干旱区包气带土壤水分运移及其对地下水补给研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.09.0908

包气带是指地表到地下水之间垂直剖面中土壤孔隙没有被水充满、水分处于非饱和状态的区域,是地表水进入地下水的通道。包气带土壤水分运移过程不仅影响到地下水补给,而且与相邻景观之间存在水力联系。评述了干旱区包气带土壤水分运移模拟、地球化学示踪技术、地球物理技术在包气带土壤水分运移研究中的应用、影响包气带土壤水分运移及对地下水补给的因素、包气带水分运移对景观间水分交换的影响等方面的研究进展,提出在未来的研究中,应加强包气带土壤水分运移参数的试验观测及数据库建立、加强包气带土壤水分运移及其对地下水补给的研究,应借鉴地球关键带研究的思路,开展包气带土壤水分运移、溶质运移、地下水补给耦合研究。

关键词: 干旱区, 包气带, 土壤水分运移, 地下水补给

The vadose zone is the zone in between the land surface and above the groundwater table at vertical profile with partial water saturation and under the unsaturation condition, which constitutes the connections among atmospheric water, surface water and groundwater. Soil moisture migration in the vadose zone is a rather complicate process, which controls the rates of groundwater depletion and recharge, and has close hydraulic connections with highly frequent water transfers on the interfaces among the irrigation farmland, sand dunes, wetlands, lakes, and other landscape types. Recent development on soil moisture migration simulations and the application of tracer techniques, geophysical techniques and other geological methods in the vadose zone research, the factors affecting soil moisture migration and groundwater recharge,and soil moisture migration effects on moisture exchange between different landscapes were reviewed in this paper. Several suggestions on the future research were presented here: ① An intense field observation and research database should be initiated and constructed to determine the soil hydraulic parameters, and quantify the influence of moisture migration in vadose zone on the groundwater recharge; ② The proposed observations and researches should learn from the “Critical Zone Observatory”, and focus on the coupling of the soil moisture migration, solute transport and groundwater recharge.

Key words: Dryland, Vadose zone, Soil moisture migration, Groundwater recharge.

中图分类号:

P641.131

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Advances in Moisture Migration in Vadose Zone of Dryland and Recharge Effects on Groundwater Dynamics