大孔径闪烁仪在黑河流域的应用分析研究

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.11.1208

地球科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (11): 1208 -1216. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.11.1208

大孔径闪烁仪在黑河流域的应用分析研究

王维真 ¹，徐自为 ²，李新 ¹，王介民 ^{1, 2}，张智慧 ¹

1.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所，甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 北京师范大学遥感科学国家重点实验室，地理学与遥感科学学院，北京 100875

收稿日期:2010-05-25 修回日期:2010-09-07 出版日期:2010-11-10
通讯作者: 王维真 E-mail:weizhen@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“干旱区绿洲化、荒漠化过程及其对人类活动、气候变化的响应与调控”(编号：2009CB421305)；国家自然科学基金项目“复杂条件下湍流通量的观测与分析研究”（编号：40875006）；公益性行业（气象）科研专项“大尺度水热通量观测系统的研制与应用研究”（编号：GYHY200706046）资助.

A Study of Applications of Large Aperture Scintillometer in the Heihe River Basin

Wang Weizhen ¹, Xu Ziwei ², Li Xin ¹, Wang Jiemin ^1,2, Zhang Zhihui ¹

1.Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Received:2010-05-25 Revised:2010-09-07 Online:2010-11-10 Published:2010-11-10

下载PDF ( 1355 )

大孔径闪烁仪（LAS）是近年来发展较快的一种新型通量测量仪器，用以观测较大尺度上的感热通量变化。“黑河流域遥感—地面观测同步试验”项目在黑河上、中游地区不同下垫面上建立了多个地面站，除常规气象参数、各辐射分量、土壤温湿梯度和热流以及涡动相关（EC）通量外，还在黑河上游阿柔冻融站及中游临泽草地站架设有大孔径闪烁仪。依据有关观测，着重分析大孔径闪烁仪所测感热通量的日、季变化特征。阿柔站所用数据时间段为2008年3月至2009年12月，临泽草地站为2008年5~8月。在与涡动相关通量数据进行对比分析中，除依据解析模式计算分析EC及LAS的源区差异及有关影响外，对不同大气稳定度下大孔径闪烁仪观测资料的质量控制、感热通量的计算方法等做了仔细分析，以提高LAS通量结果的总体质量。长期观测资料分析表明，大孔径闪烁仪与涡动相关仪的感热[JP2]通量及其时间变化有较好的对应关系。部分时段的较明显差异，主要由二者源区所含下垫面类型的不同引起。多数情况下，LAS所测感热通量比EC的有关结果偏大，可能因为LAS的源区一般远比EC的大，大孔径闪烁仪所测通量有天然的面积平均效果。

关键词: 大孔径闪烁仪, 涡动相关仪, 黑河流域, 感热通量

As a new flux measuring instrument, Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS), which can measure sensible heat flux in large scales, has developed rapidly in recent years. A great number of ground stations were established over different surfaces in the upper and middle reaches of Heihe river basin, supported by the project “Watershed Airborne Telemetry Experimental Research (WATER)”. In addition to conventional meteorological parameters, radiation components, soil temperature/soil moisture, soil heat flux and Eddy Covariance system (EC), large aperture scintillometers were erected in the Arou freeze/thawing observation station (upper reaches) and Linze grassland station (middle reaches). This paper focused on the analysis of the diurnal and seasonal variations of sensible heat flux measured by LAS, and used the observation data from March, 2008 to December, 2009 at Arou station and from May to August, 2008 at Linze grassland station. In order to improve the overall quality of LAS measurements, analyzing carefully not only the difference of EC and LAS source area (based on analytical models) and the relevant influences, but also the quality control of LAS measurement data under different atmosphere stabilities and the calculation methods of sensible heat flux by the relative analysis with EC data were analyzed carefully. Long-term data analysis showed that: There were good correlations in sensible heat flux and its time variation between LAS and EC measurements. There were also significant differences in part time, which was caused mainly by the different underlying surfaces in their source areas. In most cases, the LAS measurements were on average larger than the EC′s. The reason seems that EC has a smaller source area than LAS, whose measurement has the effect of a natural area averaged fluxes.

Key words: Large aperture scintillometer, Eddy covariance system, Heihe river basin, Sensible heat flux

中图分类号:

