石
最大值	45	68	5	19	1.99	0.43	0.43
最小值	13	44	1	8	0.74	0.26	0.24
平均值	25	57	3	14	1.30	0.30	0.31

图4 U1438A孔黏土矿物含量及特征参数变化
红色三角代表火山灰层

Fig.4 Variation of clay mineral content and mineralogical characteristics in the sediment of Hole U1438A
Red triangle indicates the ash layer

图5 U1438A孔与可能源区蒙皂石—伊利石—绿泥石三角图解
中国台湾 ^{[

26
,

31
,

32
]},大东海脊 ^{[

33
]},西菲律宾海盆 ^{[

34
]},黄土 ^{[

8
,

26
,

35
~

38
]},菲律宾吕宋岛 ^{[

39
]},九州—帕劳海脊 ^{[

11
]},帕里西维拉海盆 ^{[

28
,

40
]},四国海盆 ^{[

33
]},马里亚纳海槽 ^{[

41
]})

Fig.5 Ternary diagram of the major clay mineral illite, chlorite and smectite in Hole U1438A and the potential provenances
Taiwan ^{[

26
,

31
,

32
]}; Daito ridge ^{[

33
]}; West Philippine Basin ^{[

34
]}; Loess ^{[

8
,

26
,

35
~

38
]}; Luzon ^{[

39
]}; Kyushu-Palau ridge ^{[

11
]};Parece Vela Basin ^{[

28
,

40
]}; Shikoku Basin ^{[

33
]}; Mariana Trough ^{[

41
]}

图6 U1438A孔各黏土矿物之间的相关性

Fig.6 Correlation diagrams between clay minerals in Hole U1438A

图7 U1438A孔(伊利石+绿泥石)/蒙皂石与全球底栖有孔虫氧同位素曲线LR04 ^{[

59
]}、黄土中石英平均粒径 ^{[

60
]}、黄土堆积速率 ^{[

61
]}和北太平洋风尘通量 ^{[

62
]}变化对比

Fig.7 Comparison between (illite+chlorite)/smectite ratio of Hole U1438A, the stacked global benthic δ ¹⁸O record of LR04 ^{[

59
]},mean grain-size of quartz ^{[

60
]} and mass accumulation rate in Chinese loess ^{[

61
]}, and eolian dust flux in the North Pacific ^{[

62
]}

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Provenance of Clay Minerals in the Amami Sankaku Basin and Their Paleoclimate Implications Since Late Pleistocene

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Provenance of Clay Minerals in the Amami Sankaku Basin and Their Paleoclimate Implications Since Late Pleistocene