地球科学进展 ›› 2005, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 427 -441. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2005.04.0427

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

西北干旱区陆—气相互作用试验(NWC-ALIEX)及其研究进展
张强 1,2,黄荣辉 3, 王胜 1,卫国安 2,曹晓彦 1,3 ,侯旭宏 2,吕世华 2 ,胡泽勇 2 ,马耀明 2,韦志刚 2,聂彦将 2,高洪春 2 ,高红梅 2,阎宇平 2   
  1. 1.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020;
    2.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃 兰州 730000;
    3.中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2004-02-16 修回日期:2004-07-06 出版日期:2005-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 张强
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展规划项目“我国重大气候和天气灾害形成机理和预测理论的研究”(编号:G1998040904-2);国家自然科学基金项目“利用现有观测资料确定西北干旱区陆面过程参数” (编号:40175004)资助

NWC-ALIEX AND ITS RESEARCH ADVANCES

ZHANG Qiang 1,2, HUANG Ronghui 3, WANG Sheng 1,WEI Guoan 2, CAO Xiaoyan 1,3,HOU Xuhong 2, Lü Shihua 2, HU Zeyong 2, MA Yaoming 2, WEI Zhigang 2,NIE Yanjiang 2, GAO Hongchun 2,GAO Hongmei 2, YAN Yuping 2     

  1. 1.Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster, Lanzhou 730020,China;
    2.The Cold and Arid Region Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000,China;
    3.Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,China
  • Received:2004-02-16 Revised:2004-07-06 Online:2005-04-25 Published:2005-04-25

简要阐述了国家重点基础研究发展规划项目“我国重大气候和天气灾害形成机理和预测理论的研究”支持的“我国西北干旱区陆—气相互作用野外试验(NWCALIEX)”的科学意义、试验方案和科学目标,总结了该试验在最近几年取得的部分研究进展和研究成果,概括叙述了该项目在地表辐射平衡和热量平衡、总体输送系数、陆面过程参数、湍流通量参数化和地表水分循环以及陆面过程模式的改进和陆面过程的模拟等许多方面的重要发现和一些新的认识。最后,提出并讨论了在干旱区陆面过程方面需要进一步研究和思考的一些重要科学问题。

This paper illustrates briefly the scientific meaning, experiment scheme and scientific objectives of NWC-ALIEX (Land-atmosphere Interaction Experiment in Arid Region of Northwest China) that is supported by the National Key Programme for Basic Sciences, the Research on the Formation Mechanism and Prediction Theory of the Heavy Climate Disasters in China. Some of the research advances and achievements in recent years are summed up. Next, it presents us some important discoveries and new ideas of the Program on the surface radiation and the heat balance, the bulk transfer coefficients, the land surface process parameters, the parameterization of turbulent flux, the surface water recycle, the improvement on land surface model and simulating of the land surface process, etc. Finally, it gets down to discuss some problems existing in the experiment and raises several important scientific problems that need further research.

中图分类号: 

