〔1〕Veizer J,Hoefs J.The nature of O18/O16 and C13/C12secular trends in sedimentary carbonate rocks. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1976,40:1 387~1 395. 〔2〕Veizer J,Fritz P,Jones B.Geochemistry of brachiopods: oxygen and carbon isotopic records of Paleozoic oceans. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1986,40: 1 679~1 696. 〔3〕Popp B N,Anderson T F,Sandberg P A.Brachiopods as indicators of original isotopic compositions in some Paleozoic limestones. GSA Bull,1986,97:1 262~1 269. 〔4〕Popp B N,Anderson T F,Sandberg P A.Textural, elemental and isotopic variations among constituents in Middle Devonian Limestones,North America. J Sedim Petrol,1986,56:715~727. 〔5〕Lohmann K C,Walker J C G.Theδ18O record of Phanerozoic abiotic marine calcite cements. Geophys Res Lett,1989,16:319~322. 〔6〕Walker J G C,Lohmann K C.Why the oxygen isotopic composition of seawater changes through time. Geophys Res Lett,1989,16:323~326. 〔7〕Carpenter S J,Lohmann K C,Holden P,et al.δ18O values,87Sr/86Sr and Sr/Mg ratios of Late Devonian abiotic marine calcite: implications for the composition of ancient seawater.Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1991,55:1 991~2 010. 〔8〕Wadleigh M A,Veizer J.18O/16O and13C/12C in lower Paleozoic articulate brachiopods: Implication for the isotopic composition of seawater. Geochim Cosmochun Acta,1992,56:431~443. 〔9〕Qing H,Veizer J.Oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of Ordovician brachiopods: Implications for coeval sea water.Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1994,58:4 429~4 442. 〔10〕Veizer J.Reply to the Comment by L S Land on“Oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of Ordovician brachiopods: implications for coeval seawater”. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1995,59:2 845~2 846. 〔11〕Karhu J,Epstein S.The implication of the oxygen isotope records in coexisting cherts and phosphates. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1986,50:1 745~1 756. 〔12〕Land L S.Comment on“Oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of Ordovician brachiopods: implications for coeval seawater”by H Qing &J Veizer. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1995,59:2 843~2 844. 〔13〕Muehlenbachs K,Clayton R N.Oxygen isotope composition of the oceanic crust and its bearing on seawater. J Geophys Res,1976,81:4 365~4 369. 〔14〕Gregory R T,Taylor HP.An oxygen isotope profile in a section of Cretaceous oceanic crust, Samoil Ophiolite, Oman:evidence for18O buffering of the oceans by deep (≥5 km)seawater hydrothermal circulation at midocean ridges. J Geophys Res,1981,86:2 737~2 755. 〔15〕Degens E T,Epstein S.Relationship between O18/O16 ratios in coexisting carbonates, cherts and diatomites. Amer Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,1962,46:534~542. 〔16〕Hoffman S E,Wilson M,Stakes D S.Inferred oxygen isotope profile of Archaean oceanic crust, Onverwacht Group, South Africa. Nature,1986,321:55~58. 〔17〕Land L S,Lynch F L.δ18O values of mudrocks: More evidence for an18O—buffered ocean. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1996,60:3 347~3 352. 〔18〕Brand U,Veizer J.Chemical diagenesis of a multicomponent carbonate system—1: trace elements. J Sediment Petrol,1980,50:1 219~1 236. 〔19〕Brand U,Veizer J.Chemical diagenesis of a multicomponent carbonate system—2: stable isotopes. J Sediment Petrol,1981,51:987~997. 〔20〕Veizer J.Chemical diagenesis of carbonate rocks: theory and application of trace element technique. In: Arthur M A,Anderson T F,Kaplan I R,et al. Stable Isotopes in Sedimentary Geology.1983, III/1 - III/100. short Course Notes 10,SEPM. 〔21〕Veizer J.Trace elements and isotopes in sedimentary carbonates. Reviews in Mineralogy,1983,11:265~300. 〔22〕Bruckschen P,Bruhn F,Meijer,et al.Diagenetic alteration of calcitic fossil shells: Proton microprobe (PIXE) as a trace element tool. Nuclear Inst Methods Phys Res,1995(B),104:427~431. 〔23〕Pierson B J.The control of cathodoluminescence in ddomite by iron and manganese. Sedimentology,1981,28:601~610. 〔24〕Maliva R G,Dickson J A P,Raheim A.Modelling of chalk diagenisis (Eldfish, Norwegian North Sea) using whole rock and laser ablation stable isotope data. Geol Mag,1991,128(1):43~49. 〔25〕Rush P F,Chafetz H S.Fabric-retentive, non-luminescent brachiopods as indicators of original δ13C and δ18O composition: A test. J Sediment Petrol,1990,60:968~981. 