[1]Zhang Ziyin,Gong Daoyi,He Xuezhao,et al. Reconstruction of the Western Pacific Warm Pool SST since 1644 AD[J]. Science in China (Series D),2009,39(1):106-115.[张自银,龚道溢,何学兆,等. 1644年以来西太平洋暖池海温重建[J]. 中国科学:D辑,2009,39(1):106-115.]
[2]Tudhope S,Collins M. The past and future of El Nio[J]. Nature,2003,424: 261-262.
[3]Emanuel K. Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30-22 years[J]. Nature,2005,436: 686-688.
[4]Webster P J, Magana V O. Monsoons: Processes,predictability,and the prospects for prediction[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research,1998,103(C7): 14 451-14 510.
[5]Cane M A. A role for the Tropical Pacific[J]. Science,1998,282: 59-61.
[6]Pierrehumbert R T. Climate change and the tropical Pacific: The sleeping dragon wakes[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2000,97: 1 355-1 358.
[7]Visser K,Thunell R,Stott L. Magnitude and timing of temperature change in the Indo-Pacific warm pool during deglaciation[J]. Nature,2003,421:152-155.
[8]CLIMAP Project Members. The surface of the ice age Earth[J]. Science,1976,191: 1 131-1 137.
[9]Lea D W,Pak D K,Spero H J. Climate impact of late Quaternary equatorial Pacific Sea surface temperature variations[J]. Science,2000,289: 1 719-1 724.
[10]Rosenthal Y,Oppo D W,Linsley B K. The amplitude and phasing of climate change during the last deglaciation in the Sulu Sea,western equatorial Pacific[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2003,30(8):1-4.
[11]Beaufort L, de Garidel-Thoron T,Mix A C, et al. ENSO-like forcing on oceanic primary production during the Late Pleistocene[J]. Science,2001,293 (539): 2 440-2 444.
[12]Koutavas A,Lynch-Stieglitz,Marchitto T M, et al. El Nio-like pattern in Ice Age tropical Pacific Sea surface temperature[J]. Science,2002,297: 226-231.
[13]Lea D W. The Glacial Tropical Pacific-Not just a west side story[J]. Nature, 2002,297: 202-203.
[14]Stott L,Poulsen C,Lund S, et al. Super ENSO and global climate oscillations at millennial time scales[J]. Nature,2002,297: 2 226-2 230.
[15]Philander G S,Fedorov A V. Role of tropics in changing the response to Milankovich forcing some three million years ago[J]. Paleoceanography,2003,18(2): 1 045-1 056.
[16]Rodgers K B,Lohmann G,Lorenz S,et al. A tropical mechanism for Northern Hemisphere deglaciation[J]. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems,2003,4(5), doi:10.1029/2003GC000508.
[17]Locarnini R A,Mishonov A V,Antonov J I, et al. World ocean atlas 2005,vol. 1, temperature[C]∥Levitus S,ed. NOAA Atlas NESDIS. New York: Silver Spring Press,2006.
[18]Thunell R,Anderson D,Gellar D,et al. Sea surface temperature estimates for the tropical Western Pacific during the Last Glaciation and their implications for the Pacific warm pool[J]. Quaternary Research,1994,41: 255-264.
[19]Webster P J,Streten N A. Late Quaternary ice age climates of tropical Australasia:Interpretations and reconstructions[J]. Quaternary Research,1978,10(3): 279-309.
[20]Stuijts I,Newsome J C,Flenly J R. Evidence for Late Quaternary vegetational change in the Sumatran and Java highlands[J].Review of Paleobotany and Palynology,1988,55(1/3):207-216.
[21]Wang Xiaoyan,Li Baohua. Review of planktonic foraminiferal assemblages for sea surface temperature estimate[J]. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,2006,23(2): 182-190.[王晓燕,李保华. 浅谈浮游有孔虫群落海水古温度估算[J]. 微体古生物学报,2006,23(2):182-190.]
[22]Zhao Meixun,Li Dawei,Xing Lei. Using archaea biomarker index TEX86 as a paleo-sea surface temperature proxy[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,2009,29(3): 75-84.[赵美训,李大伟,邢磊. 古菌生物标志物古海水温度指标TEX86研究进展[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(3): 75-84.]
