地球科学进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 168 -182. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2022.073

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

东亚干旱半干旱区水汽来源研究进展
龚咏琪 1( ), 于海鹏 2 , 3( ), 周洁 1, 任钰 1, 魏韵 1, 程姗岭 1, 杨耀先 2 , 3, 罗红羽 2 , 3 , 4   
  1. 1.兰州大学大气科学学院 半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院西北 生态环境资源研究院 寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.中国科学院西北生态 环境资源研究院 那曲高寒气候环境观测研究站,西藏 那曲 852000
    4.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-27 修回日期:2022-11-04 出版日期:2023-02-10
  • 通讯作者: 于海鹏 E-mail:gongyq21@lzu.edu.cn;yuhp@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目“干旱区气候变化及其预估预测”(42122034);国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于水循环过程的西北地区气候干湿变化及其机制研究”(42075043)

Review on Water Vapor Sources in Drylands of East Asia

Yongqi GONG 1( ), Haipeng YU 2 , 3( ), Jie ZHOU 1, Yu REN 1, Yun WEI 1, Shanling CHENG 1, Yaoxian YANG 2 , 3, Hongyu LUO 2 , 3 , 4   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Semi-arid Climate Change, Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    3.Nagqu Station of Plateau Climate and Environment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nagqu Xizang, 852000, China
    4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2022-09-27 Revised:2022-11-04 Online:2023-02-10 Published:2023-03-02
  • Contact: Haipeng YU E-mail:gongyq21@lzu.edu.cn;yuhp@lzb.ac.cn
  • About author:GONG Yongqi (1998-), female, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, Master student. Research areas include water vapor tracer in arid and semi-arid zones. E-mail: gongyq21@lzu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Climate change and projection in arid areas”(42122034);“Study on the dry and wet climate change and its mechanism in Northwest China based on the water cycle process”(42075043)

气候增暖背景下,东亚干旱半干旱区降水发生了显著变化,水汽输送变化对该区域降水异常具有重要作用。回顾和梳理了近年来关于东亚干旱半干旱区的水汽来源的研究,重点关注外部水汽输送来源、季节差异以及局地蒸散发变化,讨论并展望了未来研究方向。现有研究表明,来自孟加拉湾—印度洋、南海、西太平洋和欧亚大陆陆地蒸散发的水汽分别通过南亚季风、南海季风、副热带季风和中纬度西风带传输至东亚干旱半干旱区,夏季以来自南海和西太平洋的水汽占主导,冬季基本取决于西风所携带的水汽含量。1979年以来,东亚干旱半干旱区年降水再循环率均呈现增加趋势,季节尺度夏季的再循环率高于冬季。未来主导东亚干旱半干旱区水汽输送特别是夏季水汽输送进而影响降水的源地以及路径需要进一步验证,量化外部输入水汽和内部蒸散发水汽相对贡献的研究或将成为未来研究热点,全球变暖背景下降水水汽来源变化仍需进行更为深入的研究探讨。

In the context of global warming and climate change, significant changes in precipitation have occurred in the drylands of East Asia, where water vapor transport has a significant impact on precipitation anomalies. Recent studies on water vapor sources in the drylands of East Asia have been reviewed and analyzed, focusing on external water vapor transport sources, seasonal differences, and internal evapotranspiration variations. Future research directions are discussed and predicted. Existing studies show that water vapor from the Bay of Bengal–Indian Ocean, the South China Sea, the western Pacific Ocean, and the Eurasian continent are transported to the semi-arid regions of East Asia by the South Asian, South China Sea, and subtropical monsoons, and the mid-latitude westerly wind belt; the water vapor from the South China Sea and the western Pacific Ocean dominates during summer and depends on the water vapor content carried by the westerly winds during winter. Since 1979, the annual precipitation recirculation rate in semi-arid regions of East Asia has been increasing, and the recirculation rate in summer is higher than that in winter on a seasonal scale. The sources and paths that dominate water vapor transport in the drylands of East Asia, particularly summer water vapor transport, need to be further verified. Quantifying the relative contributions of the external water vapor input and internal water vapor evaporation may become a future research topic. Furthermore, the relationship between global changes and changes in precipitation water vapor sources must be analyzed in depth.

中图分类号: 

图1 中东亚干旱半干旱区示意图
Fig. 1 Map of the drylands of Central and East Asia
图2 东亚干旱半干旱区水分来源示意图
(a)夏季水汽主要来自于(1)西太平洋 30 - 31 43 - 44 、(2)南海 25 28 - 29 43 - 44 、(3)阿拉伯海 46 - 49 、(4)印度洋 27 46 - 50 、(5)欧亚大陆蒸散发 32 36 44 47 ,其中(1)、(2)占主导 34 - 35 46 ;(b)冬季水汽主要来自于(1)西太平洋 25 、(2)南海 42 、(3)孟加拉湾 42 、(4)印度洋 47 - 50 、(5)欧亚大陆蒸散发 21 37 - 41 ,其中(5)占主导 45
Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of moisture sources in drylands of East Asia
(a) Summer water vapor mainly comes from (1) the western Pacific Ocean 30 - 31 43 - 44 , (2) South China Sea 25 28 - 29 43 - 44 , (3) Arabian Sea 46 - 49 , (4) Indian Ocean 27 46 - 50 , and (5) Eurasian evapotranspiration 32 36 44 47 , of which (1) and (2) are dominant 34 - 35 46 ; (b) Winter water vapor mainly comes from (1) the western Pacific Ocean 25 , (2) South China Sea 42 , (3) Bay of Bengal 42 , (4) Indian Ocean 47 - 50 , and (5) Eurasian evapotranspiration 21 37 - 41 , of which (5) is dominant 45
图3 降水、蒸散发水汽和外部水汽输入的关系示意图 89 - 90
Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of relationship between precipitationevapotranspiration and external water vapor transportation 89 - 90
表1 东亚干旱半干旱区内各区域的降水再循环率
Table 1 Precipitation recycling rate in various regions of the drylands of East Asia
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