上层海洋对台风的响应和调制机理

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2013.10.1077

简要介绍2013年初启动的国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“上层海洋对台风的响应和调制机理研究”。首先围绕国家需求说明项目的重要性和必要性, 然后从物理机制、同化方法和预报技术出发说明海洋与台风的相互作用是海洋与大气科学研究的前沿命题, 接着从海洋对台风的局地响应和反馈、海洋与台风的大尺度相互作用、针对台风的海洋多源数据同化和预报模式的发展等方面阐述相关国内外研究进展, 最后给出项目的关键科学问题和主要研究内容。

关键词: 数据同化, 海气耦合, 台风预报, 上层海洋

This paper is an introduction to a new project of the national basic research program of China, “Upper Ocean Response Feedback Mechanisms to Typhoon”. The importance and necessity of this project, regarding the national interests, are discussed at the beginning. Then, the ocean typhoon interaction is proposed as a cutting-edge research topic, in terms of the physical mechanism, data assimilation method, and forecast technique. Latest research progresses are reviewed on the oceanic response and feedback to typhoon, the large scale interaction between the ocean and typhoon, the multi source ocean data assimilation related to typhoon, and typhoon forecast model. Finally, the key scientific questions and the major research contents are presented. bstract: This paper is an introduction to a new project of the national basic research program of China, “Upper Ocean Response and Feedback Mechanisms to Typhoon”. The importance and necessity of this project, regarding the national interests, are discussed at the beginning. Then, the ocean typhoon interaction is proposed as a cutting-edge research topic, in terms of the physical mechanism, data assimilation method, and forecast technique. Latest research progresses are reviewed on the oceanic response and feedback to typhoon, the large scale interaction between the ocean and typhoon, the multi source ocean data assimilation related to typhoon, and typhoon forecast model. Finally, the key scientific questions and the major research contents are presented.

Key words: Typhoon forecast, Ocean atmosphere interaction, Data assimilation, Upper ocean

中图分类号:

