中国东南地区中世纪暖期和小冰期夏季风降水研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.07.0697

地球科学进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 697 -705. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.07.0697

蒋诗威 ¹(

),周鑫 ^1, ²(

)

1. 中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院，安徽合肥 230026
2. 中国科学院比较行星学卓越创新中心，安徽合肥 230026

收稿日期:2019-03-15 修回日期:2019-05-20 出版日期:2019-07-10
通讯作者: 周鑫 E-mail:jiangsw@mail.ustc.edu.cn;xinzhou@ustc.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目“全新世环境演化”(41822707);国家自然科学基金面上项目“淮河流域湖泊沉积记录的全新世晚期季风降水演化”(41672159)

On Monsoon Precipitation Changes During the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age in Southeastern China

Shiwei Jiang ¹( ),Xin Zhou ^1, ²( )

1. School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
2. Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, Hefei 230026, China

Received:2019-03-15 Revised:2019-05-20 Online:2019-07-10 Published:2019-07-29
Contact: Xin Zhou E-mail:jiangsw@mail.ustc.edu.cn;xinzhou@ustc.edu.cn
About author:Jiang Shiwei (1993-), male, Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province, Ph.D student. Research areas include Holocene environmental change and human activity. E-mail： jiangsw@mail.ustc.edu.cn
Supported by:
ect supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Holocene environmental change” (No.41822707) and “Late Holocene monsoon precipitation changes during the late Holocene reconstructed from lake sediments in the Huai River Basin”(41672159)

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中国东部季风区过去千年季风降水演变研究已取得大量研究成果及重要阶段性进展，然而，该区域南方记录指示的降水变化趋势有所差别，主要表现为对中世纪暖期和小冰期相对干湿的认识不一致。筛选整理了17个已发表的中国东部南方地区过去千年的地质和史料记录，将这些结果按照研究材料划分为湖泊沉积、泥炭沉积、近海沉积和史料集成4组分别进行对比分析。结果表明，多种研究材料重建的中国东南地区中世纪暖期和小冰期季风降水相对变化趋势表现不一致。导致差异的原因主要是年代框架的不确定性和代用指标指示意义的不明确，也可能是东南地区降水演变本身存在区域差异。因此，为进一步探讨中国东南地区过去千年的季风降水演变历史及驱动机制，应在相关区域重建更多年代精准和指标可靠的季风降水序列。

关键词: 中世纪暖期, 小冰期, 夏季风降水, 中国东南地区

Periodic progresses have been made on monsoon precipitation changes during the past millennium in eastern China. However, trends of precipitation records reconstructed in the southern part of the region are inconsistent, especially for the relative humidity and dryness between the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age. In the present study, 17 published monsoon precipitation records, reconstructed from lake sediments, peat sediments, coastal muddy sediments and historical documents, for the past millennium from southeastern China were collected and compared. The results show that trends of various records are inconsistent. The inconsistencies could be partly attributed to age uncertainties and interpretation of the proxies; and the regional differences in precipitation changes might be another causation. To further explore the spatiotemporal patterns and driving mechanisms of monsoon precipitation during the past millennium in southeastern China, more records with accurate chronology and reliable proxies should be reconstructed.

Key words: Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age, Summer monsoon precipitation, Southeastern China.

中图分类号:

P426.6

图1 研究区域与数据位置示意图

Fig. 1 Study region and site locations

表1 中国东南地区过去千年 17条降水 /干湿记录

Table 1 Seventeen records of EASM precipitation during the past millennia in southeastern China

序号	位点	纬度/°N	经度/°E	年代跨度/cal BP	研究材料	分辨率^*/a	测年方法	测年数据	测年材料	主要代用指标
1	佛爷池^{[ 15 ]}	33.95	107.73	1000—0	湖泊沉积	40	¹⁴C	2	全岩	孢粉
2	翠峰湖-1^{[ 16 ]}	24.51	121.61	3770—0	湖泊沉积	45	¹⁴C	2/6	植物残体	粒度，总有机碳，C/N，δ¹⁵N，δ¹³C
3	翠峰湖-2^{[ 17 ]}	24.50	121.60	1460—0	湖泊沉积	10	²¹⁰Pb,¹⁴C	4/5	植物残体	硅藻，磁化率，δ¹⁵N，δ¹³C
4	湖光岩玛珥湖^{[ 18 ]}	21.15	110.28	1360—0	湖泊沉积	5	¹³⁷Cs, ¹⁴C	3	腐殖黑泥	生物硅，总氮，总有机碳
5	双池玛珥湖^{[ 19 ]}	19.94	110.19	1148—0	湖泊沉积	14	¹⁴C	4/6	全岩	Rb/Sr，Rb/K,Zr/Rb，Si/Ti，粒度
6	鄱阳湖^{[ 20 ]}	29.15	116.42	1600—0	湖泊沉积	2.5	¹⁴C	3/6	全岩木头	δ¹³C
7	高邮湖^{[ 21 ]}	32.84	119.38	1100—0	湖泊沉积	13.5	¹⁴C	3/4	全岩	粒度，磁化率，总有机碳，C/N
8	大九湖泥炭^{[ 22 ]}	31.48	110.06	2500—0	泥炭	70	¹⁴C	2/12	泥炭全岩	孢粉
9	千亩田泥炭^{[ 23 ]}	30.50	119.44	4100—0	泥炭	20	¹⁴C	3/7	泥炭全岩	Rb/Sr，Rb，Sr
10	玉华山泥炭^{[ 24 ]}	27.84	115.65	2000—0	泥炭	4	¹⁴C	4/13	植物残体木屑	孢粉，粒度，腐殖化度，烧失量，Rb/Sr，Zr/Rb
11	望东垟泥炭^{[ 25 ]}	27.68	119.64	7600—0	泥炭	40	¹⁴C	2/4	泥炭全岩	磁化率，粒度, 腐殖化度
12	仙山泥炭^{[ 26 ]}	26.87	118.71	1400—0	泥炭	8	¹⁴C	3/7	植物残体木头	α-纤维素δ¹³C，有机质
13	珠江入海口^{[ 27 ]}	22.35	113.78	2000—0	近海沉积	5.5	¹⁴C	4/6	碳/植物纤维	粒度，总有机碳，δ¹³C
14	冲绳海槽南部^{[ 28 ]}	24.80	122.49	1050—0	近海沉积	15	¹⁴C	5/6	浮游有孔虫	硅藻
15	台湾东部黑潮区^{[ 29 ]}	24.10	122.34	850—0	近海沉积	23	¹⁴C	6	有孔虫	总氮，总有机碳，粒度，C/N，δ¹³C
16	江淮地区^{[ 31 ]}	32.36	117.84	2000—50	历史文献	10	历史年代	-	-	史料记载
17	华南地区^{[ 30 ]}	27.50	117.00	1500—0	历史文献	1	历史年代	-	-	史料记载

