大陆风化与全球气候变化

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2001.03.0399

“构造隆升驱动气候变化”的假说是当前解释新生代以来全球气候变冷的主流观点。该假说把新生代以来发生的几个主要现象,即全球气候总体上趋冷,大气CO₂浓度下降,海洋⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr比值上升,以及构造作用引起的大面积隆升等加以有机的联系,给以了合理的解释。近几年围绕大陆风化和全球气候变化问题取得了一些新的进展,主要是对发源于喜马拉雅山的河流进行研究,探讨青藏高原隆起对于大陆风化速率的影响。这些争论主要是有关硅酸盐风化还是碳酸盐风化,有机碳的风化与埋藏,大陆风化与大气温度,大气CO₂浓度与大气温度等问题。最后介绍了我国研究人员在黄土高原的黄土沉积地层所作的研究工作和取得的成果。

关键词: 新生代气候变化, 大陆风化, 海洋Sr同位素, 青藏高原, 大气CO₂浓度

The paper introduces the dominant opinion interpreting the cooling of the global climate since the Cenozoic—the hypothesis of “the climatic change driven by tectonic lift”. The main events since the Cenozoic include: (1) cooling of the global climate;(2) decrease of concentration of the atmospheric CO₂;(3) ascent of the marine⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, and (4) lift of a large areas driven by tectonics. The four events and the connection between them are explained reasonably by the above hypothesis. The paper also introduces the recent advances in researches on the continental weathering and the global climatic change, and the controversies about silicate or carbonate weathering, weathering and burying of organic carbon, the continental weathering and temperature, concentration of the atmospheric CO₂ and temperature. For the above questions, the results in the Loess Plateau derived by the Chinese researches are introduced also.

Key words: Tibet Plateau, Concentration of the atmospheric CO₂., Climatic change of Cenozoic, Continental weathering, Marine⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio

中图分类号:

X142

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摘要

THE CONTINENTAL WEATHERING AND THE GLOBAL CLIMATIC CHANGE