中国东部土壤温度、湿度变化的长期趋势及其与气候背景的联系

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2009.02.0181

地球科学进展 ›› 2009, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 181 -191. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2009.02.0181

王晓婷 ^1,2,郭维栋 ^2*,钟中 ¹,崔晓燕 ³

1.解放军理工大学气象学院，江苏南京 211101; 2.中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚区域气候—环境重点实验室，北京 100029;
3.空军装备研究院航空气象防化研究所，北京 100085

收稿日期:2008-10-13 修回日期:2008-12-18 出版日期:2009-02-10
通讯作者: 郭维栋（1972-），男,青海格尔木人，副研究员，主要从事陆面过程与短期气候变化及预测研究. E-mail:guowd@tea.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“北方干旱化与人类适应”（编号：2006CB400500）；国家自然科学基金项目“基于半干旱区地表—大气相互作用强化观测试验的陆面模式参数优化和物理过程发展研究”（编号：40775050）；中国科学院知识创新工程项目“陆面模式参数敏感性研究”（编号：IAP07210）：“东亚区域海气系统位相关系的观测和模拟研究”（编号：40675065）共同资助.

Long Term Trends of Soil Moisture and Temperature Change in East China in Relationship with Climate Background

Wang Xiaoting ^1,2,Guo Weidong ²,Zhong Zhong ¹,Cui Xiaoyan ³

1.Institute of Meteorology, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;
3. Institute of Aviation Meteorology，Beijing 100085, China

Received:2008-10-13 Revised:2008-12-18 Online:2009-02-10 Published:2009-02-10

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利用1971—2000年中国722站逐月的土壤温度资料和1981—1998年178站逐旬的土壤湿度观测资料，分析了中国东部土壤温度、湿度变化的长期趋势及其与气温、降水变化的关系。结果表明：①我国东部土壤温度的变化在年际—年代际时间尺度上存在明显的区域性差异，其中东北地区表现为持续上升型，而西北东部—华北、江淮和西南—华南地区均为先降后升型;②1970—2000年代，土壤温度的变化在东北以及西北东部—华北地区有显著的上升趋势，而在江淮和西南—华南地区，总体而言变化趋势不显著。此外，1980—1990年代，各区域土壤湿度的变化趋势均不显著;③在年际—年代际尺度上，各区域土壤温度和气温的变化具有显著的正相关关系，而土壤湿度与土壤温度的变化普遍呈负相关关系，其中尤以西北东部—华北地区最为显著。而在较长的时间尺度上，土壤湿度与降水的变化仍然存在较好的正相关关系。

关键词: 土壤温度, 土壤湿度, 气温和降水, 长期趋势

Based on the data of monthly mean soil temperature from 722 stations over 1971-2000 and soil moisture observations from 178 agrometeorological stations during 1981-1998, the long term trends of soil temperature and soil moisture in East China and their relationship with the change of surface air temperature and precipitation are analyzed. The results indicate that: (1) There are obvious regional differences in the variation of soil temperature in East China The soil temperature change in Northeast China displays an increasing trend, while in the other parts of East China, such as North China, the Yangtse-Huaihe river Valley and Southwest-South China, the soil temperature change shows a trend of from dropping at first to rising afterwards. (2) From the 1970s to the 1990s, the soil temperature change in Northeast China and North China displays an increasing trend. However, the trend of soil temperature change in the Yangtse-Huaihe River Valley and Southwest-South China is not obvious in general. Generally, from 1981 to 1998, the trends of soil moisture are not obvious in each subregion. (3) From inter-annual to inter-decadal timescales, there is an evident positive correlation between the soil temperature and surface air temperature in all parts of East China. Meanwhile, soil moisture is positively correlated with precipitation, and negatively correlated with soil temperature. The negative correlation of soil temperature and soil moisture in North China is most notable.

Key words: Soil temperature, Soil moisture, Surface air temperature and precipitation, Long-term trend.

中图分类号:

S152
P426

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