[23]Xu Jian,Li Jianru,Qiao Peijun. Progresses in study of foraminiferal Mg/Ca thermometer: Salinity effect and its correction[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2011,26(9):997-1 005.[徐建,李建如,乔培军. 有孔虫Mg/Ca温度计研究进展——盐度影响及校正[J]. 地球科学进展,2011,26(9): 997-1 005.]
[24]Stott L D,Cannariato K G,Thunell R C, et al. Decline of surface temperature and salinity in the western tropical Pacific Ocean in the Holocene epoch[J]. Nature,2004,431: 56-59.
[25]Xu J,Holbourn A,Kuhnt W G,et al. Changes in the thermocline structure of the Indonesian outflow during Terminations I and II[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2008,273(1/2): 152-162.
[26]De Garidel-Thoron T, Beaufort L, Linsley B K,et al. Millenial-scale dynamics of the East Asian winter monsoon during the last 200,000 years [J]. Paleoceanography,2001,16(5):491-503.
[27]Lu Bo. Past 250 ka Paleoceanography in Central West Pacific Warm Pool[D].Qingdao:Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2010.[路波. 25万年来西太平洋暖池核心区古海洋学研究[D]. 青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所, 2010.]
[28]De Garidel-Thoron T,Rosenthal Y,Bassinot F,et al. Stable sea surface temperatures in the western Pacific warm pool over the past 1.75 million years[J]. Nature,2005,433(7 023): 294-298.
[29]Tang Zheng. Reaserch of the Paleoceanography of the Western Pacific Warm Pool during the Mid Pleistocene[D]. Qingdao: Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2010.[唐正. 西太平洋暖池区中更新世以来古海洋学研究[D]. 青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所, 2010.]
[30]Barrows T,Juggins S. Sea-surface temperatures around the Australian margin and Indian ocean during the last glacial maximum[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2005,24(7/9): 1 017-1 047.
[31]Cole J E,Dunbar R B,McClanahan T R,et al. Tropical Pacific forcing of decadal SST variability in the Western Indian Ocean over the past two centuries[J]. Science,2000,287: 617-619.
[32]Webster P J. The role of hydrological processes in ocean-atmosphere interaction[J]. Reviews of Geophysics,1994,32: 427-476.
[33]Wang Pinxian,Jian Zhimin,Liu Zhifei. Interactions between the Earth spheres: Deep-sea processes and records(Ⅱ)tropical forcing of climate changes and carbon cycling[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2006,21(4): 338-345.[汪品先,翦知湣,刘志飞. 地球圈层相互作用中的深海过程和深海记录(II):气候变化的热带驱动与碳循环[J]. 地球科学进展,2006,21(4): 338-345.]
[34]Stott L,Timmermann A,Thunell R. Southern hemisphere and Deep-sea warming led Ddeglacial atmospheric CO2 rise and tropical warming[J]. Science,2007,318(5 849): 435-438.
[35]Kienast M,Steinke S,Stattegger K,et al. Synchronous tropical South China Sea SST change and Greenland warming during deglaciation[J]. Science,2001,291: 2 132-2 134.
[36]Jian X,Wolfgang K,Holbourn A,et al. Changes in the vertical profile of the Indonesian Throughflow during Termination II: Evidence from the Timor Sea[J]. Paleoceanography,2006,21:PA4202,doi:10.1029/2006PA001278.
[37]Pahnke K, Zahn R, Elderfield H, et al. 340,000-year centennial-scale marine record of southern hemisphere climatic oscillation[J]. Science,2005,307: 1 741-1 746.
[38]Reetta S,Stott L,Thunell R. A bi-polar signal recorded in the western tropical Pacific: Northern and Southern Hemisphere climate records from the Pacific warm pool during the last Ice Age[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2009,28: 2 374-2 385.
[39]Dunbar R B. Leads,lags and the tropics[J]. Nature,2003,421:121-122.
[40]Liu Z,Yang H. Extratropical control of tropical climate,the atmospheric bridge and oceanic tunne[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2003,30(5): 1 230,doi:10.1029/2002GL016492.3.
[41]Liu Z,Kutzbach J,Wu L. Modeling climate shift of El Nio variability in the Holocene[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2000,27(15):2 265-2 268.
[42]Dansgaard W,Johnsen S J,Clausen H B,et al. Evidence for general instability of past climate from a 250 kyr ice-core record[J]. Nature,1993,364: 218-220.
