地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 513 -523. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.05.0513

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三门峡会兴沟剖面黄土—古土壤序列的岩石磁学研究
李兴文 1, 2( ), 张鹏 1, 强小科 1, 敖红 1   
  1. 1.中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,陕西 西安 710061
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-25 修回日期:2017-03-09 出版日期:2017-05-20
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“中国黄土记录的布容正极性时极性漂移事件研究”(编号:41572164);黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金课题“汾渭地堑早期人类扩散、迁徙与融合证据”(编号:SKLLQG1502)资助

Rock Magnetism Study on Loess-Paleosol Sequence at Huixinggou Section of Sanmenxia Basin

Xingwen Li 1, 2( ), Peng Zhang 1, Xiaoke Qiang 1, Hong Ao 1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2016-12-25 Revised:2017-03-09 Online:2017-05-20 Published:2017-05-20
  • About author:

    First author:Li Xingwen (1987-), male, Jiaozuo City, He’nan Province, Ph.D student. Research areas include quaternary geology and paleolithic archaeology.E-mail:lixw@ieecas.cn

  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Investigation of geomagnetic excursion events in the Brunhes Chron recorded in the Chinese loess”(No.41572164);State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology “Evidence on the early human diffusion, migration and fusion at Fenwei Graben”(No.SKLLQG1502)
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岩石磁学是古地磁学和环境磁学研究的基础,是鉴定岩石和沉积物中磁性矿物种类、粒度和含量的有效途径。对黄土高原东南部三门峡盆地的水沟—会兴沟旧石器遗址会兴沟剖面黄土—古土壤序列(S0~S8)进行系统的岩石磁学研究表明:本剖面沉积物的主要载磁矿物为磁铁矿、磁赤铁矿和赤铁矿,显示准单畴(PSD)磁性颗粒特征。所有磁学参数曲线均表现出基本一致的变化特征,与深海氧同位素曲线能够很好的对应,反映了第四纪以来的冰期—间冰期旋回中,东亚季风影响下的风尘黄土堆积中磁性矿物种类、粒度和含量的周期性变化特征。黄土中高矫顽力磁性矿物的相对含量要高于古土壤中的,而随着成土作用的加强,在古土壤中细粒的低矫顽力磁性矿物显著增加的同时,其中高矫顽力磁性矿物的绝对含量也相应增加。质量磁化率(χ)与非磁滞剩磁磁化率(χARM)和饱和等温剩磁(SIRM)及磁粒度参数χARM/SIRM和χARM/χ均呈明显的正相关关系,表明由成土作用产生的单畴(SD)颗粒和较小PSD颗粒对磁化率增强有显著的贡献。

关键词: 水沟—会兴沟旧石器遗址, 黄土—古土壤序列, 岩石磁学, 磁学参数, 古气候变化

Rock magnetism is the foundation of paleomagnetism and environmental magnetism study, and is effective in identifying the components, grain size and content of magnetic minerals in rocks and sediments. A systematic rock magnetism investigation has been conducted on the Huixinggou loess-paleosol sequence at Shuigou-Huixinggou Paleolithic site of Sanmenxia Basin in the southeastern Loess Plateau. Results show that the magnetic assemblage of the section is dominated by magnetite and maghemite, as well as hematite, exhibiting the average grain size of magnetic minerals is attributed to Pseudo-Single Domain (PSD). The variation curves of magnetic parameters are consistent and well comparable to marine oxygen isotope curves, with low values corresponding to the loess deposition during glacial periods, and high values corresponding to the paleosol development during interglacial periods, jointly demonstrating the glacial-interglacial cyclicities of magnetic mineral types, composition, and grain size of Chinese loess-paleosol sequences under the influence of alternating strengthening and weakening of Eastern Asian paleomonsoon over the Quaternary period. Comprehensive analysis reveals that the relative content of high-coercivity antiferromagnetic minerals is higher in loess than in paleosol, whilst the absolute content of high-coercivity antiferromagnetic minerals in paleosol is generally higher than that in loess accompanying increasing intensity of pedogenesis. The mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ) shows distinctly positive correlations with anhysteretic susceptibility (χARM), Saturation Isothermal Remanent Magnetization (SIRM) and magnetic grain size dependent parameters (χARM/SIRM and χARM/χ), indicating that the pedogenic producing Single Domain (SD) and small PSD ferrimagnetic particles contribute significantly to the magnetic susceptibility enhancement.

