地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 488 -496. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.045

生态水文学理论与实践 上一篇    下一篇

流域水文遥感的科学问题与挑战
刘元波 1( ),吴桂平 1,赵晓松 1,范兴旺 1,潘鑫 2,甘国靖 1,刘永伟 1,郭瑞芳 1,周晗 3,王颖 4,王若男 1,崔逸凡 1   
  1. 1.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所，江苏 南京 210008
    2.河海大学地球科学与工程学院，江苏 南京 211100
    3.武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北 武汉 430070
    4.三江学院，江苏 南京 210012
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-27 修回日期:2020-04-19 出版日期:2020-05-10
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“通江湖泊干旱多成因机制研究”(41430855);“含迟滞效应的非参数化蒸散计算方法研究”(51879255)

Remote Sensing for Watershed Hydrology: Issues and Challenges

Yuanbo Liu 1( ),Guiping Wu 1,Xiaosong Zhao 1,Xingwang Fan 1,Xin Pan 2,Guojing Gan 1,Yongwei Liu 1,Ruifang Guo 1,Han Zhou 3,Ying Wang 4,Ruonan Wang 1,Yifan Cui 1   

  1. 1.Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
    2.School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
    3.School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070
    4.Sanjiang University, Nanjing 210012, China
  • Received:2019-12-27 Revised:2020-04-19 Online:2020-05-10 Published:2020-06-05
  • About author:Liu Yuanbo （1969-）， male， Liangshan County, Shandong Province， Professor. Research areas include hydrology and quantitative remote sensing. E-mail: ybliu@niglas.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China "Multicausality of droughts in Yangtze-River connected lake"(41430855);"Nonparametric approach for estimating evapotranspiration with hysteretic effect"(51879255)
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21世纪以来，水文遥感得到长足发展并成为当前地球科学的研究热点之一，同时也在流域生态水文过程研究中发挥了不可替代的作用，成为当前流域生态水文研究的重要手段。流域水文遥感在研究内容、研究方法、实际应用等方面具有流域整体性要求，涉及流域水量收支的闭合约束、要素反演检验的流域有效性以及流域水文模型的数据同化，指出流域尺度的反演检验、反演结果的不确定性和数据同化的误差溯源是当前面临的科学挑战。

关键词: 水文遥感, 流域水量平衡要素, 流域水文过程, 数据同化

With significant development since the beginning of the 21st century, hydrologic remote sensing becomes one of the most active disciplines in earth sciences, offering numerous opportunities and advances for watershed hydrology and other disciplines of geography. This commentary highlights the specialty and restriction of remote sensing for watershed hydrology on three aspects: watershed closure in water budget, watershed-scale effectiveness of hydrologic parameter retrievals, and watershed model inputs for data assimilation. The current challenges include rational watershed-scale validation, uncertainty control in retrievals, and error sources in data assimilation.

Key words: Quantitative remote sensing, Watershed water-balance components, Hydrological process, Data assimilation

中图分类号: 

图1 流域水量收支过程及两类水文变量（状态变量与界面通量）遥感原理概念图
Fig.1 Conceptual illustration of watershed-scale water budgets and basic remote sensing principles respectively for state and flux variables
图2 水文要素的遥感反演原理、代表算法及适用条件
Fig.2 Remote sensing of hydrologic components: Principles, retrieval algorithms and restrictions
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