遥感地球化学研究

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2003.02.0228

遥感地球化学是遥感技术与地球化学结合的产物。探讨了遥感地球化学产生的必然性、遥感地球化学的定义、基础理论、研究方法及应用。指出遥感地球化学的研究基础是地物波谱特征，并简要分析了矿物、岩石、水体、土壤、植被及广泛存在于星际间的一些挥发物质等的波谱特征及影响因素；归纳了遥感地球化学主要的研究方法。总结了遥感技术在矿产资源勘探、环境地球化学、生物地球化学、行星地球化学及全球变化等领域的应用，并展望了今后遥感地球化学的研究重点及发展方向。

关键词: 遥感地球化学, 光谱, 信息提取

With the development of analysis technics and the infiltration of other subjects, the new embranchments and new research fields of geochemistry were being gradually produced. Formerly achieving spatial information methods of geochemistry based on field sampling and analysis is time-consuming and very expensive. The technique of remote sensing is a quicker method. It has been widely used in geochemistry. Geochemistry and remote sensing combine to create remote-sensing geochemistry. It is a new subject. This paper presents the definition, tasks, research methods and applications of remote-sensing geochemistry, and at the end of this article, the prospects of remote-sensing geochemistry is put forward.I hope that this paper will contribute to the development of remote-sensing geochemistry of our country. The theoretic base of remote-sensing geochemistry is spectral features of materials. The research objects and methods of both geochemistry and remote-sensing geochemistry not only have some relations but also have some differences. Remote-sensing geochemistry and mineralogy, petrology, biology, mathematics have many affinities. The prominent characteristic of this new subject is that it can quickly and widely achieve the information of the Earth’s surface with the technique of remote sensing. It’s very important forremote-sensing geochemistry to have appropriate information extraction technique. Spectral matching, spectral unmixing and modified Gauss model are the three most used information extraction technique for remotesensing geochemistry. Nowadays global change research is a research hotspot, so remote-sensing geochemistry strives to achieve a whole-system understanding of the interrelationships among earth surface processes, ecological systems, and human activities. Remote-sensing geochemistry can contribute to not only the advance of geochemistry, but also remote sensing.

Key words: Remotesensing geochemistry, Spectral, Information extraction.

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STUDY ON THE REMOTE-SENSING GEOCHEMISTRY