基于网格化模型的黑河流域中游历史时期耕地分布模拟

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2013.01.0071

黑河流域悠久的农业开发史和历史文献为研究历史时期耕地空间分布格局变化提供了有利条件。根据黑河流域历史时期土地开发利用的特点，深入分析了海拔、坡度、土壤、人口等自然及人文主导因子与耕地分布的关系，遴选出对耕地分布具有明显作用且易量化的影响因子，并以此为依据设计了一套历史耕地数据网格化模型，模拟了黑河流域历史时期耕地分布趋势。采用人均耕地面积与粮食单产2种途径，估算了明代以前黑河中游耕地面积总量。基于该模型并结合古遗址、遥感影像判别的结果，重建了黑河流域中游地区明代以前耕地的空间分布。

关键词: 耕地分布格局, 网格化模拟, 明代以前, 黑河流域

A long history of agricultural development and the relative abundance of historical documents in the Heihe River Basin provide favorable conditions for the reconstruction of cultivated land distribution pattern changes in historical periods. According to the characteristics of land development and utilization in the Heihe River Basin in the historical period, the relationship between dominant factors which includes natural elements such as altitude, slope, and cultural elements like population distribution and cultivated land distribution is analyzed deeply. Then the factors which have a significant impact on farmland distribution and can be relatively easy to quantify are selected. Based on these factors, a set of historical farmland data grid model is established and the historical cultivated land distribution trends in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin before the Ming Dynasty is simulated. Using the methods of per capita cropland area and grain yield, total cropland area in the Heihe River Basin before the Ming Dynasty is estimated. Based on the grid model and combined with correcting and positioning function of ancient ruins as well as image recognition, space distribution reconstruction of cultivated land in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin before the Ming Dynasty is completed.

Key words: Cultivated land distribution pattern, Grid simulation, Before the Ming Dynasty, Heihe River Basin.

中图分类号:

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摘要

Cultivated Land Distribution Simulation Based on Grid in Middle Reaches of Heihe River Basin in the Historical Periods