地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 1253 -1266. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.12.1253

所属专题： IODP研究； 深海科学研究；

大洋钻探科学目标展望 上一篇    下一篇

全球俯冲带大洋钻探进展与启示
林间 1, 2( ), 徐敏 1, 周志远 1, 王月 1   
  1. 1.中国科学院边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东 广州 510301
    2.伍兹霍尔海洋研究所,美国马萨诸塞州 伍兹霍尔 02543
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-31 修回日期:2017-11-21 出版日期:2017-12-20
  • 基金资助:
    *中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目“北印度洋‘莫克兰研究计划’:俯冲带岩浆与流体活动的立体探测研究”(编号:QYZDY-SSW-DQC005);中国科学院马里亚纳海沟计划项目“马里亚纳海沟动力学机制及极端环境研究”(编号:Y4SL021001)资助.

Ocean Drilling Investigation of the Global Subduction Processes

Jian Lin 1, 2( ), Min Xu 1, Zhiyuan Zhou 1, Yue Wang 1   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
    2.Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA
  • Received:2017-10-31 Revised:2017-11-21 Online:2017-12-20 Published:2018-03-06
  • About author:

    First author:Lin Jian(1959-), male, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, Senior Scientist. Research areas include marine geology and geophysics.E-mail:jlin@whoi.edu

  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences “Northern Indian Ocean Makran trench initiative: Three-dimensional detection of subduction zone Magma and fluid activity”(No.QYZDY-SSW-DQC005);Mariana Trench Initiative Project, Chinese Academy of Sciences “Dynamic mechanism and extreme environment of the Mariana Trench”(No.Y4SL021001).
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俯冲带是地球最重要的板块边界之一,对研究地球内部的物质与化学成分循环、岛弧与陆壳的形成以及地震与海啸机制至关重要。大洋钻探对于研究俯冲带过程具有不可替代的作用。回顾了全球俯冲带过程的大洋钻探研究,简述近年来取得的重要进展、科学目标以及对我国大洋钻探发展规划的启示。

关键词: 大洋钻探, 俯冲带, 孕震带

Subduction zones are one of the most critical types of plate boundary of the Earth system, crucial for the global geochemical recycling of the Earth system, genesis of island arc and continental crust, and mechanisms of earthquake and tsunami processes. Ocean drilling plays an essential role in advancing our understanding of the subduction processes. This paper highlights the recent progress and scientific goals of the international ocean drilling programs in subduction systems and discusses implications for strategic planning of the future ocean drilling initiatives.

Key words: Ocean drilling expeditions, Subduction zones, Seismogenic zones.

中图分类号: 