表1 中国东南地区过去千年 17条降水 /干湿记录

Table 1 Seventeen records of EASM precipitation during the past millennia in southeastern China

序号	位点	纬度/°N	经度/°E	年代跨度/cal BP	研究材料	分辨率^*/a	测年方法	测年数据	测年材料	主要代用指标
1	佛爷池^{[ 15 ]}	33.95	107.73	1000—0	湖泊沉积	40	¹⁴C	2	全岩	孢粉
2	翠峰湖-1^{[ 16 ]}	24.51	121.61	3770—0	湖泊沉积	45	¹⁴C	2/6	植物残体	粒度，总有机碳，C/N，δ¹⁵N，δ¹³C
3	翠峰湖-2^{[ 17 ]}	24.50	121.60	1460—0	湖泊沉积	10	²¹⁰Pb,¹⁴C	4/5	植物残体	硅藻，磁化率，δ¹⁵N，δ¹³C
4	湖光岩玛珥湖^{[ 18 ]}	21.15	110.28	1360—0	湖泊沉积	5	¹³⁷Cs, ¹⁴C	3	腐殖黑泥	生物硅，总氮，总有机碳
5	双池玛珥湖^{[ 19 ]}	19.94	110.19	1148—0	湖泊沉积	14	¹⁴C	4/6	全岩	Rb/Sr，Rb/K,Zr/Rb，Si/Ti，粒度
6	鄱阳湖^{[ 20 ]}	29.15	116.42	1600—0	湖泊沉积	2.5	¹⁴C	3/6	全岩木头	δ¹³C
7	高邮湖^{[ 21 ]}	32.84	119.38	1100—0	湖泊沉积	13.5	¹⁴C	3/4	全岩	粒度，磁化率，总有机碳，C/N
8	大九湖泥炭^{[ 22 ]}	31.48	110.06	2500—0	泥炭	70	¹⁴C	2/12	泥炭全岩	孢粉
9	千亩田泥炭^{[ 23 ]}	30.50	119.44	4100—0	泥炭	20	¹⁴C	3/7	泥炭全岩	Rb/Sr，Rb，Sr
10	玉华山泥炭^{[ 24 ]}	27.84	115.65	2000—0	泥炭	4	¹⁴C	4/13	植物残体木屑	孢粉，粒度，腐殖化度，烧失量，Rb/Sr，Zr/Rb
11	望东垟泥炭^{[ 25 ]}	27.68	119.64	7600—0	泥炭	40	¹⁴C	2/4	泥炭全岩	磁化率，粒度, 腐殖化度
12	仙山泥炭^{[ 26 ]}	26.87	118.71	1400—0	泥炭	8	¹⁴C	3/7	植物残体木头	α-纤维素δ¹³C，有机质
13	珠江入海口^{[ 27 ]}	22.35	113.78	2000—0	近海沉积	5.5	¹⁴C	4/6	碳/植物纤维	粒度，总有机碳，δ¹³C
14	冲绳海槽南部^{[ 28 ]}	24.80	122.49	1050—0	近海沉积	15	¹⁴C	5/6	浮游有孔虫	硅藻
15	台湾东部黑潮区^{[ 29 ]}	24.10	122.34	850—0	近海沉积	23	¹⁴C	6	有孔虫	总氮，总有机碳，粒度，C/N，δ¹³C
16	江淮地区^{[ 31 ]}	32.36	117.84	2000—50	历史文献	10	历史年代	-	-	史料记载
17	华南地区^{[ 30 ]}	27.50	117.00	1500—0	历史文献	1	历史年代	-	-	史料记载

图2 湖泊沉积重建的过去千年降水演变记录对比

Fig. 2 Comparison of EASM precipitation records during the past millennia reconstructed from lake sediments

图3 泥炭重建的过去千年降水演变记录对比

Fig. 3 Comparison of EASM precipitation records during the past millennia reconstructed from peat sediments

图4 近海沉积与史料重建的过去千年降水演变记录对比

Fig. 4 Comparison of EASM precipitation records during the past millennia reconstructed from muddy sediments and historical documents

图5 中国东南地区中世纪暖期和小冰期干湿图

Fig. 5 Wetness map based on multi-proxy records during the MCA and LIA in Southeastern China area

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