[1] IPCC. Climate change 2007—The physical science basis[M]∥Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth assessment Report. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 2007. [2] IPCC. The scientific basis[M]∥Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. [3] Wang Weibo, Zhao Jinping. Accumulation sea ice concentration and its action on understanding Arctic Sea ice dramatic change[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2014, 29(6): 712-722. [王维波, 赵进平. 累积海冰密集度及其在认识北极海冰快速变化的作用[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(6):712-722.] [4] Shao Qiuli, Zhao Jinping. On the deep water of the Nordic Sea[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2014, 29(1): 42-55. [邵秋丽, 赵进平. 北欧海深层水的研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014,29(1): 42-55.] [5] Liu J M, Song M R, Horton R M, et al. Reducing spread in climate model projections of a september ice-free Arctic[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013, 110(31): 12 571-12 576. [6] Gramberg I, Kulakov Y N, Pogrebitsky Y E, et al. Arctic Oil and Gas Super Basin[C]. London: World Petroleum Congress, 1983. [7] Anthony K M W, Roberts G, Rapsomanikis S, et al. Geologic methane seeps along boundaries of Arctic permafrost thaw and melting glaciers[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2012, 5(6): 419-426. [8] Zhu Renbin, Sun Liguang. Concentrations and emissions of greenhouse gases and climatic change in polar region[J]. Advances in Polar Science, 2002, 24(4): 79-86. [朱仁斌, 孙立广. 极区温室气体浓度和排放与气候变化[J]. 极地研究, 2002, 24(4): 79-86.] [9] Kvenvolden K, Lilley M D, Lorenson T D, et al. The Beaufort Sea continental shelf as a seasonal source of atmospheric methane[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 1993, 20(22): 2 459-2 462. [10] Lammers S, Suess E, Hovland M. A large methane plume east of Bear Island (Barents Sea): Implications for the marine methane cycle[J]. Geologische Rundschau, 1995, 84(1): 59-66. [11] Damm E, Mackensen A, Budéus G, et al. Pathways of methane in seawater: Plume spreading in an Arctic shelf environment (SW-Spitsbergen)[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2005, 25(12/13): 1 453-1 472. [12] Damm E, Schauer U, Rudels B, et al. Excess of bottom-released methane in an Arctic Shelf Sea polynya in winter[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2007, 27(12): 1 692-1 701. [13] Shakhova N, Semiletov I, Panteleev G. The distribution of methane on the Siberian Arctic shelves: Implications for the marine methane cycle[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2005, 32: 9 601. [14] Shakhova N, Semiletov I. Methane release and coastal environment in the East Siberian Arctic Shelf[J]. Journal of Marine Systems, 2007, 66(1/4): 227-243. [15] Shakhova N, Ivanovich V. The contribution of the East Siberian shelf to the modern methane cycle[J]. Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2009, 79(3): 237-246. [16] Shakhova N, Semiletov I, Salyuk A, et al. Extensive methane venting to the atmosphere from sediments of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf[J]. Science, 2010, 327(5 970): 1 246-1 250. [17] Westbrook G K, Thatcher K E, Rohling E J, et al. Escape of methane gas from the seabed along the West Spitsbergen continental margin[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2009, 36(15): L15608,doi:10.1029/2009GL039191. [18] Gentz T, Damm E, von Deimling J S, et al. A water column study of methane around gas flares located at the West Spitsbergen continental margin[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2014, 72: 107-118. [19] Savvichev A, Rusanov I, Pimenov N, et al. Microbial processes of the carbon and sulfur cycles in the Chukchi Sea[J]. Microbiology, 2007, 76(5): 603-613. [20] He X, Sun L, Xie Z, et al. Sea ice in the Arctic Ocean: Role of shielding and consumption of methane[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2013, 67: 8-13. [21] Zhou H, Yin X, Yang Q, et al. Distribution, source and flux of methane in the western Pearl River Estuary and northern South China Sea[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2009, 117(1): 21-31. [22] Zhang G, Zhang J, Kang Y, et al. Distributions and fluxes of methane in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea in spring[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2004, 109(C7): C07011, doi:10.1029/2004JC002268. [23] Tilbrook