地球科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 23 -42.

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关于峨眉山大火成岩省一些问题的研究现状
何冰辉( )   
  1. 1.阿里地区国土资源局,西藏 阿里地区 859000
    2.中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院,北京 100083
  • 出版日期:2016-01-20

Research Progress on Some Issues on the Emeishan Large Igneous Province

Binghui HE( )   

  1. 1. Ngari Area Land Resources Bureau,Ngari Area 859000,China
    2.Faculty of Geosciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
  • Online:2016-01-20 Published:2016-01-10
  • About author:

    First author: He Binghui (1989-),male,Shangqiu City, He'nan Province, Master.Research area include sedimentology.E-mail: hbhhbh1989@163.com

峨眉山大火成岩省(ELIP)位于扬子板块西缘,是我国唯一被国际学术界认可的大火成岩省,受到国内外学者的广泛关注.主要围绕峨眉山玄武岩喷发前的隆升剥蚀情况,喷发时限,地幔柱的轴部位置等争议性问题进行探讨,总结了前人的研究成果.由于地幔柱和岩石圈之间相互作用的复杂性,加之地幔柱模型的不完善,峨眉山地幔柱活动在地表的真实响应也许更复杂.在今后的研究中,应该加强不同学科间的相互合作,着重研究地球深部动力学过程以及地球系统各圈层的相互作用.

The Emeishan large igneous province (ELIP) is located in the west of Yangtze plate, and is only recognized as a large igneous province by the international community, so many international and domestic scholars pay attention to it. This article mainly discusses some controversial issues: the uplift and denudation before eruption of the Emeishan basalt, the eruption age, axial position of the mantle plume, and summarizes achievements of predecessors. Because of the complexity of interaction between mantle plume and lithosphere, and imperfect of mantle plume model, real surface responses of mantel plume activity may be more complex. In the future research, scholars should strengthen mutual cooperation between different disciplines, and focus on the research about the process of deep dynamic of the Earth and the interaction among various spheres of Earth system.

中图分类号: 