P444文献标志码：A

[1]Shanghai Typhoon Institute.Climatological Atlas for Tropical Cyclones Affecting China[M].Shanghai：Science Press, 2007.[上海台风研究所.中国热带气旋气候图集[M].上海：科学出版社, 2007.]
[2]Chen Lianshou, Ding Yihui. Introduction to Typhoon over the Western Pacific Ocean[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1979.[陈联寿, 丁一汇.西太平洋台风概论[M].北京: 科学出版社, 1979.]
[3]Ding Y H, Reiter E R. Some conditions influencing the variability of typhoon formation over the west Pacific-Ocean[J].Archives for Meteorology Geophysics and Bioclimatology Series A—Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 1981, 30(4): 327-342.
[4]Chang Y C, Tseng R S, Centurioni L R. Typhoon-induced strong surface flows in the Taiwan Strait and Pacific[J].Journal of Oceanography, 2010, 66(2): 175-182.
[5]Sanford T B, Price J F, Girton J B.Upper-ocean response to hurricane frances (2004) observed by profiling EM-APEX floats[J].Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2011, 41(6):1 041-1 056.
[6]Lu Z M, Huang R X. The three-dimensional steady circulation in a homogenous ocean induced by a stationary hurricane[J].Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2010, 40(7): 1 441-1 457.
[7]Shang S, Li L, Sun F, et al. Changes of temperature and bio-optical properties in the South China Sea in response to Typhoon Lingling, 2001[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2008, 35(10): L10602.
[8]Yang Yuanjian, Fu Yunfei, Sun Liang, et al. Responses of the upper ocean to Typhoon Tingting observed from multiplatform satellites and Argo float[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology China, 2010, 40(1): 1-7.[杨元建, 傅云飞, 孙亮, 等. 基于多卫星和Argo浮标观测海洋上层对台风婷婷的响应[J]. 中国科学技术大学学报, 2010, 40(1): 1-7.]
[9]Sun L, Yang Y J, Xian T, et al. Strong enhancement of chlorophyll a concentration by a weak typhoon[J].Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 2010, 404: 39-50.
[10]Hu J Y, Kawamura H.Detection of cyclonic eddy generated by looping tropical cyclone in the northern South China Sea: A case study[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2004, 232: 213-224.
[11]Chiang T L, Wu C R, Oey L Y. Typhoon Kai-Tak: An ocean’s perfect storm[J].Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2011, 41(1): 221-233.
[12]D’Asaro E A, Sanford T B, Niiler P P, et al. Cold wake of hurricane Frances[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2007, 34(15): L15609 .
[13]Huang P, Sanford T B, Imberger J. Heat and turbulent kinetic energy budgets for surface layer cooling induced by the passage of Hurricane Frances (2004)[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2009, 114(C12): C12023.
[14]Chen S, Campbell T J, Jin H, et al. Effect of two-way air-sea coupling in high and low wind speed regimes[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2010, 138(9): 3 579-3 602.
[15]Emanuel K A. An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part I: Steady-state maintenance[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 1986, 43(6): 585-605.
[16]Andreas E L, Persson P O G, Hare J E. A bulk turbulent air-sea flux algorithm for high-wind, spray conditions[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2008, 38(7): 1 581-1 596.
[17]Gall J S, Frank W M, Kwon Y. Effects of sea spray on tropical cyclones simulated under idealized conditions[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2008, 136(5): 1 686-1 705.
[18]Liu Lei, Zheng Jing, Lu Zhiwu, et al. Sea spray parameterization used in typhoon simulations[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2010, 21(3):17-27.[刘磊, 郑静, 陆志武, 等. 海洋飞沫参数化方案在台风数值模拟中的应用[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2010, 21(3): 17-27.]
[19]Ito K, Ishikawa Y, Awaji T. Specifying air-sea exchange coefficients in the high-wind regime of a mature tropical cyclone by an adjoint data assimilation method[J]. Sola, 2010, 6: 13-16.
[20]Emanuel K. Tropical cyclones[J].Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 2003, 31(1): 75-104.
[21]Pan Jing, Li Chongyin, Song Jie. The modulation of madden julian oscillation on typhoons in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2010, 34(6):1 059-1 070.[潘静, 李崇银, 宋洁. 热带大气季节内振荡对西北太平洋台风的调制作用[J].大气科学, 2010, 34(6):1 059-1 070.]
[22]Tian Hua, Li Chongyin, Yang Hui. Modulation of typhoon tracks over the Western North Pacific by the intraseasonal oscillation[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2010, 34(3): 559-579.[田华, 李崇银, 杨辉. 大气季节内振荡对西北太平洋台风路径的影响研究[J]. 大气科学, 2010, 34(3): 559-579.]
[23]Huang Yong, Li Chongyin, Wang Ying. Further study on the characteristics of frequency variation of tropical cyclones activity over western north Pacific and the relationship with sea surface temperature[J]. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 2009, 25(3): 273-280.[黄勇, 李崇银, 王颖. 西北太平洋热带气旋频数变化特征及其与海表温度关系的进一步研究[J]. 热带气象学报, 2009, 25(3): 273-280.]
[24]Sriver R L, Huber M. Observational evidence for an ocean heat pump induced by tropical cyclones[J]. Nature, 2007, 447(7 144): 577-580.
[25]Liu L L, Wang W, Huang R X. The mechanical energy input to the ocean induced by tropical cyclones[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2008, 38(6): 1 253-1 266.
[26]Gill A E. On the behavior of internal waves in the wakes of storms[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1984, 14(7): 1 129-1 151.
[27]Emanuel K. Contribution of tropical cyclones to meridional heat transport by the oceans[J].Journal Geophysical Research, 2001, 106(D14): 14 771-14 781.