[43]Grootes P M,Stuiver M,White J W,et al. Comparison of oxygen isotope records from the GISP2 and GRIP Greenland ice cores[J]. Nature,1993,366: 552-554.
[44]Petit J R,Jouzel J,Raynaud D,et al. Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core[J]. Nature,1999,399: 429-436.
[45]Broecker W S,Peng T H. Tracers in the Sea[M]. New York: Eldigio Press,1982.
[46]Arrhenius G. Sediment cores from the East Pacific[C]∥Gteborg, et al,eds. Swedish Deep-Sea Expedition 1947-1948. Sweden: Elanders Press,1952.
[47]Herguera J C,Berger W A. Paleopro-ductivity from benthic foraminifera abundance: Glacial to postglacial change in the west-equatorial Pacific[J]. Geology,1991,19:1 173-1 176.
[48]Paytan A,Kastner M,Chavez F. Glacial to interglacial fluctuations in productivity in the Equatorial Pacific as indicated by marine barite[J]. Science,1996,274: 1 355-1 357.
[49]Schwarz B,Mangini A,Segl M. Geochemistry of a piston core from Ontong Java Plateau (western equatorial Pacific): Evidence for sediment redistribution and changes in paleoproductivity[J]. Geologische Rundschau,1996,85: 536-545.
[50]Sarnthein M,Winn K,Duplessy,et al. Glacial variations of surface ocean productivity in low and mid latitudes: Influence on CO2 reservoirs of the deep ocean and atmosphere during the last 21,000 years[J]. Palaeoceanography,1988,3: 361-399.
[51]Fedorow A V,Philander S G. Is El Nio changing? [J].Science,2000,288(16): 1 997-2 002.
[52]Mix A C,Morey A E,Pisias N G. Foraminiferal faunal estimates of paleotemperature: Circumventing the no-analog problem yields cool ice age tropics[J]. Palaeoceanography,1999,14(3): 350-359.
[53]Pisias N G,Mix A C. Spatial and temporal oceanographic variability of the eastern equatorial Pacific during the late Pleistocene: Evidence from Radiolaria microfossils[J]. Palaeoceanography,1997,12(3): 381-393.
[54]Beaufort L,Lancelot Y,Camberlin P. Insulation cycles as a major control of equatorial Indian Ocean primary production[J]. Science,1997,278: 1 451-1 454.
[55]Perks H M,Charles C D,Keeling R F. Precessionally forced productivity variations across the equatorial Pacific[J]. Palaegeography,2002,17(3): 1-7.
[56]Clement A C, Seager R,Cane M A. Orbital controls on the El Nio/Southern Oscillation and the tropical climate[J]. Paleoceanography,1999,14(4):441-456.
[57]Turk D,McPhaden M J,Busalacchi A J,et al. Remotely-sensed biological production in tropical Pacific during 1992-1999 El Nio and La Nia[J]. Science, 2001,293:471-474.
[58]Kawahata H,Ohshima H. Vegetation and envirmental record in the northern East China Sea during the Late Pleistocene[J]. Global and Planetary Change,2004,41: 251-273.
[59]Voelker A. Global distribution of centennial-scale records for Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3: A database[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2002,21:1 185-1 212.
[60]Fritz S C,Baker P A,Ekdahl E,et al. Millennial-scale climate variability during the Last Glacial period in the tropical Andes[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2010,29: 1 017-1 024.
[61]Thompson L G, Thompson E, Davis M E, et al. Late glacial stage and Holocene tropical ice core records from Huascaran, Peru[J]. Science,1995,269: 46-50.
[62]Sachs J P,Lehman S J. Subtropical north Atlantic temperatures 60 000 to 30 000 years ago[J]. Science,1999,286: 756-759.
[63]Peterson L C,Haug G H, Hughen K A, et al . Rapid changes in the hydrologic cycle of the tropical Atlantic during the last glacial[J]. Science, 2000, 290: 1 947-1 951.
[64]Wang L,Sarnthein M,Erlenkeuser H, et al. East Asian monsoon climate during the late Pleistocene: High-resolution sediment records from the south China Sea[J]. Marine Geology,1999,156(3/4): 245-284.
[65]Alley R B,Clark P U. The deglaciation of the northern hemisphere: A global perspective[J]. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,1999,27: 149-182.
[66]Clark P U,Pisias N G,Stocker T F,et al. The role of the thermohaline circulation in abrupt climate change[J]. Nature,2002,415:863-873.
