地球科学进展 ›› 2007, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (7): 716 -724. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2007.07.0716

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

地下水NO - 3氮与氧同位素研究进展
邓 林 1,曹玉清 2,王文科 1   
  1. 1.长安大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710054; 2.吉林大学环境与资源学院,吉林 长春 130026
  • 收稿日期:2006-12-04 修回日期:2007-06-04 出版日期:2007-07-10
  • 通讯作者: 邓林(1975-),女,江西南昌人,讲师,主要从事水文水资源与环境研究.E-mail:deng_lin@hotmail.com E-mail:deng_lin@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目“河流与地下水关系演化的动力学机制与数字仿真模拟”(编号:40472131);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目“黄河流域水资源演化规律与可再生性维持机理”(编号:G1999043606);陕西省自然科学基金项目(编号:2002D13)资助.

An Overview of the Study on Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotopes of Nitrate in Groundwater

DENG Lin 1, CAO Yu-qing 2, WANG Wen-ke 1   

  1. 1.College of Environment and Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054,China;2.College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun 130026,China
  • Received:2006-12-04 Revised:2007-06-04 Online:2007-07-10 Published:2007-07-10

人为活动通常是地下水硝酸盐污染的主要原因。不同来源的NO-3 具有不同的氮、氧同位素组成,利用地下水NO-3中的δ15N和δ18O值可有效识别地下水硝酸盐污染的来源。引起地下水中NO-3含量显著减少的不同物理、化学和生物过程,所产生的氮、氧同位素分馏效应有明显差别。地下水系统中反硝化作用发生时,NO-3中氮和氧同位素分馏系数呈一定比例。因此NO-3中δ15N和δ18O值也是示踪地下水硝酸盐循环,尤其是反硝化作用的有效手段。利用NO-3中氮和氧双同位素,并与其他环境同位素及化学分析技术相结合,示踪NO-3来源及其循环是地下水硝酸盐污染研究的重要方向之一。综述了利用地下水硝酸盐中氮和氧同位素识别NO-3污染源与循环的研究进展,简述了近年迅速发展的阴离子交换树脂取样法,概述了此方面研究存在的主要问题,并展望了今后的研究方向。

Nitrate contamination of groundwater often results from human activities. Stable isotope ratios of N (15N/14N) and O (18O/16O) in NO-3 can be used to aid in distinguishing various sources of NO-3 in groundwater effectively because values of δ15N-NO-3 and δ18O-NO-3 in groundwater vary with the sources of nitrate. Different physical, chemical and biological processes may lead to distinctive nitrogen and oxygen isotope fractionations. When denitrification occurs in groundwater, the enrichment for 15N in NO-3 is higher by a factor of about 2.0 than for 18O in NO-3. Thus, a dual isotopic approach of measuring both δ15N and δ18O in NO-3 could be employed to trace nitrate cycles in groundwater, especially the occurrence of denitrification. Use of both N and O isotopes in NO-3 combined with other environmental isotopic and chemical methods to trace nitrate sources and cycles are an important way in the investigation of nitrate contamination of groundwater. As to techniques for the measurement of 15N/14N and 18O/16O compositions of nitrate, a newly developed method for nitrate concentration using anion exchange resins has been applied in more and more studies because it is convenient and economical. In this paper, the progress of identifying NO-3 sources and its cycles in groundwater with the aid of δ15N-NO-3 and δ18O-NO-3 is reviewed. Future possible developments are put forward along with some problems in this research field.

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