图1 峨眉山大火成岩省地质图(据参考文献[39,41]修改)
(a)为地质简图,红色三角形代表(b)和(c)中剖面的位置;(b),(c)分别为沿着A-B和C-D剖面图的茅口组生物地层对比
Fig. 1 Geological diagram in the Emeishan large igneous province(modified after references [39,41])
(a)is schematic geological map. Red triangles represent locations of sections in (b) and (c); (b), (c)is biostratigraphic correlation of the Maokou formation along the A-B and C-D profiles
图2 峨眉山大火成岩省之下的茅口组的生物地层关系(据参考文献 [ 31 ]修改)
Fig.2 Biolithostratigraphic correlation of the Maokou Formation beneath the Emeishan LIP ( modified after reference [ 31 ])
图3 沿峨眉山大火成岩省东西向横断面的地幔柱地表响应的图解 [ 55 ]
Fig.3 Cross section through the ELIP from west to east illustrating the surface responses to the Emeishan mantle plume [ 55 ]
图4 峨眉山大火成岩省海相和陆相沉积分布示意图 [ 58 ]
Fig.4 The distribution of submarine and subaerial deposits in the Emeishan LIP [ 58 ]
图5 川滇古陆东北缘冲积扇分布示意图 [ 39 ]
Fig.5 A sketch showing distribution of an alluvial fan in northeastern flank of the Sichuan-Yunnan block [ 39 ]
表1 峨眉山大火成岩省年龄数据
Table1 Age data in the Emeishan large igneous province
地点 样品 年龄/Ma 测试方法 数据来源
沉积岩 四川广元上寺 火山灰层(吴家坪阶下部)(He 等[ 64 ]认为不是火山灰,而是由于峨眉山大火成岩省的侵蚀形成的碎屑岩) 259.1±1.0 U-Pb [65]
四川广元上寺 火山灰层(吴家坪阶下部)(He 等[ 64 ]认为不是火山灰,而是由于峨眉山大火成岩省的侵蚀形成的碎屑岩) 260.8±0.8 U-Pb
贵州威宁 硅质页岩(宣威组底部) 255±12 Rb-Sr [66]
贵州威宁 碎屑岩(宣威组底部) 257±4 SHRIMP U-Pb [67]
四川峨眉 碎屑岩(宣威组底部) 260±5 SHRIMP U-Pb
云南洱源 熔结凝灰岩(峨眉山玄武岩系顶部) 263±4 SHRIMP U-Pb
四川朝天剖面 中晚二叠世边界黏土岩 260±4 SHRIMP U-Pb
云南宾川 流纹质凝灰岩 238.4±3.4 SHRIMP U-Pb [68]
贵州盘县 凝灰岩(峨眉山玄武岩顶部) 251.0±1.0 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [18]
云南宾川 长英质熔结凝灰岩(峨眉山熔岩序列最上部) 259.1±0.5 CA-TIMS U-Pb [63]
广西那坡 泥岩(领薅组下部) 261.5±1.8 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [69]
广西那坡 砂岩(领薅组下部) 262.1±3.0 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
火山岩 云南宾川 高钛玄武岩(剖面上部) 252.1±1.4 Ar-Ar [16]
云南宾川 低钛玄武岩(剖面下部) 255.9±5.7 Ar-Ar
四川二滩地区 玄武岩 251.5±0.9 Ar-Ar
四川二滩地区 粗面岩中的角闪石 252.8±1.3 Ar-Ar
桂西百色 玄武岩 253.6±0.4 Ar-Ar [70]
桂西百色 玄武岩 253.7±6.1 SHRIMP U-Pb
桂西巴马 玄武岩 256.2±0.8 Ar-Ar
桂西田阳 玄武岩 255.4±0.4 Ar-Ar
攀西地区 峨眉山玄武岩 258.9±3.4 Ar-Ar [71]
四川西南部渡口 玄武岩 258.9±3.4 Ar-Ar [72]
广西巴马 玄武岩 259.6±5.9 SHRIMP U-Pb [73]
广西百色阳圩 玄武岩 259.1±4.0 SHRIMP U-Pb
广西 玄武岩 257±9 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [74]
中酸性侵入岩 攀枝花 斜长花岗岩中的斜长石 246±4 Ar-Ar [75]
四川猫猫沟 正长岩中的黑云母 252.0±1.3 Ar-Ar [16]
四川攀枝花 正长岩中的黑云母 254.6±1.3 Ar-Ar
四川白马 碱长石英正长岩(中性碱性岩) 225±3 SHRIMP U-Pb [76]
云南富宁 闪长岩 258±3 SHRIMP U-Pb [77]
攀西地区 含铁正长岩(中性深成岩) 252±2.5 SHRIMP U-Pb [78]
四川会理猫猫沟 霞石正长岩 261.6±4.4 SHRIMP U-Pb [79]
攀西德昌茨达 A型花岗岩体 261±4.0 SHRIMP U-Pb [80]
攀西矮郎河 I型花岗岩体 251±6.0 SHRIMP U-Pb
四川猫猫沟 霞石正长岩(深成碱性岩) 261.6±4.4 SHRIMP U-Pb [68]
四川米易 辉石正长岩 259.8±3.5 SHRIMP U-Pb
四川米易撒莲镇 闪长岩 260.4±3.6 SHRIMP U-Pb
四川太和镇 A型花岗岩 261.4±2.3 SHRIMP U-Pb
四川米易黄草岭 石英正长岩 266.5±5.1 SHRIMP U-Pb
四川会理矮郎河 过铝质花岗岩 255.2±3.6 SHRIMP U-Pb
云南元谋朱布 闪长岩 261±2 SHRIMP U-Pb [81]
四川白马 正长岩 262±2 SHRIMP U-Pb
四川德昌茨达乡 角闪石英正长岩 240.15±0.76 LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb [82]
四川白马 石英正长花岗质侵入体中的基性包裹体 259.5±2.7 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [83]
四川白马 石英正长花岗质侵入体中的基性包裹体 259.0±3.1 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
四川白马 正长岩 258.5±2.3 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
四川白马 正长岩 257.8±2.6 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
四川白马 花岗岩 256.2±1.5 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀枝花 正长闪长岩 257.8±2.3 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀枝花 正长闪长岩 259.2±1.3 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀枝花 正长闪长岩 259.5±1.1 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀枝花 正长闪长岩 259.8±1.6 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀枝花 正长岩 255.8±1.8 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀枝花红格 I型花岗岩 256.8±2.8 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀枝花红格 I型花岗岩 256.2±3.0 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀枝花红格 I型花岗岩(捕获的锆石) 792 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
