北冰洋酸化指标——海水文石饱和度变异的研究进展
  <sup>*</sup>

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2014.05.0569

文石饱和度(Ω_文石)是评估海洋酸化及对海洋钙质生物影响的重要指标之一。海洋吸收CO₂引起海洋酸化,导致Ω_文石显著下降。模式研究预测表明北冰洋表层海水将成为最先出现Ω_文石小于1的世界大洋。本文通过对北冰洋Ω_文石有关研究进行归纳总结,重点阐述了北冰洋Ω_文石的分布特征,讨论海-气CO₂交换过程、融冰过程以及生物过程等因素对北冰洋Ω_文石分布的影响,展望未来的变化趋势和提出一些关键的科学问题。

关键词: 文石饱和度, 海洋酸化, 模型预测, 海冰融化, 北冰洋

：Aragonite saturation state (Ω_arg) is a key parameter to assess the calcifying marine organisms’ impacts of ocean acidification. Oceans are becoming more acidic and lend to the decreased of the aragonite saturation state. The Arctic Ocean is an important part of the global ocean system with a unique larger continental shelve and rupit sea ice declineing. Model simulations have presented the Arctic Ocean are expected to become the first undersaturated (Ω_arg <1) in deep oceans. However, there are still no enough adequate data to be gained due to geological politics and harsh environments. This paper attempts to summarize some?conclusion?and?implications?of?the?research, focused the spatial and temporal distributions of Ω_arg and to discuss their driving factors, including sea-air CO₂ exchange, sea ice melt, biological processes etc.. The tendency of Ω_arg in the context of Arctic Ocean acidification and sea-ice retreat are also touched upon.

Key words: Aragonite saturation state, Ocean acidification, Model simulations, Rapid sea-ice retreat, Arctic Ocean.

中图分类号:

P734
P76

图1 西北冰洋 Ω _文石平面分布 ^{[

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Fig 1. Surface distribution of Ω _arg in the Western Arctic Ocean ^{[

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图2 北太平洋和北冰洋 Ω _arg断面分布 ^{[

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]} 航次站位以北太平洋温哥华岛为起点,环绕北美洲北部沿岸,途经NP(北太平洋)、BS(白令海)、CS(楚科奇海)、CB(加拿大海盆)、CAA(加拿大北极群岛)、BB表示巴芬湾和LS(拉布拉多海),最终到达北大西洋北部纽芬兰。灰色部分表示海底地形,黑色圆点表示采样站位和层位

Fig 2. Distribution of Ω _arg in the North Pacific and Western Arctic Ocean ^{[

26
]} Hydrographic stations were occupied around northern North America The transect, starting from Vancouver Island in the North Pacific and ending at Newfoundland in the North Atlantic, crosses seven hydrographical domains: NP. North Pracific; CS. Chukchi Sea; BS. Bering Sea; CB. Canada Basin; CAA.Canadian Arctic Archipelago; BB. Baffin Bay; LS. Labrador Sea

图3 北冰洋加拿大海盆 Ω _文石与融冰水比例(f _SIM)关系 ^{[

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]}

Fig 3. Relationship between Ω _aragoniteand f _SIM in the surface water of Canadian Basin ^{[

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]}

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Review on Researches of Aragonite Saturation State in the Arctic Ocean: A Key Parameter of Arctic Ocean Acidification