〔26〕Banner J L,Kaufman J.The isotopic record of ocean chemistry and diagenesis preserved in non-luminescent brachiopods from Mississippian carbonate rocks, Illinois and Missouri. Geological Society of American Bulletin, 1994,106:1 074~1 082. 〔27〕Weber J N,Raup D M.Fractionation of the stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen in marine organisms—the Echinoidea,Part 1: Variation of C13and O18content within individuals.Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1966,33:19~38. 〔28〕Weber J N.Possible changes in the isotopic composition of the oceanic and atmospheric carbon reservoir over geologic time. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1967,31,2 343~2 351. 〔29〕Weber J N,Woodhead P M J.Factors effecting the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of marine carbonate sediments—II, Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia.Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1969,33:19~38. 〔30〕Weber J N,Woodhead P M J.Carbon and oxygen isotope fractionation in the skeletal carbonate of reef-building corals. Chem Geol,1970,6:93~117. 〔31〕Erez J.Vital effect on stable isotope compositions seen in foraminifera and coral skeletond. Nature,1978,273:199~202. 〔32〕McConnaughey T.13C and 18O isotopic disequilibrium in biological carbonates: I Patterns. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1989,53:151~162. 〔33〕McConnaughey T.13C and 18O isotopic disequilibrium in biological carbonates: II In vitro simulation of kinetic isotope effects. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1989,53:163~171. 〔34〕Fastoysky D E,Arthur M A,Strater N H,et al.Freshwater bivalves (Unionidae), disequilibrium isotopic fractionation and temperature. Palaios,1993,8:602~608. 〔35〕Lowenstam H A.Mineralogy, O18/O16 ratios and strontium and magnesium contents of recent and fossil brachiopods and their bearing on the history of the oceans. J Geol,1961,69:241~260. 〔36〕Grossman E L,Zhang C,Yancey T E.Stable isotope stratigraphy of brachiopods from Pennsylvanian shales in Texas.GSA Bull,1991,103:953~965. 〔37〕Lepzelter C G,Anderson T F,Sandberg P A.Stable isotope variation in modern articulate brachiopods (abstr) Bull.Amer Assoc Petroleum Geologists,1983,67:500~501. 〔38〕Carpenter S J,Lohmann K G.δ18O and δ13C values of modern brachiopod shells. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1995,59:3749~3 764. 〔39〕Fursich F T,Hurst J M.Environmental factors determining the distribution of brachiopods. Palaeontology,1974,17:879~900. 〔40〕Bates N R,Brand U.Depositional and taxonomic control of elemental and isotopic contents of Middle Devonian Hamilton Group brachiopods, New York State and Ontario. Geol Assoc Can-Mineral Assoc Can, Joint Annu Meet, Prog Abstr,1990,15:A7. 〔41〕Bates N R,Brand U.Biogeochemistry of Lower Paleozoic brachiopods: Paleoenvironmental and secular oceanic variation.Geol Assoc Can-Mineral Assoc Can, Joint Annu Meet, Prog Abstr,1990,15:A8. 〔42〕Bates N R,Brand U.Environmental and physiological influences on isotopic and elemental compositions of brachiopod shell calcite: implications for the isotopic evolution of Paleozoic oceans. Chem Geol,1991,94:67~78. 〔43〕Given R K,Lohmann K C.Derivation of the original isotopic composition of Permian marine cements. J Sediment Petrol,1985,55:430~439. 〔44〕Popp B N,Podosek F A,Brannon J C,et al.87Sr/86Sr ratio in Permo-Carboniferous sea water from the analyses of well preserved brachiopod shells. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1986,50:1 321~1 328. 〔45〕Prezbindwski D.Microsumpling technique for stable isotopic analysis of carbonates. J Sediment Petrol,1980,50:643~644. 〔46〕Talent J A,Mawson R,Andrew A S,et al. Middle Palaeozoic extinction events: Faunal and isotopic data. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol,1993,104:139~152. 〔47〕Wenzel B,Joachimski M M.Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of Silurian brachiopods (Gotland/Sweden): Palaeoceanograhic implications. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol,1996,122:143~166. 〔48〕Bickert T,Patzold J,Samtleben C,et al.Paleoenvironmental changes in the Silurian indicated by stable isotopes in brachiopod shells from Gotland, Sweden. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1997,61:2 717~2 730. |