图1 俯冲带主要的输入、产出、流体、岩浆通道以及岛弧地壳结构示意图 [ 1 ]
Fig.1 Cartoon of a subduction zone showing major inputs (I), outputs (O), fluid and magma pathways, and arc crustal structure [ 1 ]
图2 全球俯冲带大洋钻探位置
红色圆圈为IODP“决心号”站位,红色五角星为IODP“地球号”站位,黄色圆圈为ODP站位,红线代表俯冲带位置
Fig.2 Ocean drilling locations of the global subduction zones
IODP JOIDES Resolution, IODP Chikyu, and ODP sites are shown by red circles, red stars, and yellow circles, respectively. Red lines indicate the locations of the major subduction zones discussed
表1 全球俯冲带大洋钻探航次一览表 [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]
Table 1 Subduction Zone Drilling Expeditions [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]
大洋钻探计划 航次名称 航次号 钻探实施国际组织 起始港口 时间
大洋钻探计划
ODP航次
(1983—2003年)		 Peru Continental Margin 112 USIO Callao, Peru 1986/10/20-
1986/12/25
Bonin/Mariana Region 125 USIO Guam, USA 1989/02/16-
1989/04/18
Izu-Bonin Arc-Trench System 126 USIO Tokyo, Japan 1989/04/18-
1989/06/19
Old Pacific Crust/Pigafetta
and Mariana Basins		 129 USIO Guam, USA 1989/11/20-
1990/01/19
Nankai Trough 131 USIO Guam, USA 1990/03/27-
1990/06/01
Lau Basin 135 USIO Suva, Fiji 1990/12/17-
1991/02/28
Cascadia Margin 146 USIO Victoria, Columbia,
Canada		 1992/09/20/-
1992/11/22
Caribbean Ocean History 165 USIO Miami, Florida, USA 1995/12/21-
1996/02/17
Izu-Mariana Margin 185 USIO Hong Kong, China 1999/04/12-
1999/06/14
Nankai Trough Accretionary Prism 190 USIO Sydney, Australia 2000/05/06-
2000/07/16
Nankai Trough Accretionary Prism: LWD and ACORK 196 USIO Keelung, Chinese
Taipei		 2001/05/02-
2001/07/01
Cascadia Margin Gas Hydrates 204 USIO Victoria, British
Columbia		 2002/07/07-
2002/09/02
Costa Rica Continental
Margin CORK		 205 USIO Victoria, British
Columbia		 2002/09/02-
2002/11/06
综合大洋钻探
计划IODP航次
(2003—2013年)		 Cascadia Margin Gas Hydrates 311 USIO Astoria, USA 2005/08/28-
2005/10/29
NanTroSEIZE Stage 1:LWD Transect 314 CDEX Shingu, Japan 2007/09/21-
2007/11/15
NanTroSEIZE Stage 1: Megasplay Riser Pilot 315 CDEX Shingu, Japan 2007/11/16-
2007/12/18
NanTroSEIZE Stage 1: Shallow Megasplay and Frontal Thrusts 316 CDEX Shingu, Japan 2007/12/19-
2008/02/05
NanTroSEIZE Stage 2: Riser/Riserless Observatory 1 319 CDEX Shingu, Japan 2009/09/01-
2009/10/10
NanTroSEIZE Stage 2: Subduction Input 322 CDEX Shingu, Japan 2009/09/01-
2009/10/10
NanTroSEIZE Stage 3: Plate Boundary Deep Riser 1 326 CDEX Shingu, Japan 2010/07/15-
2010/08/08
Cascadia ACORK Observatory 328 USIO Victoria, Canada 2010/09/04-
2010/09/18
NanTroSEIZE Stage 2: Riserless Observatory 332 CDEX Shingu, Japan 2010/10/25-
2010/12/12
NanTroSEIZE Stage 2: Subduction Inputs 2 and Heat Flow 333 CDEX Shingu, Japan 2010/12/13-
2011/01/10
Costa Rica Seismogenesis Project (CRISP) 334 USIO Puntarenas,
Costa Rica		 2011/03/15-
2011/04/13
NanTroSEIZE Stage 3-Plate Boundary Deep Riser 2 338 CDEX Shingu, Japan 2012/10/01-
2013/01/13
SCIMPI 341S USIO Victoria, Canada 2013/05/20-
2013/05/29
大洋钻探计划 航次名称 航次号 钻探实施国际组织 起始港口 时间
综合大洋钻探
计划IODP航次
(2003—2013年)		 Japan Trench Fast Drilling
Project		 343 CDEX Shimizu, Japan 2012/04/01-
2012/05/24
Japan Trench Fast Drilling
Project II		 343T CDEX Hachinohe,
Japan		 2012/07/05-
2012/07/19
Costa Rica Seismogenesis Project A Stage 2 (CRISP-A2) 344 USIO Balboa,
Panama		 2012/10/23-
2012/12/11
国际大洋发现
计划IODP航次
(2014年—)		 NanTroSEIZE Stage 3, Plate Boundary Deep Riser 348 CDEX Shimizu, Japan 2013/09/13-
2014/01/29
Izu Bonin Mariana: Rear Arc 350 USIO Keelung, Chinese Taipei 2014/03/30-
2014/05/30
Izu Bonin Mariana: Arc Origins 351 USIO Yokohama, Japan 2014/05/30-
2014/07/30
Izu Bonin Mariana: Forearc 352 USIO Yokohama, Japan 2014/07/30-
2014/09/29
NanTroSEIZE: Riser Hole at C0002 (subject to funding) 358 CDEX TBD 2018/2019
Sumatra Seismogenic Zone 362 JRSO Colombo, Sri Lanka 2016/08/06-
2016/10/06
NanTroSEIZE Shallow Megasplay Long-Term Borehole Monitoring System 365 CDEX Shimizu, Japan 2016/03/26-
2016/04/27
Mariana Convergent Margin 366 JRSO Guam, USA 2016/12/08-
2017/02/07
Tasman Frontier Subduction Initiation and Paleogene Climate 371 JRSO Townsville, Australia 2017/07/27-
2017/09/26
Hikurangi Subduction Margin Observatory 375 JRSO Wellington, New Zealand 2018/03/08-
2018/05/05
NanTroSEIZE Frontal Thrust Borehole Monitoring System 380 CDEX Shimizu, Japan 2017/10/26-