[67]Clement A C,Cane M A,Seager R. An orbitally driven tropical source for abrupt climate change[J]. Journal of Climate,2001,14(11):2 369-2 375.
[68]Livezey R E,Masutani M,Leetmaa A,et al. Teleconnective response of the Pacific-North American region atmosphere to large central equatorial Pacific SST anomalies[J]. Journal of Climate,1997,10:1 787-1 820.
[69]Turney M,Kershaw A P,Clemens S C,et al. Millennial and orbital variations of El Nio/Southern Oscillation and high-latitude climate in the last glacial period[J]. Nature,2004,428: 306-310.
[70]Barlow M H, Lyon B. Drought in central and southwest Asia, La Nia, the warm pool and Indian Ocean precipitation[J]. Journal of Climate,2002,15:697-700.
[71]Chen A A,Taylo M A. Investigating the link between early season Caribbean rainfall and the El Nio year[J]. Journal of Climate,2002,22: 87-106.
[72]Hou A Y. The influence of tropical heating displacements on the extratropical climate[J]. Journal of Atmosphere Science,1993,50: 3 553-3 570.
[73]Tudhope A W,Cilcott C,McCulloch M T,et al. Variability in the El Nio-Southern Oscillation through a glacial-interglacial cycle[J]. Science,2001,291:1 511-1 517.
[74]Koutavas A, Lynch-Stieglitz J. Glacial-interglacial dynamics of the eastern equatorial Pacific cold tongue-Intertropical Convergence Zone system reconstructed from oxygen isotope records[J]. Paleoceanography,2003,18,doi: 10.1029/03PA01553.
[75]Gagan M K,Hendya E J,Haberleb S G. Post-glacial evolution of the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool and El Nio-Southern Oscillation[J]. Quaternary International,2004,118/119:127-143.
[76]Feldberg M J,Mix A C. SST estimates in the southeast Pacific based on planktonic foraminiferal species: Modern calibration and Last Glacial Maximum[J]. Marine Micropaleontology,2002,44(1/2):1-29.
[77]Patrick A,Thunell R C. Tropical Pacific Sea surface temperatures and upper water column thermal structure during the Last Glacial Maximum[J]. Paleoceanography,1997,12: 97PA01553.
[78]Dubois N,Kienast M,Normandeau C,et al. The east equatorial Pacific cold tongue during the last glacial maximum as seen from alkenone paleothermometry[J]. Paleoceanography,2009,24,doi: 10.1029/PA4207.
[79]Brijker J M,Jung S A,Ganssen G,et al. ENSO related decadal scale climate variability from the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2007,253:67-82.
[80]Partin J W,Cobb K M, Adkins J F,et al. Millennial-scale trends in west Pacific warm pool hydrology since the Last Glacial Maximum[J]. Nature,2007,449:452-456.
[81]Donnelly J P,Woodruff J D. Entense hurricane activity over the past 5,000 years controlled by El Nio and the West African monsoon[J]. Nature,2007,447:465-468.
[82]Timmermnn A,Oberhuber J,Bacher A,et al. Increased El Nio frequency in a climate model forced by future greenhouse warming[J]. Nature,1999,398:694-697.
[83]Schmittner A,Appenzeller C,Stocker T E. Enhanced Atlantic freshwater export during El Nio[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2000,27:1 163-1 166.
[84]Lunt D J,Ridgwell A,Valdes P J,et al. “Sunshade world”: A fully coupled GCM evaluation of the climate impacts of geoengineering[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2008,35, doi:10.1029/2008GL033674.
[85]Rodbell D T,Geoffrey O,Seltzer G O. An 15,000-year record of El Nio-Driven Alluviation in Southwestern Ecuador[J]. Science, 1999,283:516-520.
[86]Ashok K, Yamagata T. The El Nio with a difference[J]. Nature, 2009,461(4):481-483.
[87]Latif M,Keenlyside N S. El Nio/Southern Oscillation response to global warming[J]. PNAS,2009,106(49): 20 578-20 583.
[88]Jian Zhimin,Li Baohua,Wang Jiliang. Formation and evolution of the western pacific warm pool recorded by microfossils [J]. Quaternary Sciences,2003,23(2): 185-192.[翦知湣,李保华,王吉良. 从微体化石看西太平洋暖池的形成与演化[J]. 第四纪研究,2003,23(2): 185-192.]
