地球科学进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 396 -403. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2018.04.0396

研究论文 上一篇    下一篇

大气环流形势客观分型及其与中国降水的联系
陈亮( ), 段建平 *( ), 马柱国   
  1. 中国科学院大气物理研究所,中国科学院东亚区域气候—环境重点实验室, 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-01 修回日期:2018-03-01 出版日期:2018-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 段建平 E-mail:chenliang@tea.ac.cn;duanjp@tea.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    *国家自然科学基金面上项目“青藏高原东南部过去500年极端温度事件的演变特征及其动力机制”(编号:41471035);中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室开放基金项目“西北干旱地区陆—气耦合强度对区域气候的影响”(编号:LPU2017001)资助.

Objective Analysis on Large-scale Circulation Type and Its Links to Precipitation over China

Liang Chen( ), Jianping Duan *( ), Zhuguo Ma   

  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate Environment for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2017-12-01 Revised:2018-03-01 Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-05-24
  • Contact: Jianping Duan E-mail:chenliang@tea.ac.cn;duanjp@tea.ac.cn
  • About author:

    First author:Chen Liang(1982-),male, Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province, Associate professor. Research areas include regional climate simulation and land-atmosphere interactions.E-mail:chenliang@tea.ac.cn

  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Evolution characteristics and dynamic mechanism of extreme temperature events in the southeast of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau over the past 500 years”(No.41471035);The Open fund of Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold Arid Area of Chinese Academy of Sciences “Influence of land-atmosphere coupling intensity on regional climate in arid regions of Northwest China”(No.LPU2017001).

大气环流异常是造成天气和气候变化的直接原因。以往对大气环流形势和中国降水关系的研究绝大部分是在对大气环流形势进行主观分型和进一步诊断的基础上来研究两者的联系。相对于对大气环流形势的主观分析,客观分型方法采用的指标更一致、标准更统一,能够得到较多的大气环流类型,目前得到了较为广泛的应用。利用欧洲中期数值天气预报中心提供的1979—2016年的再分析资料(ERA-Interim),通过选择逐日12UTC的海平面气压、可降水量和700 hPa风速3个变量, 应用倾斜旋转T模态主成分分析方法对中国区域内的大气环流进行了客观分型,并进一步分析了不同大气环流类型与中国区域降水之间的联系。结果表明,不同大气环流类型对中国区域降水趋势和降水量的影响不仅在空间上存在差异,而且在季节上也不尽相同。总体表现为大气环流类型对降水量大的区域和降水量多的月份影响较大,而对降水量小的区域和降水少的月份的影响较小。此外,与环流类型发生频次对中国降水的影响相比,大气环流类型发生频次不变的背景下降水强度变化对中国降水趋势的影响更加显著。

Atmospheric circulation anomaly is a direct cause of weather and climate change. In the past, most researches for the relationship between Weather Type (WT) and precipitation have mainly focused on the subjective classification and diagnosis. Compared to the subjective analysis, objective classification uses more consistent index and standard unification, thus, we can get more WTs, and it has been widely used in many areas. By using daily 12UTC Sea Level Pressure (SLP), Precipitable Water (PW), and 700 hPa wind speed (UV700) data from ECMWF’s Interim Reanalysis, the classification of WTs over China was performed with the method of obliquely rotated T-mode principle component analysis. WT and its link to precipitation over China were further analyzed. The results show that the influence of different WTs on precipitation is not uniform over China, and also show distinctly difference in different seasons. A common feature is that WTs great impact on the regions and months with large precipitation, while less impact on regions and months have with less precipitation. In addition, precipitation trends originating from WT intensity changes are much more deterministic, significant, and predictable than trends from WT frequency changes.

中图分类号: 

图1 基于倾斜T模态主成分分析方法划分的中国区域12种天气环流类型
(a)~(i)阴影为海平面气压在1979—2016年时段的异常
Fig.1 Twelve WTs which derived based on obliquely rotated T-mode principle component analysis
(a)(i) SLP anomalies are show in filled contours for the period from 1979 to 2016
图1 基于倾斜T模态主成分分析方法划分的中国区域12种天气环流类型
(a)~(i)阴影为海平面气压在1979—2016年时段的异常
Fig.1 Twelve WTs which derived based on obliquely rotated T-mode principle component analysis
(a)(i) SLP anomalies are show in filled contours for the period from 1979 to 2016
图2 12种环流类型发生频次的变化特征
99和90分别表示通过了99%和90%的信度检验
Fig.2 The change characteristic of the occurrence of the twelve WTs for each year
90 and 99 means the trend passed 90% and 99% significant level relatively
图2 12种环流类型发生频次的变化特征
99和90分别表示通过了99%和90%的信度检验
Fig.2 The change characteristic of the occurrence of the twelve WTs for each year
90 and 99 means the trend passed 90% and 99% significant level relatively
图3 中国区域内划分的8个子区域
Fig.3 China is divided into eight sub-regions
图3 中国区域内划分的8个子区域
Fig.3 China is divided into eight sub-regions
图4 不同环流类型下中国及8个子区域降水变化的月趋势及年内变化
Fig.4 Annual cycle of area averaged precipitation and trend for whole China and eight sub-regions in different WTs
图4 不同环流类型下中国及8个子区域降水变化的月趋势及年内变化
Fig.4 Annual cycle of area averaged precipitation and trend for whole China and eight sub-regions in different WTs
图5 观测的中国1979—2016年逐月降水距平
Fig.5 Mean observed monthly precipitation anomalies for the period from 1979 to 2016
图5 观测的中国1979—2016年逐月降水距平
Fig.5 Mean observed monthly precipitation anomalies for the period from 1979 to 2016
图6 12种环流类型对应的1979—2016年降水距平
Fig.6 Mean precipitation anomalies corresponding to twelve WTs from 1979 to 2016
图6 12种环流类型对应的1979—2016年降水距平
Fig.6 Mean precipitation anomalies corresponding to twelve WTs from 1979 to 2016
图7 中国1979—2016年年降水变化趋势与环流类型的关系
(a)观测的1979—2016年中国区域年降水变化趋势(%/10年);(b) 环流类型发生频率导致的降水趋势变化和(c) 环流类型对应降水强度导致的降水趋势变化;红色点区域表示趋势通过90%信度检验
Fig.7 Observed precipitation trend and its links to WTs from 1979 to 2016
(a) Observed precipitation trends over China and (b, c) Their assignment to WT frequency and intensity cahnges;Red dots means significant trends with 90% level
图7 中国1979—2016年年降水变化趋势与环流类型的关系
(a)观测的1979—2016年中国区域年降水变化趋势(%/10年);(b) 环流类型发生频率导致的降水趋势变化和(c) 环流类型对应降水强度导致的降水趋势变化;红色点区域表示趋势通过90%信度检验
Fig.7 Observed precipitation trend and its links to WTs from 1979 to 2016
(a) Observed precipitation trends over China and (b, c) Their assignment to WT frequency and intensity cahnges;Red dots means significant trends with 90% level
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