[1]Dickinson R E. Land-atmosphere interaction, US Nation Report internation Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991-1994[R].1995.917-922.
[2]Henderson-Sellers A.The project for intercomparison of land-surface paramterization schemes[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,1993, 74(7): 1 335-1 348.
[3]Zhang Qiang.Review land surface proceses model[J]. Scientia Meteorologica Sinica, 1998,8(3):295-304. [张强.简评陆面过程模式[J].气象科学,1998,8(3):295-304.]
[4]Zhang Qiang. On influence of mesoscale motion on grid-averaged subgrid-scale fluxes of large- sclae model[J].Plateau Meteorology, 2001,20(4):1-10. [张强.中尺度运动对大尺度模式网格平均的次网格通量的影响[J].高原气象,2001,20(4):1-10.]
[5]Hu Yinqiao,Zhang Qiang. Some issues of arid environments dynamics[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2001,16(1):18-23. [胡隐樵,张强.开展干旱环境动力学研究的若干问题[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(1):18-23.]
[6]Gao Youxi. HEIFE Report(No.1) :Preface[J]. Plateau Meteology,1990,9(2).[高由禧. “HEIFE”专刊(1)前言[J].高原气象,1990,9(2).]
[7]Hu Yinqiao,Qi Yuejin, Yang Xuanli. Preliminary analyses about characteristics of microclimate and heat energy budget in Hexi Gobi(Hua Yin)[J].Plateau Meteology,1990,9(2):113-119.[胡隐樵,奇跃进,杨选利.河西戈壁(化音)小气候和热量平衡特征的初步分析[J].高原气象,1990,9(2):113-119.]
[8]Hu Yinqiao, Yang Xueli,Zhang Qiang. The characters of energy budget on the Gobi and desert surface in hexi region[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 1992,26(1):82-91.
[9]Wang Jiemin, Yasushi Mitsuta. Turbulence structure and transfer characteristics in the surface layer of the HEIFE Gobi area[J]. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 1991, 69(5) :587-593.
[10]Hu Yinqiao,Gao Youxi, Wang Jiemin, et al. Some achievements in scientific research during HEIFE[J].Plateau Meteology, 1994,13(3):225-236. [胡隐樵,高由禧,王介民,等.黑河试验(HEIFE)的一些研究成果[J].高原气象,1994,13(3):225-236.]
[11]Zhang Qiang, Zhao Ming. Field experiment and numerical simulation of inverse humidity of atmosphere over desert near oasis[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 1999,57(6):729-740.[张强,赵鸣.绿洲附近荒漠大气逆湿的外场观测和数值模拟[J].气象学报,1999,57(6):729-740.]
[12]Zhang Qiang, Huang Ronghui. Water vapor exchange between soil and atmosphere over a Gobi surface near an oasis in summer[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 2004,43:1 917-1 928.
[13]Zhang Qiang, Cao Xiaoyan, Wei Guoan, et al. Observation and study on land surface parameters ober Gobi in typical arid region[J]. Advances in atmospheric Sciences, 2002,19(1) :121-135.[14]Zhang Qiang, Wei Guoan, Huang Ronghui. The study of the atmospheric bulk transfer coefficient over Desert and Gobi in arid region of northwestern China[J]. Science in China (D), 2002, 45(5) : 468-480.
[15]Zhang Qiang, Hu Yinqiao. The instrumental accuracy and ovservational error about micrometeorological mast of Chinese side in “HEIFE”[J]. Plateau Meteology, 1992,11(4):460-469.[张强,胡隐樵.“HEIFE”中“中方”微气象塔的仪器精度观测误差[J].高原气象,1992,11(4):460-469.]
[16]Wang Jiemin, Cui Tiemin, Yasushi Mitsuta.A real-time,low cost turbulence data acquisition and processing system[J]. Plateau Meteorology,1992,11(4):451-459. [王介民,崔铁民,玉川一郎.一种湍流数据采集与实时处理系统[J].高原气象,1992,11(4):451-459.]
[17]Zhang Qiang, Cao Xiaoyan. A study of surface heat and radiation budget energy in Gobi in Dunhuang region[J].Chinese Journal of Atmosphere Sciences,2003,27(2):245-254.[张强,曹晓彦.敦煌地区荒漠戈壁地表热量和辐射平衡特征的研究[J].大气科学,2003,27(2):245-254.]
[18]Zhang Qiang. The Characteristics of budget of radiation and energy as well microclimate of Dunhuang oasis on a typical clear day in summer[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2002,26(6):717-723.[张强.敦煌夏季晴天绿洲地表辐射和能量平衡及其小气候特征[J].植物生态学报,2002,26(6):717-723.]
[19]Zou Jiling, Hou Xuhong. Preliminary study of solar radiation properties in HEIFE area in late summer[J].Plateau Meteorology, 1992,11(4):381-388. [邹基玲,侯旭宏.黑河地区夏末太阳辐射特征的初步分析[J].高原气象,1992,11(4):381-388.]
[20]Zhang Qiang, Huang Ronghui. Parameters of land surface processes on Gobi in Northwest China[J]. Boundary- Layer Meterology, 2004, 110(3):471-478.
[21]Zhang Qiang, Wang Sheng. A study on parameterization of local land- surface physical processes on the Gobi of Northwest China[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2003,46(5):616-623. [张强,王胜.西北地区戈壁地表物理过程参数化的研究[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(5):616-623.]
[22]Zhang Qiang, Wang Sheng. Stduy on parameterization of albedo and soil heat conductivity in Gobi in Northwest China[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2003,27(1):15-27.