[28]Sriver R L, Huber M. Modeled sensitivity of upper thermocline properties to tropical cyclone winds and possible feedbacks on the Hadley circulation[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2010, 37(8), doi:10.1029/2010GL042836.
[29]Manucharyan G E, Brierley C M, Fedorov A V. Climate impacts of intermittent upper ocean mixing induced by tropical cyclones[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (1978-2012), 2011, 116(C11), doi: 10.1029/2011JC007295.
[30]Kubota H, Chan J C L. Interdecadal variability of tropical cyclone landfall in the Philippines from 1902 to 2005[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2009, 36(12), doi: 10.1029/2009GL038108.
[31]Chen Guanghua, Huang Ronghui. Research on climatological problems of tropical cyclone and typhoon activity in western North Pacific[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2006, 21(6): 610-616.[陈光华, 黄荣辉. 西北太平洋热带气旋和台风活动若干气候问题的研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2006, 21(6): 610-616.]
[32]Sun Ying, Ding Yihui. Anomalous activities of tropical cyclone over the Western North Pacific and the related large-acale circulation features during 1998 and 1999[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2002, 60(5): 527-537.[孙颖, 丁一汇. 1998和1999年西北太平洋热带气旋的异常特征及其大尺度条件[J]. 气象学报, 2002, 60(5): 527-537.]
[33]Huang Ronghui, Chen Guanghua. Research on interannual variations of tracks of tropical cyclones over Northwest Pacific and their physical mechanism[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2007, 65(5): 683-694.[黄荣辉, 陈光华. 西北太平洋热带气旋移动路径的年际变化及其机理研究[J].气象学报, 2007, 65(5):683-694.]
[34]Wu Guoxiong, Liu Yimin, Yu Jingjing, et al. Modulation of land-sea distribution on air-sea interaction and formation of subtropical anticyclones[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2008, 32(4): 720-740.[吴国雄, 刘屹岷, 宇婧婧, 等. 海陆分布对海气相互作用的调控和副热带高压的形成[J]. 大气科学, 2008, 32(4): 720-740.]
[35]Chen Guanghua, Huang Ronghui. Dynamical effects of low frequency oscillation on tropical cyclogenesis over the Western North Pacific and the physical mechanisms[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2009, 33(2): 205-214.[陈光华, 黄荣辉. 西北太平洋低频振荡对热带气旋生成的动力作用及其物理机制[J]. 大气科学, 2009, 33(2): 205-214.]
[36]Huang Liwen, Wu Guoxiong, Yu Rucong.The effects of mesoscale air-sea interaction on heavy rain in two typhoon processes[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2005, 63(4): 455-467.[黄立文, 吴国雄, 宇如聪. 中尺度海—气相互作用对台风暴雨过程的影响[J].气象学报, 2005, 63(4): 455-467.]
[37]Huang Yong, Li Chongyin, Wang Ying. Interdecadal variability of tropical cyclone formation in the Northwest Pacific[J]. Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2008, 9(5): 557-564.[黄勇, 李崇银, 王颖. 西北太平洋生成热带气旋的年代际变化[J]. 解放军理工大学学报:自然科学版, 2008, 9(5): 557-564.]
[38]Duan Yihong, Yu Hui, Wu Rongsheng. Review of the research in the intensity change of tropical cyclone[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2005, 63(5): 636-645.[端义宏, 余晖, 伍荣生. 热带气旋强度变化研究进展[J]. 气象学报, 2005, 63(5): 636-645.]
[39]Webster P J, Holland G J, Curry J A, et al. Changes in tropical cyclone number, duration, and intensity in a warming environment[J]. Science, 2005, 309(5 742): 1 844-1 846.
[40]Knutson T R, McBride J L, Chan J, et al. Tropical cyclones and climate change[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2010, 3(3): 157-163.
[41]Han G, Li W, Zhang X, et al. A regional ocean reanalysis system for coastal waters of China and adjacent seas[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2011, 28: 682-690.
[42]Hackert E, Ballabrera-Poy J, Busalacchi A J, et al. Impact of sea surface salinity assimilation on coupled forecasts in the tropical Pacific[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (1978-2012), 2011, 116(C5), doi: 10.1029/2010JC006708.
[43]Tang Y, Kleeman R, Moore A M. SST assimilation experiments in a tropical Pacific Ocean model[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2004, 34(3): 623-642.
[44]Zhu J, Yan C. Nonlinear balance constraints in 3DVAR data assimilation[J]. Science in China(Series D), 2006, 49(3): 331-336.
[45]Klein P, Hua B L, Lapeyre G, et al. Upper ocean turbulence from high-resolution 3D simulations[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2008, 38(8): 1 748-1 763.
[46]Lapeyre G, Klein P. Dynamics of the upper oceanic layers in terms of surface quasigeostrophy theory[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2006, 36(2): 165-176.
[47]McFarquhar G M, Zhang H, Heymsfield G, et al. Factors affecting the evolution of Hurricane Erin (2001) and the distributions of hydrometeors: Role of microphysical processes[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 2006, 63(1): 127-150.
[48]Bender M A, Ginis I, Tuleya R, et al. The operational GFDL coupled hurricane-ocean prediction system and a summary of its performance[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2007, 135(12): 3 965-3 989.
[49]Chen Lianshou. The evolution on research and operational forecasting techniques of tropical cyclones[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2006, 17(6): 672-681.[陈联寿. 热带气旋研究和业务预报技术的发展[J]. 应用气象学报, 2006, 17(6): 672-681.]
[50]Chen Lianshou, Meng Zhiyong. An overview on tropical cyclone research progress in China during the past ten years[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmopsheric Sciences, 2001, 25(3): 420-432.[陈联寿, 孟智勇. 我国热带气旋研究十年进展[J]. 大气科学, 2001, 25(3):420-432.]
[51]Zhang Z, Krishnamurti T N. Ensemble forecasting of hurricane tracks[J].Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 1997, 78(12): 2 785-2 795.