2017/12/05
图3 哥斯达黎加俯冲带 [ 6 ]
(a)大洋钻探344航次区域地形和水深图;(b) 钟探区域广角地震测线解释
Fig.3 Costa Rica subduction zone [ 6 ]
(a) Topographic and bathymetric map of the IODP Expedition 344 drilling area; (b) Wide-angle seismic section of a seismic profile from the drill sites
图4 卡斯卡迪亚俯冲带 [ 7 ]
(a)卡斯卡迪亚俯冲带钻探位置及水深图,黑色线条指示海王星(NEPTUNE)海底观测网的电缆布放位置;(b)俯冲带增生楔天然气水合物和类海底反射层的形成机理示意图
Fig.4 Cascadia subduction zone [ 7 ]
(a) Map showing regional bathymetry around locations of drill sites, black line indicates the NEPTUNE cable route; (b) Schematic illustration of the formation of gas hydrates and associated bottom-simulating reflectors in subduction zone accretionary prisms
图5 伊豆—小笠原—马里亚纳俯冲带 [ 8 ]
(a)东菲律宾海及伊豆—小笠原—马里亚纳岛弧系统区域水深图,红色五角星为IODP350(钻孔U1436和U1437),351和352航次钻探位置;(b)穿过钻孔U1436和U1437的广角地震P波速度剖面,绿色部分指示下地壳速度,蓝色指示地幔速度;(c)马里亚纳俯冲带弧前蛇纹石化泥火山形成的示意图
Fig.5 Izu-Bonin-Mariana subduction zone [ 8 ]
(a) Bathymetric features of the Eastern Philippine Sea, IBM arc system, and locations of the Expedition 350 (Site U1436 and U1437) and 351 and 352 sites; (b) Wide-angle seismic profile across U1436 and U1437 with P-wave velocities of the lower crust (greens) and mantle (blues); (c) Schematic cross section of serpentinite mud volcano formation in the Mariana forearc
表2 各俯冲带大洋钻探航次 [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]
Table 2 Ocean drilling expeditions to individual subduction zones [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]
俯冲带 航次号 航次区域 年份
哥斯达黎加(Costa Rica)
俯冲带		 ODP170 Costa Rica Continental Margin CORK 1996
ODP205 Costa Rica Continental Margin CORK 2002
IODP334 Costa Rica Seismogenesis Project-CRISP 2011
IODP344 Costa Rica Seismogenesis Project A Stage 2-CRISP-A2 2012
伊豆—小笠原—马里亚纳(Izu-Bonin-Mariana)俯冲带 ODP125 Bonin/Mariana Region 1989
ODP126 Izu-Bonin Arc-Trench System 1989
ODP129 Old Pacific Crust/Pigafetta and Mariana Basins 1990
ODP185 Izu-Mariana Margin 1999
IODP350 Izu Bonin Mariana: Rear Arc 2014
IODP351 Izu Bonin Mariana: Arc Origins 2014
IODP352 Izu Bonin Mariana: Forearc 2014
IODP366 Mariana Convergent Margin 2016—2017
卡斯卡迪亚(Cascadia )
俯冲带		 ODP146 Cascadia Margin 1992
ODP204 Gas Hydrate-Cascadia Marin 2002
IODP311 Cascadia Margin Gas Hydrates 2005
IODP328 Cascadia ACORK Observatory 2010
日本南海(Nankai)
俯冲带		 ODP131 Nankai Trough 1990
ODP190 Nankai Trough Accretionary Prism 2000
ODP196 Nankai Trough Accretionary Prism: LWD and ACORK 2001
IODP314 NanTroSEIZE Stage 1:LWD Transect 2007
IODP315 NanTroSEIZE Stage 1: Megasplay Riser Pilot 2007
IODP316 NanTroSEIZE Stage 1: Shallow Megasplay and Frontal Thrusts 2008
IODP319 NanTroSEIZE Stage 2: Riser/Riserless Observatory 1 2009
IODP322 NanTroSEIZE Stage 2: Subduction Inputs 2009
IODP326 NanTroSEIZE Stage 3: Plate Boundary Deep Riser 1 2010
IODP332 NanTroSEIZE Stage 2: Riserless Observatory 2 2010
IODP333 NanTroSEIZE Stage 2:Inputs Coring 2 and Heat Flow 2011
IODP343 Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project 2012
IODP343T Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project 2012
IODP338 NanTroSEIZE Stage 3: Plate Boundary Deep Riser 2 2012—2013
IODP348 NanTroSEIZE Stage 3: Plate Boundary Deep Riser 2012—2014
IODP365 NanTroSEIZE: Shallow Megasplay Long-Term Borehole Monitoring System(LTBMS) 2016—2016
IODP380 NanTroSEIZE Frontal Thrust Borehole Monitoring System 2017
IODP358 NanTroSEIZE: Riser Hole at C0002(subject to funding) 2018
单个大洋钻探航次的
俯冲带		 ODP112 Peru Continental Margin 1986
ODP135 Lau Basin 1990—1991
IODP362 Sumatra Seismogenic Zone 2016
IODP371 Tasman Frontier Subduction Initiation and Paleogene Climate 2017
IODP375 Hikurangi Subduction Margin Observatory 2018
图6 日本南海俯冲带 [ 11 ]
(a)“地球号”在日本南海海槽钻探位置;(b)日本DONET海底观测网示意图
Fig.6 Nankai subduction zone [ 11 ]
(a)“Chikyu”drill sites on Japan Nankai Trough; (b) Japan DONET seafloor observation network system
图7 苏门达腊俯冲带 [ 12 ]
(a)IODP362研究区域水深图,红色圆圈代表钻井位置;(b)穿过钻井U1480的反射地震剖面及解释;(c)穿过钻井U1481的反射地震剖面及解释
Fig.7 Sumatra subduction zone [ 12 ]
(a) Bathymetry and location of seismic lines in the region of IODP Expedition 362, drill sites are shown with red circles; Time migrated seismic line across drill sites U1480 (b) and U1481 (c)
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