[23]Dickinson R E, Kenney P J, et al. Biosphere- Atmsphere Transfer Scheme(BATS) for the NCAR Community Climate Model National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Co Tech Note/Tn- 275+STR[Z]. 1986.12- 51.
[24]Zuo Hongchao,Hu Yinqiao.The bulk transfer coefficient over desert and Gobi in Heihe region[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 1992,11(4):371-380. [左洪超,胡隐樵.黑河试验区沙漠和戈壁的总体输送系数[J].高原气象,1992,11(4):371-380.]
[25]Chen Jiayi,Wang Jiemin,Yasushi Mitsusa. An independent method to determine the surface roughness length[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 1993,17(1):21-26. [陈家易,王介民,光田宁.一种确定地表粗造度的独立方法[J].大气科学,1993,17(1):21-26.]
[26]Brutsaert W. Evaporation into the Atmosphere[M]. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1982.
[27]Zhang Qiang,Huang Ronghui, Tian Hui. uHuiHuThe study on parameterization scheme of surface Turbulent Momentum and Sensible over Gobi underlying surface[J].Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2003,20(1):1-7.
[28]Zhang Qiang. The study on parameterization of surface turbulent fluxes over Gobi underlying surface[J]. Scientific Technology and Engineering, 2003,3(1):30-38.[张强.荒漠戈壁下垫面地表湍流通量参数化的研究[J].科学技术与工程,2003,3(1):30-38.]
[29]Oke T R. Boundary Layer Climate[M]. New York: London Methuen and COLTD, 1978.
[30]Stull R B.Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology[M]. Yang Changxin translated. Beijing: Meteorological Press, 1991.719-720.[Stull R B.边界层气象导论[M].杨长新译.北京:气象出版社,1991.719-720.]
[31]Zhang Qiang,Wei Guoan,Hou Xuhong.Vertical change of the soil structure parameters and the soil thermodynamic parameters in the Gobi Deserts in arid areas[J].Arid Zone Research,2002,20(1):44-52.[张强,卫国安,侯旭红.西北干旱区戈壁土壤参数的实验室测量及与野外观测的对比[J].干旱区研究,2002,20(1):44-52.]
[32]Zhang Qiang,Wei Guoan,Huang Ronghui. Observation and study of atmospheric drag coefficients in Dunhuang[J].Science in China( D), 2001,31(9):783-792.[张强,卫国安,黄荣辉.敦煌戈壁大气曳力系数的观测与研究[J].中国科学D辑, 2001,31(9):783-792.]
[33]Zhang Qiang,Wei Guoan. study of atmospheric drag coefficient and transfer coefficient on surface over Gobi in Dunhuang[J].Plateau Meteorology, 2004, 23(3):305-321.[张强.卫国安.敦煌戈壁表面大气总体曳力系数和输送系数的研究[J].高原气象, 2004, 23(3):305-321.]
[34]Zuo Hongchao,Hu Yinqiao. The bulk transfer coefficient over desert and Gobi in HEIFE region[J].Plateau Meteology, 1992,11(4):371-380.[左洪超,胡隐樵. 黑河试验区沙漠和戈壁的总体输送系数[J].高原气象,1992,11(4):371-380.]
[35]Zhang Qiang, Huang Ronghui.Heat and momentum transfer coefficients over desert and Gobi in arid climate region of Northwest China[J]. Journal of Arid Environment, 2005, accepted.
[36]Zhang Qiang,Wei Guoan,Huang Ronghui.Characteristics of hydrologic transfer between soil and atmosphere over Gobi near oasis at the end of Summer[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2003,20(3) :442-452.
[37]Zhang Qiang,Wei Guoan. The phenomenon of soil humidity “respiration” over Desert and Gobi[J].Journal of Natural,2002, 24(3):242-252.[张强,卫国安.荒漠表面土壤水分“呼吸”现象[J].自然杂志,2002, 24(3):242-252.]
[38]Zhang Qiang,Wei Guoan, Analysis of inverse humidity and moisture respiration process of surface soil in desert near oasis[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2003,23(4):1-6.[张强,卫国安.邻近绿洲的荒漠表面土壤逆湿和对水分的“呼吸”过程分析[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(4):1-6.]
[39]Zhang Qiang,Wei Guoan,Hang Ronghui. Impact of oasis on the atmosphere hydrological cycle over desert or Gobi near it—a study by Dunhuang experiment[J]. Progress in Natural Science, 2002,12(3):170-175. [张强,卫国安,黄荣辉.绿洲对其临近荒漠大气水分循环的影响——敦煌实验数据分析[J].自然科学进展,2002,12(3):170-175.]
[40]Zhao Ming, Jiang Jing, Su Bingkai, et al. An interactive model between soil- vegetation- atmosphere including surface layer[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmosphere Sciences, 1995,19(4):405- 414.[赵鸣,江静,苏炳凯,等.一个引入近地层的土壤—植被—大气相互作用模式[J].大气科学,1995,19(4):405-414.]
[41]Zhang Qiang,Zhao Ming. A numerical simulation of characteristics of land- surface process under interaction of Oasis and Desert in arid region[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 1998,17(4):335-346. [张强,赵鸣.干旱区绿洲与荒漠相互作用下陆面特征的数值模拟[J].高原气象,1998,17(4):335-346.]
[42]Cao Xiaoyan, Zhang Qiang. Numerical simulation of the land- surface process over desert and Gobi in arid region of north-west China[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2003,61(2):219-225.[曹晓彦,张强.西北干旱区荒漠戈壁陆面过程的数值模拟研究[J].气象学报,2003,61(2):219-225.]
[43]Wang Sheng. The parameterization improvement and simulation of variational characters one year in land-surface process[D].Beijing: Chinese Academy of Science,2003. [王胜.西北干旱区陆面过程参数化的改进及陆面过程年变化特征的模拟[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2003.]

