地球科学进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 801 -813. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.08.0801

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

人类用水活动的气候反馈及其对陆地水循环的影响研究——进展与挑战
谢正辉 1, 2, 3( ),陈思 1, 2, 3,秦佩华 1, 2,贾炳浩 1, 2,谢瑾博 1, 2   
  1. 1. 中国科学院大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京 100029
    2. 中国科学院大气物理研究所, 北京 100029
    3. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-22 修回日期:2019-07-05 出版日期:2019-08-10
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目“人类用水活动的气候反馈及其对中国陆地水循环的影响研究”(41830967);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究计划重点项目“考虑人类活动影响的陆面水文模型与全球气候模式的研制及其在年代际水文预测中的应用”(QYZDY-SSW-DQC012)

Research on Climate Feedback of Human Water Use and Its Impact on Terrestrial Water Cycles Advances and Challenges

Zhenghui Xie 1, 2, 3( ),Si Chen 1, 2, 3,Peihua Qin 1, 2,Binghao Jia 1, 2,Jinbo Xie 1, 2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Beijing 100029,China
    2. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,China
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2019-04-22 Revised:2019-07-05 Online:2019-08-10 Published:2019-10-11
  • About author:Xie Zhenghui (1963-), male, Changsha City, Hu’nan Province, Professor. Research areas include land surface model development and land-atmosphere coupling study. E-mail: zxie@lasg.iap.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project suppored by the Key Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China "Climate feedback of human water use and its impact on China's terrestrial water cycle”(41830967);The Key Research Program of Frontier Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences “Land surface hydrological model considering the impact of human activities and the development of global climate model and its application in interdecadal hydrological prediction”(QYZDY-SSW-DQC012)

陆地水循环受人类活动、太阳辐射和重力作用以及气候与环境条件的影响,控制着淡水资源的供给。调水灌溉、农作物种植收割、地下水开采利用等人类用水活动,引起陆面和大气之间水分和能量交换的变化,对气候产生重要反馈并显著改变陆地水循环过程。总结人类活动对陆地水循环与水资源的影响及气候反馈研究进展,亟需从综合考虑自然和人类活动双重影响下陆地水循环演变及其气候与生态环境效应的分析、模拟与预测方面开展研究,深入认识陆地水循环演变及其在全球变化中的作用;研发考虑人类取水用水、作物种植与灌溉、地下水侧向流动的陆面水文过程模型、区域气候模式、全球陆气耦合模式系统,定量评估人类用水活动的气候反馈及其对陆地水循环过程的影响并探讨其机理,区分人类用水活动与全球气候变化对陆地水循环演变的贡献,揭示气候变化背景下人类活动对陆地水循环的影响及其气候与生态环境效应,并由此提出应对气候变化的水资源适应性管理策略。

The terrestrial water cycle is the mutual transformation of surface and near-surface water, which controls the supply of fresh water resources. It is affected by human activities, solar radiation and gravity, as well as climate and environmental conditions. Inter-basin water transfer, irrigation, crop cultivation and harvesting, exploitation of groundwater water and other human activities lead to the change of spatial and temporal distribution of soil moisture, the underground water level, surface albedo, surface evaporation, as well as water and energy exchange between land surface and atmosphere. Human water use generates important feedback on the climate and changes the processes of the terrestrial water cycle significantly. The spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in China is uneven. In addition, human activities further exacerbate the fragility of water resources and the contradiction between supply and demand, posing a serious challenge to the sustainable development of social economy. Therefore, understanding the laws and mechanisms of terrestrial water cycle change is very important for water resources utilization and human sustainable development. From the perspective of climate change and human activities, this paper summarized the impact of human activities on terrestrial water cycle and the progress of climate feedback research. It is urgent to consider the evolution of terrestrial water cycle and its climate under the dual impact of natural and human activities, and develop the large-scale land surface hydrological models and climate models with human water use, crop planting and irrigation, lateral groundwater flow. From the perspective of a fully coupled system, we need quantitatively to assess the climate feedback of human water use and its impact on the terrestrial water cycle process, and to explore its mechanism. We need to distinguish the contribution of human water activities and global climate change to the evolution of terrestrial water cycle in the context of climate change, and to propose water resources management strategies to address climate change.

中图分类号: 

图1 气候、陆地水循环、人类活动相互作用
Fig.1 Interactions between climate, human activities, and terrestrial water cycles
图2 人类用水活动的气候反馈及其对陆地水循环的影响研究示意图
Fig.2 Research on climate feedback of human water use and its impact on terrestrial water cycles
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