风沙流对植物生长影响的研究

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2002.02.0262

地球科学进展 ›› 2002, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (2): 262 -267. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2002.02.0262

中国典型地区土地利用变化对生态系统的影响机制上一篇下一篇

风沙流对植物生长影响的研究

于云江 ^1,2，史培军 ¹，贺丽萍 ³，刘家琼 ²

1.北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室，北京师范大学资源科学研究所，北京 100875;2.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠试验研究站，甘肃兰州 730000;3.内蒙古伊盟林业处，内蒙古东胜 017000

收稿日期:2001-12-07 修回日期:2001-12-28 出版日期:2002-12-20
通讯作者: 于云江（1964-）.男，内蒙古乌前旗人，博士研究生，主要从事干旱区资源与植物生态生理研究.E-mail:yyj@irs.bnu.edu.cn E-mail:yyj@irs.bnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目“中国北方沙漠化过程及其防治研究”（编号：G2000048701）；国家重点基础研究发展规划项目“草地与农牧交错带生态系统重建机理及优化生态—生态范式”（编号：G2000018604）；中科院沙坡头沙漠试验站开放基金（200021）；教育部骨干青年教师基金资助.

RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTS OF WIND-SAND CURRENT ON THE PLANT GROWTH

YU Yun-jiang ^1，2， SHI Pei-jun ¹， HE Li-ping ³， LIU Jia-qiong ²

1.Institute of Resource Science, Key laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2.Desert Experimental Research Station at Shapotou, Institute of Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering, CAS,Lanzhou 730000, China; 3.Forestry Department, Yikezhaomen Region, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous,Dong Sheng 017000,China

Received:2001-12-07 Revised:2001-12-28 Online:2002-12-20 Published:2002-04-01

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在中国乃至全球，风沙活动都十分频繁，它直接影响着风沙地区植物资源的可持续利用与发展，因此，研究风沙流对植物生长的影响十分必要。以往，相关的研究主要是围绕沙漠逆境的综合条件（如降水、温度、湿度、土壤水分、养分等综合因子）进行的，研究内容涉及植物的生理、生化、物质代谢以及生态适应性等。但国内外就风沙流单因子对植物生理生化影响的研究还没有深入展开，为此，作者利用野外风洞条件，就不同风况下的风沙胁迫对某些植物生长特征的影响进行了实验研究；结果表明：风沙流胁迫可使植物的净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Cs）、叶温（Tl）、叶片水势（Wp）降低，使蒸腾速率（Tr）升高；且风速越大，吹风间隔越短，这些参数变幅越大；风沙流比净风的影响更大。风沙流能降低试验植物的水分利用率，进而增加植物的干燥作用；同时可使脯氨酸含量增加。由于风沙流运动和植物的复杂多样性，因此这个研究领域还有许多问题需要探索。

关键词: 风沙, 植物生理, 沙漠

Blown Sand is frequent in China and even the globe, it affects the sustained utilization and development of botanical resource, thus it is essential to study on the effects of the blown sand on plant. In the past time, concerned research mainly comprised plant physiology, substance metabolizing and its adaptability under integrated factor of the desert instead of single wind-sand current factor, thus the author study on the effects of the blown sand on the growth characteristics of some plants in different windy condition by the field wind tunnel. The results showed: Wind and wind-sand current made net photosynthetic ratio(Pn), stomata conductance(Cs), leaf temperature (Tl),leaf water potential (Lwp) decrease, made transpiration ratio(Tr) rise. The larger the windy velocity was or the shorter the interval of blown sand was, the larger the changes of the above indexes was, and the effects of wind-sand current on above indexes were more fiercely than pure wind; wind-sand stress made the plants experimented proline acid cumulate; because of decreasing water use efficiency (Wue), wind-sand current aggravated desiccation on plants; because of diversity and complexity of plant and blown sand movement, there were many further problems to study about effect of blown sand on plant growth.

Key words: Blown sand, Plant physiology, Desert.

中图分类号:

Q948

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