北太平洋涡旋振荡研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2011.11.1143

从观测事实和动力机制两方面，对近年发现的新的气候模态——北太平洋涡旋振荡(NPGO) 的研究成果进行系统总结。NPGO的空间结构表现为北太平洋上海表高度异常(SSHA) 的正负中心呈南北偶极子分布，当NPGO位于正位相时，南北涡流都加强，这种加强是由风应力旋度及风生涌流所驱动的。关于NPGO的机制研究发现，NPGO是中纬太平洋大气在海洋的表现，且热带与中纬度之间的大气、海洋耦合动力机制对NPGO波动的产生也有影响。并初步提出今后研究的重点：北太平洋气候模态空间结构的改变问题；大气与NPGO之间相互作用的机理；NPGO在生态迁移中所起的作用；NPGO对我国天气气候低频变异的影响。

关键词: 北太平洋, 涡旋振荡, 气候模态, 年代际变化

The studies of the new climate mode-North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) were reviewed, focusing on the observation phenomenon and dynamic mechanisms. The spatial structure of NPGO mode was characterized by a dipole-like center of the sea surface height anomalies in the North Pacific.The NPGO represented an intensification of both the subpolar and subtropical gyres when in positive phase, and this intensification was driven by openocean wind stress curl anomalies and by variations in wind-driven coastal upwelling. The NPGO was the oceanic express of the mid-latitude atmospheric NPO. The tropical coupled dynamics were involved in forcing the NPGO fluctuations, suggesting that the coupling effect of atmosphere and ocean between tropical Pacific and mid-latitude Pacific was important to illustrate the dynamic mechanisms of NPGO. Meanwhile, future prospects were advanced as follows: the variations of spatial structure of climate modes in the North Pacific; the relationship and interaction between atmospheric mode and NPGO mode; the roles of NPGO in the ecological transition; the influence of NPGO to interdecadal climate variabilities in China. 

Key words: North Pacific, Gyre oscillation, Climate modes, Interdecadal variability

中图分类号:

P732.5

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Advances in the Study of North Pacific Gyre Oscillation