[1] 魏梦美,符素华,刘宝元. 青藏高原水力侵蚀定量研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2021, 36(7): 740-752.
[2] 范成新, 刘敏, 王圣瑞, 方红卫, 夏星辉, 曹文志, 丁士明, 侯立军, 王沛芳, 陈敬安, 游静, 王菊英, 盛彦清, 朱伟. 20年来我国沉积物环境与污染控制研究进展与展望[J]. 地球科学进展, 2021, 36(4): 346-374.
[3] 吴佳梅,彭秋志,黄义忠,黄亮. 中国植被覆盖变化研究遥感数据源及研究区域时空热度分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020, 35(9): 978-989.
[4] 李侠祥, 刘昌新, 王芳, 郝志新. 中国投资对“一带一路”地区经济增长和碳排放强度的影响[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020, 35(6): 618-631.
[5] 刘凯,聂格格,张森. 中国 19512018年气温和降水的时空演变特征研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020, 35(11): 1113-1126.
[6] 谢彦君, 任福民, 李国平, 王铭杨, 杨慧. 影响中国双台风活动气候特征研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020, 35(1): 101-108.
[7] 郝志新,吴茂炜,张学珍,刘洋,郑景云. 过去千年中国年代和百年尺度冷暖阶段的干湿格局变化研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020, 35(1): 18-25.
[8] 蒋诗威,周鑫. 中国东南地区中世纪暖期和小冰期夏季风降水研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019, 34(7): 697-705.
[9] 高峰,赵雪雁,宋晓谕,王宝,王鹏龙,牛艺博,王伟军,黄春林. 面向 SDGs的美丽中国内涵与评价指标体系[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019, 34(3): 295-305.
[10] 张宸嘉, 方一平, 陈秀娟. 基于文献计量的国内可持续生计研究进展分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(9): 969-982.
[11] 陈亮, 段建平, 马柱国. 大气环流形势客观分型及其与中国降水的联系[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(4): 396-403.
[12] 王建, 车涛, 李震, 李弘毅, 郝晓华, 郑照军, 肖鹏峰, 李晓峰, 黄晓东, 钟歆玥, 戴礼云, 李红星, 柯长青, 李兰海. 中国积雪特性及分布调查[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(1): 12-15.
[13] 吴绍洪, 高江波, 戴尔阜, 赵东升, 尹云鹤, 杨琳, 郑景云, 潘韬, 杨勤业. 中国陆地表层自然地域系统动态研究:思路与方案[J]. 地球科学进展, 2017, 32(6): 569-576.
[14] 陈晓龙, 周天军. 使用订正的“空间型标度”法预估1.5 ℃温升阈值下地表气温变化[J]. 地球科学进展, 2017, 32(4): 435-445.
[15] 汪品先. 未雨绸缪——迎接大洋钻探学术新计划的制定[J]. 地球科学进展, 2017, 32(12): 1229-1235.
阅读次数
全文


摘要