我国月球探测的总体科学目标与发展战略

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2004.03.0351

地球科学进展 ›› 2004, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (3): 351 -358. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2004.03.0351

研究论文下一篇

我国月球探测的总体科学目标与发展战略

欧阳自远

中国科学院地球化学研究所，贵州贵阳550002；中国科学院国家天文台，北京100012

收稿日期:2004-04-09 修回日期:2004-04-19 出版日期:2004-12-20
通讯作者: 欧阳自远（1935-），男，江西上饶人，研究员，中国科学院院士，中国月球探测首席科学家，主要从事天体化学和比较行星学研究. E-mail:E-mail：ouyangzy@bao.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“月面物质一些元素及其地球化学应用”（编号：40373037）资助

SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES OF CHINESE LUNAR EXPLORATION PROJECT AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

OUYANG Ziyuan

1.Institute of Geochemistry, CAS, Guiyang 550002,China; 2.National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012,China

Received:2004-04-09 Revised:2004-04-19 Online:2004-12-20 Published:2004-06-01

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在简述月球探测的历程与趋势的基础上，强调当代月球探测的总体目标为：①研究月球与地月系的起源和演化，特别是月球大气层与磁场的消失，矿物与岩石的分布和形成环境、月壤和内部层圈结构的形成以及月球演化的历程；②探测月球的资源、能源和特殊环境的开发利用及对人类社会长期可持续发展的支撑。我国不载人月球探测划分为绕、落、回三个阶段。为了全球性、整体性重新认识月球，绕月卫星探测的科学目标是为了获取全月面三维影像，探测14种有用元素的全球分布与丰度，探测月壤厚度并估算氦3资源量以及太阳活动对空间环境的影响。"落"为月球探测器软着陆就位探测和月球车巡视探测，建立月基光学、低频射电和极紫外天文观测平台。"回"为月球探测器软着陆就位探测和取样返回地面。

关键词: 月球探测, 科学目标, 发展战略, 中国

The author briefly sums up the evolution history and development trend of lunar exploration and considers the general objectives of modern lunar exploration as following in this paper: (1) Researches on the origin and evolution of the Moon and the system of the EarthMoon, especially the disappearance of lunar atmosphere and magnetic field, distribution and formation environment of lunar minerals and rocks, formation of lunar regolith and the inner structure of the Moon as well as the evolution history of the Moon; (2) Exploration of lunar resource, energy and special environment as well as its supporting capacity for social sustainable development on the Earth. Based on the above analyses, the Chinese lunar exploration project is established and includes three steps. The first step of Chinese lunar exploration project will start with remote sensing detecting on the satellite around the moon. The main scientific objectives of the first project include acquirement of three dimensional atlas of the moon' s surface, the global distribution and abundance of the abundant usable 14 elements and the thickness of the lunar regolith and estimation of He-3 reservoir as well as the effect of solar activity on the space environment near the moon. The second project will send soft landing detector and the lunar rover. Its main objectives is the geological、geochemical and geophysical exploration of the landing area, and establishment of the astronomical observation. The main scientific objectives of the third project is to collect lunar specimens and return to the Earth.

Key words: China., Lunar exploration, Scientific objectives, Development strategy

中图分类号:

P184

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