海冰反照率参数化方案的研究回顾

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.01.0014

地球科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 14 -21. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.01.0014

海冰反照率参数化方案的研究回顾

杨清华 ^1,2;张占海 ³;刘骥平 ⁴;吴辉碇 ^1,3 ;张林 ¹

1.国家海洋环境预报中心，北京100081；2.国家海洋局第二海洋研究所，浙江杭州310012；3.中国极地研究中心国家海洋局极地科学重点实验室，上海200136；4.中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室，北京100029

收稿日期:2009-07-06 修回日期:2009-10-19 出版日期:2010-01-10
通讯作者: 杨清华 E-mail:yqh@nmefc.gov.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目“北极海冰快速变化及其天气气候效应”（编号：40930848）；国家科技支撑计划重点项目“南大洋海冰监测与冰—海耦合模式研究”（编号：2006BAB18B03）；国际极地年中国行动专项项目“北极冰—气能量交换过程及通量参数化方法研究”（编号：IPY2008-P0504002-03）资助.

Review of Sea Ice Albedo Parameterizations

YANG Qinghua ^1,2, ZHANG Zhanhai ³, LIU Jiping ⁴, WU Huiding ^1,3, ZHANG Lin ¹

1.National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing100081, China;2.Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou310012, China; 3.Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai200136, China; 4.State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100029, China

Received:2009-07-06 Revised:2009-10-19 Online:2010-01-10 Published:2010-01-10
Contact: Qinghua Yang E-mail:yqh@nmefc.gov.cn

在全球变暖的背景下,北极海冰在发生快速变化，海冰覆盖范围明显减小，厚度显著变薄，积雪/海冰—反照率正反馈机制在此背景下变得愈发重要。气候系统和单一海冰模式采用了从简单到复杂的海冰反照率参数化方案。首先对模式中的海冰反照率参数化进行了回顾，并结合对现有卫星反照率产品问题的分析，概述了前人对参数化的评估研究工作。在此基础上进一步讨论了气候模式中海冰反照率参数化方案存在的问题，一方面目前的反照率参数化对海冰融池和冰间水道等物理过程的考虑还不够完善，另一方面反照率参数化方案的发展受到观测数据可用性的制约。最后对参数化的发展方向进行了初步探讨。

关键词: 海冰, 反照率, 参数化, 气候模式

Associated with global warming, the Arctic sea ice has been undergoing rapid changes for the three decades, including the decline of sea ice extent and thinning of sea ice thickness. As a result, the snow/sea ice-albedo positive feedback mechanism is becoming more and more important. Currently, a diversity of sea ice albedo parameterizations are used in climate system models and standalone sea ice models, ranging from simple to complex. In this paper, we reviewed previous studies on the evaluations of the snow/ice albedo parameterizations, and discussed some problems of the satellitederived surface albedo for the ice covered ocean. We put forward some ongoing issues related to further developments of the albedo parameterizations as climate warms, including melt ponds and leads. Also, we discussed the potential impacts of the lack of observational data on the development of the albedo parameterization.

Key words: Sea ice, Albedo, Parameterization, Climate model

中图分类号:

P715.7
P722

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