Key words: Shuigou-Huixinggou Paleolithic site, Loess-Paleosol sequence, Rock magnetism, Magnetic parameters, Paleoclimatic change.

中图分类号: 

图1 会兴沟剖面的地理位置示意图
Fig.1 A sketch map of the geographical location of Huixinggou section
图2 三门峡会兴沟剖面的土壤地层、磁化率和磁性地层(据参考文献[7]修改)
Fig.2 Pedostratigraphy, magnetic susceptibility and magnetostratigraphy at Huixinggou section of Sanmenxia Basin (modified after reference[7])
图3 会兴沟剖面代表性黄土和古土壤样品的 χ-T曲线(红线和蓝线分别表示加热和冷却曲线)
Fig.3 The χ-T curves of representative loess and paleosol samples at Huixinggou section (Red and blue lines represent heating and cooling curves, respectively)
图4 会兴沟剖面代表性黄土和古土壤样品的IRM获得曲线和反向退磁曲线
Fig.4 IRM acquisition and reverse demagnetization curves for representative loess and paleosol samples at Huixinggou section
图5 经过顺磁校正后会兴沟剖面代表性黄土和古土壤样品的磁滞回线
Fig.5 Hysteresis loops of representative loess and paleosol samples at Huixinggou section after slope correction for paramagnetic contribution
表1 会兴沟剖面代表性黄土和古土壤样品的磁滞回线参数
Table 1 Hysteresis parameters of representative loess and paleosol samples at Huixinggou section
样品号 层位 χ/(10-8 m3/kg) Hc/mT Mrs/nAm2 Ms/nAm2 Hcr/mT Mrs/Ms Hcr/Hc
90 S1 146.99 9.51 305.0 3 067 23.72 0.09 2.49
760 L1 55.62 11.89 173.0 1 577 35.61 0.11 2.99
2030 L2 29.03 14.41 144.6 1 173 47.35 0.12 3.29
2860 S2 91.98 11.73 250.3 2 084 27.20 0.12 2.32
3830 S3 119.55 9.39 262.0 2 557 24.53 0.10 2.61
4400 S4 132.02 9.07 226.2 2 236 23.50 0.10 2.59
4790 L5 66.60 12.93 204.6 1 551 29.19 0.13 2.26
5280 S5 110.49 10.27 183.8 1 637 24.51 0.11 2.39
5810 L6 21.07 18.83 117.2 707.5 46.65 0.17 2.48
6340 L7 29.86 18.74 161.0 1 064 48.86 0.15 2.61
7480 S7 77.94 13.08 174.4 1 286 29.15 0.14 2.23
7970 L8 32.34 17.07 132.2 866.5 45.96 0.15 2.70
图6 会兴沟剖面代表性黄土和古土壤样品磁滞参数的Day氏投影图(据参考文献[22,23]的方法绘制)
SD.单畴;PSD.准单畴;MD.多畴
Fig.6 Hysteresis ratios plotted on a Day diagram for representative loess and paleosol samples at Huixinggou section (drawn according to the method of references[22,23])
SD.Single Domain; PSD.Pseudo-Single Domain; MD.Multidomain
图7 会兴沟剖面黄土—古土壤序列磁学参数随深度变化曲线及与深海氧同位素曲线 [ 29 ]的对比
Fig.7 Variation curves of the depth-dependent magnetic parameters for the loess-paleosol sequence of Huixinggou section and their comparisons with marine oxygen isotope curves [ 29 ]
图8 会兴沟剖面部分磁学参数的相关性
Fig.8 The correlations of part magnetic parameters at Huixinggou section
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