地球科学进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1380 -1393. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2025.100

气候变化响应与绿色能源潜力 上一篇    下一篇

气温与降水协同作用对奈曼旗土壤微生物生物量碳的影响
姜琳子1(), 贾炳浩1(), 潘成臣2,3   
  1. 1.中国科学院大气物理研究所 地球系统数值模拟与应用全国重点实验室,北京 100029
    2.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 奈曼沙漠化研究站,内蒙古 通辽 028300
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-22 修回日期:2025-11-07 出版日期:2025-12-10
  • 通讯作者: 贾炳浩 E-mail:jianglinzi@mail.iap.ac.cn;bhjia@mail.iap.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(U24A20573);国家自然科学基金项目(42322502)

Effects of the Synergistic Interaction Between Temperature and Precipitation on Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon in Naiman Banner

Linzi JIANG1(), Binghao JIA1(), Chengchen PAN2,3   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
    2.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    3.Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tongliao Inner Mongolia 028300, China
  • Received:2025-09-22 Revised:2025-11-07 Online:2025-12-10 Published:2026-01-17
  • Contact: Binghao JIA E-mail:jianglinzi@mail.iap.ac.cn;bhjia@mail.iap.ac.cn
  • About author:JIANG Linzi, research area includes soil microbial ecology. E-mail: jianglinzi@mail.iap.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20573)

气温与降水是影响我国干旱半干旱地区生态水文过程的关键气候要素,二者的协同作用对土壤微生物过程的影响仍需进一步明确。以中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼沙漠化研究站的长期观测数据为支撑,选取科尔沁沙地草甸风沙土为研究对象,定量评估了气温与降水协同作用对土壤微生物生物量碳的影响。结果表明,气温与降水协同作用以土壤湿度为关键中介,通过“气温降水协同—土壤湿度响应—土壤微生物反馈”的核心路径实现对土壤微生物生物量碳的动态调控,且土壤湿度0.019 m3/m3可作为不同气温与降水协同类型的临界判别值。当“气温升高、降水增多”时,升温加剧土壤蒸发,而降水补充未能抵消蒸发损耗,引发干旱胁迫,抑制微生物生物量碳积累;当“气温降低、降水减少”时,降温减弱蒸发,降水减少抑制水分深层渗透,使表层土壤湿度维持适宜状态,促进微生物生物量碳积累。研究结果有助于加深对不同气候要素协同作用影响干旱半干旱区土壤微生物过程的理解,也对认知沙地土壤碳循环过程具有重要价值。

Temperature and precipitation are key climatic factors regulating ecohydrological processes in arid and semi-arid regions of China. However, the impacts of their synergistic effects on soil microbial processes remain to be further clarified. Based on long-term observational data from the Naiman National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, this study focused on meadow aeolian sandy soil in the Horqin Sandy Land to quantitatively evaluate the synergistic effects of temperature and precipitation on soil microbial biomass carbon. The results indicated that the synergistic effect of temperature and precipitation is mediated by soil moisture as a critical intermediate, which regulates the dynamics of soil microbial biomass carbon through the core pathway: “temperature-precipitation synergy—soil moisture response—soil microbial feedback”. Furthermore, a soil moisture content of 0.019 m3/m3 can serve as the critical threshold for distinguishing different types of temperature-precipitation synergistic interactions. Under the scenario of “increased temperature and increased precipitation”, rising temperatures dominate and enhance soil evaporation. Precipitation supplementation fails to offset evaporative losses, resulting in drought stress that inhibits the accumulation of microbial biomass carbon. In contrast, under the scenario of “decreased temperature and decreased precipitation”, reduced temperatures weaken evaporation, while decreased precipitation suppresses deep water infiltration—thus maintaining surface soil moisture at an optimal state and facilitating the accumulation of microbial biomass carbon. This study not only deepens the understanding of how the synergistic effects of multiple climatic factors modulate soil microbial processes in arid and semi-arid regions but also provides significant insights for elucidating soil carbon cycle processes in sandy land ecosystems.

中图分类号: 

表1 奈曼旗气温与降水协同作用类型的判定及分类
Table 1 Determination and classification of synergistic effect types between temperature and precipitation in Naiman Banner
表2 奈曼旗不同月份对应的气温与降水协同作用类型
Table 2 Synergistic types of temperature and precipitation corresponding to different months in Naiman Banner
图1 两类气温与降水协同作用下的气候与环境基本特征
Fig. 1 Basic climatic and environmental characteristics under two types of temperature and precipitation synergistic effects
表3 气温、降水、土壤环境因子与土壤微生物生物量碳Pearson相关性分析
Table 3 Pearson correlation analysis matrix of temperatureprecipitationsoil environmental factorsand soil microbial biomass carbon
图2 不同气温与降水协同条件下土壤湿度与微生物生物量碳的线性回归
(a)气温升高、降水增多;(b)气温降低、降水减少。
Fig. 2 Linear regression between soil moisture and microbial biomass carbon under different synergistic conditions of temperature and precipitation
(a) Increased temperature and increased precipitation; (b) Decreased temperature and decreased precipitation.
图3 不同协同作用下气温、降水及二者交互(气温×降水)对土壤温度和土壤湿度的贡献程度
Fig. 3 Contributions of temperatureprecipitationand their interactiontemperature×precipitationto soil temperature and soil moisture under different synergistic conditions
图4 “气温升高、降水增多”情境下纳入土壤有机碳和氮的路径相对贡献
Fig. 4 Relative contributions of paths incorporating soil organic carbon and nitrogen under increased temperature and precipitation scenarios
图5 土壤微生物生物量碳受土壤湿度影响的临界值
Fig. 5 Critical threshold of soil microbial biomass carbon affected by soil moisture
图6 不同协同作用类型下气温、降水、气温×降水交互与土壤温度、土壤湿度、微生物生物量碳关系的结构方程模型
红色路径系数代表正相关,蓝色路径系数代表负相关。RMR:均方根残差,AIC:赤池信息准则。显著性水平:***p < 0.001,**p < 0.01。
Fig. 6 Structural equation models illustrating the relationships among temperatureprecipitationtemperature×precipitation interactionsoil water contentsoil nutrientsand microbial biomass carbon under different synergy types
Red path coefficients indicate positive correlations, while blue path coefficients indicate negative correlations. RMR:Root Mean square Residual, AIC: Akaike Information Criterion. Significance levels: ***p < 0.001,**p < 0.01.
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