基于土壤水模型及站点资料的土壤湿度同化方法

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2006.12.1350

地球科学进展 ›› 2006, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (12): 1350 -1362. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2006.12.1350

张生雷 ^1,2,谢正辉 ¹,田向军 ¹,师春香 ¹,陈锋 ¹

1．中国科学院大气物理研究所，北京 100029；2．中国科学院研究生院，北京 100049

收稿日期:2006-10-11 修回日期:2006-11-15 出版日期:2006-12-15
通讯作者: 谢正辉(1963-),男,湖南长沙人,博士,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事陆面过程模式的发展、陆气相互作用中地下水位的动态表示、气候与水文耦合模式研制等方面的研究. E-mail:zxie@lasg.iap.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“地表地下水文机制集成与区域气候模式的双向耦合”（编号：90411007）；国家重点基础研究专项经费项目“复杂流动问题的高性能算法研究”（编号：2005CB321703）；中国科学院创新团队国际合作伙伴计划项目“气候系统模式研发及应用研究”资助．

A Soil Moisture Assimilation Scheme With an Unsaturated Soil Water Flow Model and In-Site Observation

Zhang Shenglei ^1,2,Xie Zhenghui ¹,Tian Xiangjun ¹,Shi Chunxiang ¹,Chen Feng ¹

1．Institute of Atmospheric Physics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100029，China；2．Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Science，Beijing 100049，China

Received:2006-10-11 Revised:2006-11-15 Online:2006-12-15 Published:2006-12-15

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基于非饱和土壤水模型和扩展卡尔曼滤波(Extended Kalman Filter)同化算法并结合陆面过程模型VIC发展了一个土壤湿度同化方案，并进行了理想试验及同化站点资料的同化试验。理想试验结果表明：扩展卡尔曼滤波方法能完整反演土壤湿度廓线，对土壤湿度的估计有较大改善；观测深度、观测层数和观测资料引入频率对同化结果有一定影响；加大观测频率，可以进一步改善同化效果。利用气象强迫驱动陆面模型VIC算出地表入渗条件而进行的同化站点资料的试验所得土壤湿度分布与观测资料基本吻合，反映了站点土壤湿度的月、季变化，表明该方案是合理的。

关键词: 扩展卡尔曼滤波, 土壤湿度, 陆面数据同化

A soil moisture assimilation scheme based on the extended Kalman filter（EKF）and an unsaturated soil water flow model is developed and numerical experiments using synthetic data and numerical simulation with in-site observations are presented. The numerical experiments show that the assimilation scheme improve estimation of soil moisture, the frequency of observation, the depth and the layers at which observation is introduced have the influence on assimilation. The assimilation experiments with in-site observations and infiltration derived from meteorologic forcing condition and the land surface model VIC show the monthly and seasonal variation of soil moisture, which show that the assimilation scheme is reasonable.

Key words: Soil moisture, Extended Kalman Filter, Land data assimilation.

中图分类号:

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