地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 221 -233. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.03.0221

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珊瑚礁的成岩作用
王瑞 1, 2, 3( ), 余克服 1, 2, 3, *( ), 王英辉 1, 2, 3, 边立曾 3, 4   
  1. 1.广西大学海洋学院,广西 南宁 530004
    2.广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室,广西 南宁 530004
    3.广西大学珊瑚礁研究中心,广西 南宁 530004
    4.南京大学地球科学与工程学院, 江苏 南京 210093
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-26 修回日期:2017-01-25 出版日期:2017-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 余克服 E-mail:wrzfl@gxu.edu.cn;kefuyu@scsio.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点支持项目“珊瑚礁千米深钻记录的西沙碳酸盐台地形成演化和环境变迁史”(编号:91428203);广西珊瑚礁资源与环境八桂学者项目(编号:2014BGXZGX03)资助

The Diagenesis of Coral Reefs

Rui Wang 1, 2, 3( ), Kefu Yu 1, 2, 3, *( ), Yinghui Wang 1, 2, 3, Lizeng Bian 3, 4   

  1. 1.School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004,China
    2.Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Nanning 530004, China
    3.Coral Reef Research Center of China Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
    4.School of Earth Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
  • Received:2016-11-26 Revised:2017-01-25 Online:2017-03-20 Published:2017-03-20
  • Contact: Kefu Yu E-mail:wrzfl@gxu.edu.cn;kefuyu@scsio.ac.cn
  • About author:

    First author:Wang Rui(1983-), male, Huainan City, Anhui Province, Lecturer. Research areas include sedimentary petrology of coral reefs.E-mail:wrzfl@gxu.edu.cn

  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China “The evolution and environmental change of Xisha carbonate platform recorded by kilometer deep drill in the coral reef”(No.91428203);Guangxi Ba-Gui Fellowship:Coral reef resources and environment (No.2014BGXZGX03)
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珊瑚礁作为古环境记录的良好载体,时常受到成岩作用的制约,正确认识和评价成岩作用,是开展珊瑚礁古环境重建的关键。珊瑚礁成岩作用主要包括胶结作用、溶解作用、新生变形作用和白云岩化作用等类型。一方面,成岩作用本身可记录珊瑚礁经历的海平面升降、气候变化、海水性质改变、热液改造、微生物活动等地质过程,利用成岩演化过程可恢复古环境变化过程;另一方面,成岩作用又对珊瑚礁记录的原始环境信息产生了破坏,恢复古环境时需识别成岩作用对其影响的程度。在未来研究中,应加强成岩作用与现代气候环境、海平面变化、大气淡水改造、微生物活动的关系研究,以期提供更准确、更长时间序列的珊瑚礁古环境记录。

关键词: 珊瑚礁, 成岩作用, 发育模式, 古环境, 古气候

Coral reefs are often constrained by diagenesis as a sound environmental archive. The correct understanding and evaluation of diagenesis is the key to the paleoenvironmental reconstruction of coral reefs. The diagenesis of coral reefs mainly includes cementation, dissolution, neomorphism and dolomitization etc. On the one hand, the diagenesis itself can record the paleoenvironment that coral reefs underwent, such as sea-level fluctuation, climate change, change of sea water, hydrothermal alteration, microbial activity and so on. The diagenetic evolution thus can be used for the reconstruction of paleoenvironment change. On the other hand, diagenesis also destroys the original environmental information which recorded of coral reefs recard, and it is necessary to know the degree of the impact of diagenesis. In the future, we should pay more attention to the study on the relationships among diagenesis, modern climate, sea-level change, atmospheric water transformation and microbial activity. It can provide more accurate and longer time series of paleoenvironmental information that coral reefs recorded.

Key words: Coral reefs, Diagenesis, Development Model, Palaeoenvironment, Paleoclimate.

中图分类号: 

图1 珊瑚礁典型成岩作用类型显微照片 [ 44 ]
(a)腹足体腔孔内见等厚环边文石针(if)和葡萄状文石发育(Ab),p为原生孔隙,正交光;(b)叶片状高镁方解石胶结物(cf)呈等厚环边状发育在生物颗粒间的孔隙内,ca为珊瑚藻,fo为有孔虫,正交光;(c) 高镁方解石微晶球粒(pm)充填在珊瑚骨架孔洞内,单偏光;(d)针纤状低镁方解石(cw)显示的齿槽状构造,正交光;(e)新月形(me)和重力悬垂形(ms)低镁方解石胶结物,单偏光;(f)形成在大气淡水潜流带的棱柱状(cd)和块状(cg)低镁方解石胶结物,单偏光
Fig.1 Microscopic photographs of typical diagenesis types in coral reefs [ 44 ]
(a)Isopachous epitaxial overgrowths of acicular aragonite (if) and spherular aragonite (Ab) around and within a gastropod shell respectively (crossed polars), p:primary pore; (b) Isopachous fringes of bladelike, high-magnesium calcite (cf) surrounding skeletal grains (ca:coralline alga, fo: foraminiferan) (crossed polars); (c) Micrite peloids (pm) filling intraskeletal cavities in coral (plane polarized light); (d) Alveolar septal fabrics showing needle fibres of low-magnesium calcite(cw) (crossed polars); (e) Meniscus (me) and pendent (microstalactitic) (ms) cements of low-magnesium calcite(plane polarized light); (f) Prismatic (cd) and blocky (cg) cements of low-magnesium calcite formed within a meteoric phreatic zone (plane polarized light)
图2 图示珊瑚礁复合体中胶结物的分布 [ 31 ]
1.海相胶结物;2.非海相大气淡水胶结物;3.灰色为火山基底;(a)穆鲁路环礁,大洋洲;(b)半翘起的乌韦阿(Ouvéa)半环礁,新喀里多尼亚;(c)翘起的马雷(Maré)台地/环礁,新喀里多尼亚
Fig.2 Schematic distribution of cements in the coral reef complex [ 31 ]
1.Schematic distribution of early marine cements; 2.Nonmarine meteoric cements at the scale of platform or reef complex;3.Volcanic basement in gray;(a)Mururoa Atoll, French Polynesia; (b)The tilted half-atoll of Ouve' a, Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia; (c) The tilted platform/atoll of Mare', Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia
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