[1]	常明恒, 左洪超, 摆玉龙, 段济开. 两种耦合模糊控制的局地化方法研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2021, 36(2): 185-197.
[2]	刘元波, 吴桂平, 赵晓松, 范兴旺, 潘鑫, 甘国靖, 刘永伟, 郭瑞芳, 周晗, 王颖, 王若男, 崔逸凡. 流域水文遥感的科学问题与挑战[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020, 35(5): 488-496.
[3]	刘娜, 王辉, 凌铁军, 祖子清. 全球业务化海洋预报进展与展望[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(2): 131-140.
[4]	兰鑫宇, 郭子祺, 田野, 雷霞, 王婕. 土壤湿度遥感估算同化研究综述[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(6): 668-679.
[5]	毛伏平, 张述文, 叶丹, 杨茜茜. 模式时间关联误差对集合平方根滤波估算土壤湿度的影响[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(6): 700-708.
[6]	尹剑, 占车生, 顾洪亮, 王飞宇. 基于水文模型的蒸散发数据同化实验研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(9): 1075-1084.
[7]	李春. “风应力强迫下北太平洋副热带环流与大气环流耦合调整的过程与机理”研究成果介绍[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(9): 1064-1066.
[8]	刘彦华，张述文，毛璐，薛宏宇. 评估两类模式对陆面状态的模拟和估算[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(8): 913-922.
[9]	熊春晖，张立凤，关吉平，陶恒锐，苏佳佳. 集合—变分数据同化方法的发展与应用[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(6): 648-656.
[10]	邹立维，周天军. 区域海气耦合模式研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2012, 27(8): 857-865.
[11]	马建文，秦思娴. 数据同化算法研究现状综述[J]. 地球科学进展, 2012, 27(7): 747-757.
[12]	李得勤，段云霞，张述文. 土壤湿度观测、模拟和估算研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2012, 27(4): 424-434.
[13]	摆玉龙, 李新, 韩旭军. 陆面数据同化系统误差问题研究综述[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(8): 795-804.
[14]	李新,摆玉龙. 顺序数据同化的Bayes滤波框架[J]. 地球科学进展, 2010, 25(5): 515-522.
[15]	邢雅娟,刘东生,王鹏新. 遥感信息与作物生长模型的耦合应用研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2009, 24(4): 444-451.

阅读次数

全文

摘要