四川沃水村 过铝质正长岩 259.6±0.5 CA-TIMS U-Pb [84]
攀枝花大黑山 过铝质正长岩 259.1±0.5 CA-TIMS U-Pb
四川黄草镇 过铝质正长岩 258.9±0.7 CA-TIMS U-Pb
四川德昌茨达 花岗岩 258.4±0.6 CA-TIMS U-Pb
攀西炉库 正长岩 255.6±2.0 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [85]
攀西白草 正长岩 257.9±2.3 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
红格地区 大老包黑云母二长花岗岩 255.1±3.6 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [86]
攀西矮郎河 高铝花岗岩 255.2±3.6 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
镁铁-超镁铁侵入岩 四川新街 辉长岩 259±3 SHRIMP U-Pb [87]
云南洱海 辉长岩中的金云母 254±5 Ar-Ar [75]
四川德昌茨达乡 层状辉长岩中的黑云母 256.6±5.1 Ar-Ar [88]
四川攀枝花 辉长岩 263±3.0 SHRIMP U-Pb [89]
四川攀枝花红格 辉长岩 259.3±1.3 ID-TIMS [90]
四川攀枝花丙谷 角闪辉长岩 260.7±0.8 ID-TIMS
云南白马寨 辉长岩 258.5±3.6 SHRIMP U-Pb [91]
攀枝花铁矿层 辉长岩中的黑云母 256.85±2.69 Ar-Ar [92]
四川杨柳坪 苦橄质基性-超基性岩中的金云母 250.2±1.9 Ar-Ar
云南白马寨 含铂铜镍硫化物矿 249±32 Re-Os
云南弥渡县 蛇纹石化橄榄岩 260.6±3.5 SHRIMP U-Pb [93]
云南弥渡县 斜长角闪石岩 260.7±5.6 SHRIMP U-Pb
四川会理力马河 辉长岩 263±3 SHRIMP U-Pb [81]
攀西地区大板山 镁铁-超镁铁质杂岩体 259.69 ± 0.61 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [94]
四川德昌茨达乡 二辉橄榄岩 243.76±0.77 LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb [82]
四川白马 辉长岩 258.2±2.2 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [83]
攀枝花 辉长岩 257.9±2.4 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀枝花 辉长岩 255.4±3.1 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀枝花红格 辉长岩 258.7±2.0 SIMS U-Pb
攀枝花红格 辉长岩 258.9±2.1 SIMS U-Pb
四川太和镇 辉长岩 258.8±2.3 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀西Nantianwan 辉长苏长岩 259.7±0.6 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [95]
四川盐源平川 辉长岩 259.7±1.2 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [96]
云南棉花地地区 变辉长岩 259.6±0.8 LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb [97]
云南大理 辉长岩 257±3 LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb [98]
攀枝花米易 辉长岩 256±3.3 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [99]
Dabanshan 辉长岩 259.9±1.1 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [100]
Dabanshan 辉长苏长岩 260.3±1.3 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
岩墙/岩脉 四川盐源 超基性-基性岩脉,橄榄辉长岩 262±3 SHRIMP U-Pb [101]
云南富宁 辉绿岩 260±3 SHRIMP U-Pb [77]
攀西地区 基性岩脉 242±2 SHRIMP U-Pb [102]
贵州罗甸 辉绿岩 255.0±0.62 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [103]
四川白马镇 高钛基性岩脉 259.2±0.4 CA-TIMS U-Pb [84]
四川白马镇 高钛基性岩脉 259.4±0.8 CA-TIMS U-Pb
四川白马镇 高钛基性岩脉 257.6±0.5 CA-TIMS U-Pb
云南富民 辉绿岩墙 257.6±2.0 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [104]
四川冕宁庙高山 辉绿岩墙 256.7±4.3 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀枝花 苦橄质岩脉 261.4±4.6 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [105]
攀西炉库 无矿正长岩脉 255.6±1.5 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [85]
攀西炉库 含矿正长岩脉 256.7±4.4 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
攀西白草 含矿正长岩脉 257.8±1.3 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
桂西玉凤 辉绿岩 255.3±3.9 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb [106]
桂西巴马 辉绿岩 257.6±2.9 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
图6 峨眉山大火成岩省年龄统计图(数据来源于 表1 )
Fig.6 Statistical figure of age for ELIP (data from Table 1 )
图7 宣威组来源推测示意图 [ 67 ]
Fig.7 Schematic illustration showing a possible origin of the Xuanwei Formation [ 67 ]
图8 峨眉山大火成岩省岩墙群收敛中心,穹隆中心以及苦橄岩分布中心位置图(据参考文献 [127]修改)
Fig.8 The location map of the centre of dyke swarm concentration, and the centre of dome uplift, and the centre of picrite distribution in Emeishan Large Igneous Province ( modified after reference[127] )
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