生长速率假说及其在浮游动物营养动力学中的研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2012.11.1204

生物体由元素组成，其生长、繁殖以及代谢过程均涉及营养元素的吸收、利用与储存。有机体的P含量决定了RNA的形成，并作用于核糖体，进而对蛋白质和生长速率产生影响。浮游动物体内P含量增加，以及C∶ P和N∶ P的降低，主要反映了不同生长速率下，富P的核糖体RNA含量的改变。关于生长速率假说(Growth Rate Hypothesis，GRH)的研究表明，在低C∶P、高P含量的饵料条件下，浮游动物C∶ P和N∶P的稳态性特征发生改变，将获取的P分配至RNA中，增加蛋白质合成，提高生长速率；反之，浮游动物的次级生产力将会降低，C的同化效率和传递效率下降，进而对生态系统的C收支产生影响。加强浮游动物GRH的研究，有助于增强对生态系统C收支以及未来变化过程的认识。

关键词: 生长速率假说, 生态化学计量学, 浮游动物, P

All organisms are composed of the same major elements, which uptakes, incorporation and storage would affect the organism growth, reproduction and metabolism processes. Phosphorus (P) determined the amount of rRNA in many organisms, which would constrain consumer concentrations of ribosome and thus protein synthesis and growth rate. P content increase and thus decreased C: [P and N: P ratios in many biota have been hypothesized to reflect P-rich ribosomal RNA at different growth rates(the Growth Rate Hypothesis, GRH). The GRH denoted that the C:P and N:P homeostasis in zooplankton fed with low C: ]P and high P food would deviate and increase allocation to Prich RNA to meet the protein synthesis demands of rapid growth; otherwise, secondary production would decrease and reduce C assimilation and transfer efficiency which would strongly bear on the sequestration of C in ecosystems. This paper reviews the framework of GRH in zooplankton, which aims to enhance the insight for C cycling and sequestration in ecosystems and their future tendency.

Key words: Growth rate hypothesis, Ecological stoichiometry, Zooplankton, P

中图分类号:

Q179.1

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摘要

Growth Rate Hypothesis Research Progresses: Implications for Zooplankton