P404

[1] Wang Jiemin, Wang Weizhen, Ao Yinhuan, et al. Turbulence flux measurements under complicated conditions[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2007, 22 (8): 791-797.[王介民，王维真，奥银焕，等. 复杂条件下湍流通量的观测与分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2007, 22 (8): 791-797.]
[2] Li Xin, Ma Mingguo, Wang Jian, et al. Simultaneous remote sensing and ground based experiment in the Heihe river basin: Scientific objectives and experiment design[J].Advances in Earth Science,2008, 23 (9) :897-914.[李新，马明国，王建，等. 黑河流域遥感—地面观测同步试验：科学目标与试验方案[J], 地球科学进展, 2008, 23(9): 897-914.]
[3] Meijninger W M L, De Bruin H A R. The sensible heat fluxes over irrigated areas in western Turkey determined with a large aperture scintillometer[J].Journal of Hydrology,2000, 229:42-49.
[4] Wang Weizhen, Xu Ziwei, Liu Shaomin, et al.The characteristics of heat and water vapor fluxex over different surfaces in the Heihe river basin[J].Advances in Earth Science,2009, 24 (7): 723-733.[王维真，徐自为，刘绍民，等. 黑河流域不同下垫面水热通量特征分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2009, 24 (7): 723-733.]
[5] Lu Li, Liu Shaomin, Sun Minzhang, et al. Advances in the study of areal surface fluxes with large aperture scintillometer[J].Advances in Earth Science,2005, 20 (9): 932-938.[卢俐，刘绍民，孙敏章，等.大孔径闪烁仪研究区域地表通量的进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2005, 20 (9): 932-938.]
[6] McAneney K J, Green A E, Astill M S. Large aperture scintillometry: The homogeneous case[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,1995, 76:149-162.
[7] Meijninger W M L, Hartogensis O K, Kohsiek W. Determination of area averaged sensible heat fluxes with a large aperture scintillometer over a heterogeneous surface-Flevoland field experiment[J].Boundary-Layer Meteorology,2002,105: 37-62.
[8] Kohseik W, Meijninger W M L, De Bruin H A R, et al. Saturation of the large aperture scintillometer[J].Boundary-Layer Meteorology,2006, 121: 111-126.
[9] Andreas E L. Estimating C²_nover snow and sea ice from meteorological data[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1988, 5: 481-495.
[10] Lee X, Massman W, Law B, eds. Handbook of Micrometeorology: A Guide for Surface Flux Measurement and Analysis[M].Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher,2004.
[11] Xu Ziwei, Liu Shaomin, Gong Lijuan, et al. A study on the data processing and quality assessment of the eddy covariance system[J].Advances in Earth Science,2008, 23 (4): 357-370.[徐自为，刘绍民，宫丽娟,等. 涡动相关仪观测数据的处理与质量评价研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2008, 23 (4): 357-370.]
[12] Shuang Xi, Liu Shaomin, Xu Ziwei, et al. Investigation of spatial representativeness fro surface flux measurements in the Heihe river basin[J].Advances in Earth Science, 2009, 24(7): 724-733.[双喜，刘绍民，徐自为，等.黑河流域观测通量的空间代表性研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2009, 24(7): 724-733.]
[13] Von Randow, Bart Kruijt, Albert AM Holtslag, et al. Exploring eddy-covariance and large-aperture scintillometer measurements in an Amazonian rain forest[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2008, 148: 680-690.
[14] Finnigan J J, Clement R, Malhi Y, et al. A reevaluation of long-term flux measurement techniques part I: Averaging and coordinate rotation[J]. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 2003, 107: 1-48.
[15] Kormann R, Meixner F X. An analytic footprint model for non-neutral stratification[J].Boundary-Layer Meteorology,2001, 99: 207-224.
[16] Xu Ziwei, Liu Shaomin, Wang Weizhen, et al. Evapotranspiration Measurements over Different Surfaces in the Heihe River Basin, China. Biohydrology of Farmland under Desertification[R].Japan: SPA & Water Press, 2010:86-106.

[1]	吴胜标, 闻建光, 刘强, 窦宝成, 游冬琴. 黑河流域地表反照率估算及其时空特征分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(6): 680-690.
[2]	曹斌, 张廷军, 彭小清, 郑雷, 牟翠翠, 王庆峰. 黑河流域年冻融指数及其时空变化特征分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(3): 357-366.
[3]	熊喆. 不同积云对流参数化方案对黑河流域降水模拟的影响[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(5): 590-597.
[4]	盖迎春, 李新, 田伟, 张艳林, 王维真, 胡晓利. 黑河流域中游人工水循环系统在分水前后的变化[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(2): 285-294.
[5]	罗维均, 王世杰, 刘秀明. 喀斯特洞穴系统碳循环的烟囱效应研究现状及展望 ^*[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(12): 1333-1340.
[6]	彭小清，张廷军，潘小多,王庆峰,钟歆钥，王康，牟翠翠. 祁连山区黑河流域季节冻土时空变化研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(4): 497-508.
[7]	冯起,苏永红,司建华,常宗强,席海洋,郭瑞,陈丽娟,霍红,秦燕燕. 黑河流域生态水文样带调查[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(2): 187-196.
[8]	朱明佳, 赵谦益, 刘绍民, 徐同仁. 农田下垫面观测通量的变化特征及其气候学足迹分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(12): 1313-1325.
[9]	焦其顺,朱忠礼,刘绍民,晋锐,杜帆. 宇宙射线快中子法在农田土壤水分测量中的研究与应用[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(10): 1136-1143.
[10]	颉耀文，王学强，汪桂生，余林. 基于网格化模型的黑河流域中游历史时期耕地分布模拟[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(1): 71-78.
[11]	晋锐，李新，阎保平，罗万明，李秀红，郭建文，马明国，亢健，张艳林. 黑河流域生态水文传感器网络设计[J]. 地球科学进展, 2012, 27(9): 993-1005.
[12]	李新，刘绍民，马明国，肖青，柳钦火，晋锐，车涛，王维真，祁元，李弘毅，朱高峰，郭建文，冉有华. 黑河流域生态—水文过程综合遥感观测联合试验总体设计[J]. 地球科学进展, 2012, 27(5): 481-498.
[13]	李新, 程国栋, 康尔泗, 徐中民, 南卓铜, 周剑, 韩旭军, 王书功. 数字黑河的思考与实践3：模型集成[J]. 地球科学进展, 2010, 25(8): 851-865.
[14]	李新, 程国栋, 马明国, 肖青, 晋锐, 冉有华, 赵文智, 冯起, 陈仁升, 胡泽勇, 盖迎春. 数字黑河的思考与实践4：流域观测系统[J]. 地球科学进展, 2010, 25(8): 866-876.
[15]	李新,程国栋,吴立宗. 数字黑河的思考与实践1：为流域科学服务的数字流域[J]. 地球科学进展, 2010, 25(3): 297-305.

阅读次数

全文

摘要