B D, Karl D M. Methane sources, distributions and sinks from California coastal waters to the oligotrophic North Pacific gyre[J]. Marine Chemistry, 1995, 49(1): 51-64. [24] Watanabe S, Higashitani N, Tsurushima N, et al. Methane in the western North Pacific[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 1995, 51(1): 39-60. [25] Forster G, Upstill-Goddard R C, Gist N, et al. Nitrous oxide and methane in the Atlantic Ocean between 50°N and 52°S: Latitudinal distribution and sea-to-air flux[J]. Deep Sea Research Part II:Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2009, 56(15): 964-976. [26] Oudot C, Jean-Baptiste P, Fourré E, et al. Transatlantic equatorial distribution of nitrous oxide and methane[J]. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2002, 49(7): 1 175-1 193. [27] Jayakumar D, Naqvi S W A, Narvekar P V, et al. Methane in coastal and offshore waters of the Arabian Sea[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2001, 74(1): 1-13. [28] Upstill-Goddard R, Barnes J, Owens N J. Nitrous oxide and methane during the 1994 SW monsoon in the Arabian Sea/northwestern Indian Ocean[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (1978-2012), 1999, 104(C12): 30 067-30 084. [29] Kitidis V, Upstill-Goddard R C, Anderson L G. Methane and nitrous oxide in surface water along the North-West Passage, Arctic Ocean[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2010, 121(1/4): 80-86. [30] Fisher R, Sriskantharajah S, Lowry D, et al. Arctic methane sources: Isotopic evidence for atmospheric inputs[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2011, 38(21): L21803,doi:10.1029/2011GL049319. [31] Kort E, Wofsy S, Daube B, et al. Atmospheric observations of Arctic Ocean methane emissions up to 82°north[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2012, 5(5): 318-321. [32] Wanninkhof R. Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the ocean[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (1978-2012), 1992, 97(C5): 7 373-7 382. [33] Bates T S, Kelly K H, Johnson J E, et al. A reevaluation of the open ocean source of methane to the atmosphere[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1996, 101(D3): 6 953-6 961. [34] Reeburgh W S. Oceanic methane biogeochemistry[J]. Chemical Reviews, 2007, 38(20): 486-513. [35] Weller D, Law C, Marriner A, et al. Temporal variation of dissolved methane in a subtropical mesoscale eddy during a phytoplankton bloom in the southwest Pacific Ocean[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 2013, 116: 193-206. [36] Yu Wen, He Jianhua, Li Yiliang, et al. 210 Pb-derived organic carbon deposition flux on the north chukchi shelf[J]. Advances in Polar Science, 2012, 24(4): 391-396. [余雯, 何建华, 李奕良,等. 基于 210 Pb测年法的楚科奇海陆架北缘有机碳沉积通量研究[J]. 极地研究, 2012, 24(4): 391-396.] [37] Hao Yu, Long Jiangping. Biogeochemical characteristics of organic carbon in surface sediments from the Chukchi Sea[J]. Advances in Marine Science, 2007, 2007, 25(1): 63-72. [郝玉, 龙江平. 北极楚科奇海海底表层沉积物有机碳的生物地球化学特征[J]. 海洋科学进展, 2007, 25(1): 63-72.] [38] Moran K, Backman J, Brinkhuis H, et al. The Cenozoic palaeoenvironment of the Arctic Ocean[J]. Nature, 2006, 441(7 093): 601-605. [39] Grebmeier J M, Cooper L W, Feder H M, et al. Ecosystem dynamics of the Pacific-influenced northern Bering and Chukchi Seas in the Amerasian Arctic[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 2006,71(2): 331-361. [40] He Jianhua, Yu Wen, Yin Mingduan. Study on the burial organic carbon in the sedmients of continental Chukchi Sea[J]. Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait, 2010, 29(2): 277-282. [何建华, 余雯, 尹明端. 楚科奇海陆架有机碳埋藏研究[J]. 台湾海峡, 2010, 29(2): 277-282.] [41] Chen Min, Huang Yipu, Guo Laodong, et al. The Arctic Ocean: Desert of biological productivity?[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2002,47(9): 707-710. [陈敏, 黄奕普, 郭劳动, 等. 北冰洋: 生物生产力的沙漠?[J]. 