天然气甲烷碳同位素动力学模型与地质应用新进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2003.03.0405

地球科学进展 ›› 2003, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3): 405 -411. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2003.03.0405

帅燕华,邹艳荣,彭平安

中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室，广东广州 510640

收稿日期:2002-08-23 修回日期:2003-01-28 出版日期:2003-06-01
通讯作者: 帅燕华 E-mail:yhshuai@gig.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“高压下有机质生烃动力学模型及其应用”（编号：40072053）；“超压下天然气甲烷碳同位素演化的动力学模型”（编号：40272067）；国家重点基础研究发展规划项目“不同类型母质成气机理及有效性评价”(编号：2001CB209101)资助

KINETIC MODEL FOR THE STABLE CARBON ISOTOPE OF METHANE:THE STATE OF THE ART

Shuai Yanhua, Zou Yanrong, Peng Ping´an

The State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Received:2002-08-23 Revised:2003-01-28 Online:2003-06-01 Published:2003-06-01

天然气甲烷碳同位素动力学模拟是在热模拟实验的基础上对甲烷碳同位素值进行数字模拟的一种研究方法。它在石油、天然气地球化学中具有广阔的应用前景：模拟甲烷碳同位素的整个演化趋势，模拟天然气成藏，进行精确的气源对比。分析了国外几个典型的甲烷碳同位素动力学模型，对各模型的特点和优缺点进行了简要的评述，并认识到Cramer 3是目前对实验数据模拟效果最好、适用范围最宽的一个模型。在此基础上，结合一些研究实例，探讨了天然气甲烷碳同位素动力学研究的发展方向。

关键词: 天然气, 稳定碳同位素, 热模拟, 动力学模型

    Based on the pyrolysis, kinetic model of the stable carbon isotope of the methane is a very useful tool for studying nature gas generation and evaluation. Here, some models are reviewed and the advantage and shortcomings of these models are analyzed in brief. All these models can be divided into two types. One is based on Raleigh fractionation model. These models take the ratios of methane carbon isotope as results of fractionation. Calculating the fractionation factor is the important part in the models. The other model gives much more attentions to the results of the experiment. In the latter, methane is taken as two different products from different methane-generation groups. The kinetic parameters of every species (¹²C-and ¹³C- methane) is calculated, respectively, to simulate individual generation process. Then, the two species generation processes are combined to model the variance in methane isotope composition under geologicalcondition.
    From our own experimental, the carbon isotope values of methane degrading from coal shows very complex trend. At the stage of low temperature, the isotope values become lighter, then become heavier and heavier with temperature, which may be related to heterogeneous source rock. 
    For the study of kinetics model about methane carbon isotope ratios, some issues do pay to further study, including ①Common pyrolysis experiment on coal is carried out at the temperature range between 300 and 600℃. As shown above, it is not enough to evaluate the carbon isotope variance of coal-derived methane. ②Overpressure occurs almost in the two thirds of sediment basins on the Earth. It is worth to further study how to model the effect of pressure on methane carbon isotope ratios. ③Episodic expulsion of hydrocarbon has been commonly accepted under geological condition. However, the effect of episodic expulsion on the natural gas component and carbon isotope composition can't be understood clearly. It is necessary to further study.

Key words: Natural gas, Stable carbon isotope, Kinetic model, Pyrolysis.

中图分类号:

P618.13

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