地球科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 890 -901. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.072

所属专题: 地球系统科学大会纪念专刊

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

海底周期阶坎研究进展与挑战
王大伟 1, 2, 3( ),孙悦 1, 2,司少文 1, 2,吴时国 1, 2, 3, 4   
  1. 1.中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所,海南 三亚 572000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    3.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东 珠海 519080
    4.青岛海洋科学 与技术国家实验室,山东 青岛 266237
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-02 修回日期:2020-08-25 出版日期:2020-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 王大伟 E-mail:wangdawei@idsse.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“南海珠江口外海底峡谷内底形沉积结构与形成机理”(41666002);中国科学院前沿科学研究重点计划项目“深水海底峡谷—水道地貌特征及形成机理”(QYZDB-SSW-SYS025)

Research Progress and Challenges of Submarine Cyclic Steps

Dawei Wang 1, 2, 3( ),Yue Sun 1, 2,Shaowen Si 1, 2,Shiguo Wu 1, 2, 3, 4   

  1. 1.Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Sanya Hainan 572000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    3.Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai),Zhuhai Guangdong 519080,China
    4.Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266237,China
  • Received:2020-08-02 Revised:2020-08-25 Online:2020-09-10 Published:2020-10-28
  • Contact: Dawei Wang E-mail:wangdawei@idsse.ac.cn
  • About author:Wang Dawei (1976-), male, Suihua City, Heilongjiang Province, Professor. Research areas include seismic sedimentology, deep water oil and gas, submarine geohazard, and artificial intelligence identification. E-mail: wangdawei@idsse.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Sedimentary architecture and mechanism of bedforms within submarine canyon out of the Pear River Estuary, South China Sea”(41666002);The Key Project of Frontier Science Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences "Geomorphic features and forming mechanism of deep-water canyon-channel system"(QYZDB-SSW-SYS025)

超临界流形成的周期阶坎是一种常见的底形,普遍存在于河口三角洲体系、深水峡谷—水道体系和碳酸盐台地等沉积体系中。从沉积环境、底形形态、沉积结构、形成机理和数值模拟等方面介绍了周期阶坎的研究进展,探讨了船测和AUV多波束、船测和AUV浅剖、人工地震、野外露头、数值模拟研究中揭示的周期阶坎分辨率问题,给出了周期阶坎研究的突破方向。利用探地雷达、人工地震、钻井和测井结合的方法,准确确定野外露头的中泓线位置;在水深大于500 m的区域,将AUV和船测多波束、AUV和船测浅地层剖面、人工地震等数据结合,通过载人潜水器获取原位数据,完善周期阶坎的三维精细结构;开发立体化三维数值模拟,建立一套适用于真实周期阶坎形态的动力学模拟方程。

Cyclic steps structure derived from the supercritical flows is one of the common bedforms, which is commonly found in sedimentary systems such as delta systems, deep-water canyon-channel systems, and carbonate platforms. In this paper, the research progresses of cyclic steps were introduced from the aspects of sedimentary environment, the features of bedforms, sedimentary structure, formation mechanism, and numerical simulation. The Research scale differences associated with the survey techniques or study methods, such as the ship survey and AUV-based multi-beams, sub-bottom profiles, multichannel seismic, the field outcrop, and numerical simulation were discussed. Finally, the breakthrough directions of the cyclic steps research were given. The combining method of ground penetrating radar, multichannel seismic, drilling and well logging were used to accurately detect the location of field outcrop thalweg. Within the area with water depth greater than 500 meters, the blending of multi-data for the cyclic steps research involved the AUV-based and the ship multi-beams, sub-bottom profiles, and multichannel seismic data. With the in situ samples and observation data obtained by human occupied vehicles, three-dimensional numerical simulation was developed to establish a set of dynamic simulation equations suitable for the real cyclic steps. Therefore, the high resolution three dimensional mode of the deep-water cyclic steps could be obtained more accurately.

中图分类号: 

图1 周期阶坎示意图[ 2 ]
Fig.1 Schematic diagram of cyclic steps[ 2 ]
图2 逆行沙丘和周期阶坎对比(据参考文献[ 35 ]修改)
Fig.2 The comparison between antidunes and cyclic steps (modified after reference [ 35 ])
表1 不同沉积环境下的周期阶坎
Table 1 Cycle steps in different sedimentary environments
图3 不同环境下的周期阶坎(据参考文献[ 12 , 13 , 41 , 42 ]修改)
(a)加拿大斯阔米什三角洲;(b) 美国西海岸圣马特奥水道;(c)中国南海东北陆坡西澎湖峡谷;(d)墨西哥湾巴哈马碳酸盐台地
Fig.3 Cyclic steps in different environments (modified after references[12,13,41,42])
(a) Squamish prodelta of Canada; (b) The San Mateo channel of the west coast of USA; (c) West Penghu Canyon on the northeastern continental slope of the South China Sea; (d) The Great Bahama carbonate platform of the gulf of Mexico
图4 周期阶坎岩相分布(据参考文献[ 50 ]修改)
Fig.4 The distribution of cyclic steps facies (modified after reference[ 50 ])
图5 周期阶坎粒度分布(据参考文献[ 18 ]修改)
Fig.5 The grain size distribution of cyclic steps (modified after reference[ 18 ])
图6 沿圣马特奥水道浊流形态动力学模拟结果[ 41 ]
(a)底形和浊流自由液面沿着水道中泓线的变化; (b)密度弗洛德数的变化
Fig.6 Results of turbidity current morphodynamic modelling along the San Mateo channel[ 41 ]
(a) Bed elevation and turbidity-current interface change along the channel thalweg in response; (b) Variation in the densimetric Froude number
图7 FLOW-3D初始模型图和效果图[ 23 ]
Fig.7 FLOW-3D initial model diagram and rendering[ 23 ]
表2 对比不同探测设备之间的差异性
Table 2 Comparison of the differences between different detection equipments
图8 周期阶坎野外露头剖面线和中泓线示意图
Fig.8 Line of outcrop profile and thalweg of cyclic steps
表3 对比不同模拟方法之间的差异性
Table 3 Comparison of the differences between different simulation methods
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