科学通报, 2002, 47(9): 707-710.] [42] Savvichev A, Rusanov I, Yusupov S, et al. The biogeochemical cycle of methane in the coastal zone and littoral of the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea[J]. Microbiology, 2004, 73(4):457-468. [43] Bates T S, Kelly K C, Johnson J E. Concentrations and fluxes of dissolved biogenic gases (DMS, CH 4 , CO, CO 2 ) in the equatorial Pacific during the SAGA 3 experiment[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1993, 98(D9): 16 969-16 977. [44] Karl D M, Beversdorf L, Björkman K M, et al. Aerobic production of methane in the sea[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2008, 1(7): 473-478. [45] Karl D M, Tilbrook B D. Production and transport of methane in oceanic particulate organic matter[J]. Nature,1994, 368(21):732-734. [46] Cynar F, Yayanos J A. Enrichment and characterization of a methanogenic bacterium from the oxic upper layer of the ocean[J]. Current Microbiology, 1991, 23(2): 89-96. [47] Damm E, Helmke E, Thoms S, et al. Methane production in aerobic oligotrophic surface water in the central Arctic Ocean[J]. Biogeosciences, 2010, 7(3): 1 099-1 108. [48] Keppler F, Boros M, Frankenberg C, et al. Methane formation in aerobic environments[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2009, 6(6): 459-465. [49] Kiene R P. Production and consumption of methane in aquatic systems[M]∥Rogers J E, Whitman W B, eds. Microbial Production and Consumption of Greenhouse Gases: Methane, Nitrogen Oxides and Halomethanes. Washington DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1991: 111-146. [50] Oremland R S. Methanogenic activity in plankton samples and fish intestines: A mechanism for in situ methanogenesis in oceanic surface waters[J]. Limnology Oceanography, 1979, 24(6): 1 136-1 141. [51] Alldredge A L, Cohen Y. Can microscale chemical patches persist in the sea? Microelectrode study of marine snow, fecal pellets[J]. Science, 1987, 235(4 789): 689-691. [52] Sieburth J. Contrary habitats for redox-specific processes: Methanogenesis in oxic waters and oxidation in anoxic waters[C]∥Sleigh M A, ed. Microbes in the Sea. Chichester: Ellis Horwood,1987: 11-38. [53] Bianchi M, Marty D, Teyssie J, et al. Strictly aerobic and anaerobic-bacteria associated with sinking particulate matter and zooplankton fecal pellets[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1992, 88(1): 55-60. [54] Holmes M E, Sansone F J, Rust T M,et al. Methane production, consumption, and air-sea exchange in the open ocean: An Evaluation based on carbon isotopic ratios[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2000, 14(1): 1-10. [55] Ditchfield A K, Wilson S T, Hart M C, et al. Identification of putative methylotrophic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens within sedimenting material and copepod faecal pellets[J]. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 2012, 67(2): 151-160. [56] Welsh D T. Ecological significance of compatible solute accumulation by micro-organisms: From single cells to global climate[J]. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 2000, 24(3): 263-290. [57] Damm E, Kiene R, Schwarz J, et al. Methane cycling in Arctic shelf water and its relationship with phytoplankton biomass and DMSP[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2008, 109(1): 45-59. [58] Florez-Leiva L, Damm E, Farías L. Methane production induced by dimethylsulfide in surface water of an upwelling ecosystem[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 2013, 112: 38-48. [59] Damm E, Thoms S, Kattner G, et al. Coexisting methane and oxygen excesses in nitrate-limited polar water (Fram Strait) during ongoing sea ice melting[J]. Biogeosciences Discussions, 2011, 8(3): 5 179-5 195. [60] Metcalf W W, Griffin B M, Cicchillo R M, et al. Synthesis of methylphosphonic acid by marine microbes: A source for methane in the aerobic ocean[J]. Science, 2012, 337(6 098): 1 104-1 107. [61] Ward B, Kilpatrick K, Novelli P, et al. Methane oxidation and methane fluxes in the ocean surface layer and deep anoxic waters[J]. Nature, 1987, 327(6 119): 226-229. [62] Ward B, Kilpatrick K, Wopat A, et al. Methane oxidation in Saanich Inlet during summer stratification[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1989, 9(1): 65-75. [63] Comiso J C, Parkinson C L, Gersten R, et al. Accelerated decline in the Arctic sea ice cover[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2008, 35: L01703, doi:10.1029/2007GL031972. [64] Stroeve J, Holland M M, Meier W,et al. Arctic sea ice decline: Faster than forecast[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2007, 34(9): L09501, doi:10.1029/2007GL029703. [65] Shakhova N, Semiletov I, Leifer I, et al. Geochemical and geophysical evidence of methane release over the East Siberian Arctic Shelf[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2010,115(C8): C08007,doi:10.1029/2009JC005602. |