GPS无线电掩星技术监测地球大气

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1997.03.0217

地球科学进展 ›› 1997, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (3): 217 -223. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1997.03.0217

GPS无线电掩星技术监测地球大气

黄栋,黄城,李金岭,严豪健,虞南华

中国科学院上海天文台

收稿日期:1996-10-08 修回日期:1996-11-11 出版日期:1997-06-01
通讯作者: 黄栋，男，1971年1月出生，实习研究员，主要从事星载GPS卫星定轨及其应用的研究.

MONITORING THE EARTH' S ATMOSPHERE WITH GPS RADIO OCCULTATION

HUANG Dong，HUANG Cheng，LI Jinling，Yan Haojian，YU Nanhua

Shanghai Observatory，The Chinese Academy of Science，Shanghai 200030

Received:1996-10-08 Revised:1996-11-11 Online:1997-06-01 Published:1997-06-01

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ＧＰＳ无线电掩星技术是从行星掩星（飞行器）探测行星大气^{［１～３］}的遥感技术发展而来的。１９９５年４月３日小型卫星ＭｉｃｒｏＬａｂ１的发射升空，标志着以ＧＰＳ无线电掩星建议为基础ＧＰＳ／ＭＥＴ计划纳入了正式实验阶段。实验结果证实了ＧＰＳ无线电掩星技术在探测地球大气方面潜在的科学价值与实用意义。简要系统地介绍了利用ＧＰＳ无线电掩星技术监测地球大气折射率、温度、气压和水蒸汽丰度等物理参量廓线分布的基本原理、主要误差源和空间分辨率，以及数字模拟结果和初步实验结果，并分析了ＧＰＳ无线电掩星技术在监测全球气候变化和提高数值天气预报精度等方面的潜在贡献。

关键词: ＧＰＳ无线电掩星, 地球大气参数, 气候, 气象

GPS radio occultation technique was developed from the application of remote sensing technique in planet atmospheric limbing sounding. based on the seggestion of GPS radio occultation，GPS/MET proposal comeinto a formal experiment stage with the launch of satellite MicroLabl in Arp. 3，1995. The results from the experiment has proved the potential scientific value and practical significance of this technique in earth atmospheric limb sounding. In this paper，it is briefly and systematically introduced on how to apply the technique of GPS radio occultation to measure and monitor the vertical profile of the global atmospheric refractive index，temperature，pressure and moisture. Preliminarily results from simulations and experiments are also outlined. Some potential contributions of the GPS radio occultation technique to the monitoring of the global climates change and to the improvement of the weather analysis and prediction accuracy.

Key words: GPS radio occultation, Atmospheric parameter, Climate, Weather

中图分类号:

P35/P228

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