[89]Sato K,Oda M,Chiyonobu S,et al. Establishment of the western Pacific warm pool during the Pliocene: Evidence from planktic foraminifera,oxygen isotopes,and Mg/Ca ratios [J]. Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2008,265: 140-147.
[90]Nathan S A, Leckie R M. Early history of the Western Pacific Warm Pool during the middle to Late Miocene (~13.2-5.8 Ma): Role of sea-level change and implications for equatorial circulation[J]. Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2009,274: 140-159.
[91]Li Q,Li B,Zhong G,et al. Late Miocene development of the western Pacific warm pool: Planktonic foraminifer and oxygen isotopic evidence[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2006,237: 465-482.
[92]Lau N C,Nath M J. A modeling study of the relative roles of tropical and extratropical SST anomalies in the variability of the global atmosphere-ocean system[J]. Journal of Climate,1994,7: 1 184-1 207.
[93]Graham N E,Barnett T P. Sea surface temperature,surface wind divergence,and convection over tropical oceans[J]. Science,1987,238:657-659.
[94]Yan Xiaohai,Ho Chungru,Zheng Quanan,et al. Temperature and size variabilities of the Western Pacific Warm Pool[J]. Science,1994,258:1 643-1 645.
[95]Ho Chungru,Yan Xiaohai,Zheng Quanan. Satellite observations of upper-layer variabilities in the Western Pacific Warm Pool[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,1995,76(5): 669-679.
[96]Zhang Qilong,Weng Xuechuan. Analysis of some oceanographic characteristics of the tropical Western Pacific Warm Pool[J]. Studia Marina Sinica,1997,38:31-38. [张启龙,翁学传.热带西太平洋暖池的某些海洋学特征分析[J].海洋科学集刊,1997,38:31-38.]
[97]Chen M,Li Q,Zheng F,et al. Variations of the Last Glacial Warm Pool: Sea surface temperature contrasts between the open western Pacific and South China Sea[J].Paleoceanography,2005,20,doi:10.1029/2004PA001057.
[98]Martinez J I,Deckker P D,Chivas A R. New estimates for salinity changes in the Western Pacific Warm Pool during the last Glacial Maximum: Oxygen-isotope evidence[J]. Marine Micropaleotonlogy,1997,32:311-340.
[99]Xu J,Kuhnt W,Holbourn A,et al. Indo-Pacific Warm Pool variability during the Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum[J]. Paleoceanography,2010,25:PA4230,doi:10.1029/2010PA001934.
[100]Abram N J,McGregor H V,Gagan M K, et al. Oscillations in the southern extent of the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool during the mid-Holocene[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2009,28: 2 794-2 803.
[101]Dekens P S,Lea D W,Pak D K,et al. Core top calibration of Mg/Ca in tropical foraminifera: Refining paleotemperature estimation[J]. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems,2002,4(3):1-29.
[102]Rosenthal Y,Lohmann G P. Accurate estimation of sea surface temperatures using dissolution-corrected calibrations for Mg/Ca paleothermometry[J]. Paleoceanography,2002,17(3): 1 044,doi:10.1029/2001PA000749.
[103]Lea D W,Mashiotta T A,Spero H J. Controls on magnesium and strontium uptake in planktonic foraminifera determined by live culturing[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1999,63(16): 2 369-2 379.
[104]Nürnberg D,Bijma J,Hemleben C. Assessing the reliability of magnesium in foraminiferal calcite as a proxy for water mass temperature[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1996,60(5): 2 483-2 484.
[105]Ferguson J E, Henderson G M,Kucera M,et al. Systematic change of foraminiferal Mg/Ca ratios across a strong salinity gradient[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2008,265: 153-166.
[106]Groeneveld J,Nürnberg D,Tiedemann R,et al. Foraminiferal Mg/Ca increase in the Caribbean during the Pliocene: Western Atlantic Warm Pool formation,salinity influence,or diagenetic overprint? [J]. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems,2008,9, doi:10.1029/2006GC001564.
[107]Kisakürek B, Eisenhauer A, Bhm F, et al. Controls on shell Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca in cultured planktonic foraminiferan,Globigerinoides ruber (white)[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2008,273, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.06.026.
[108]Mathien-Blard E,Bassinot F. Salinity bias on the foraminifera Mg/Ca thermometry: Correction procedure and implications for past ocean hydrographic reconstructions[J]. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems,2009,10: 17-28. |