内蒙古中西部地区土壤水分对沙尘暴的贡献

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2005.01.0024

地球科学进展 ›› 2005, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (1): 24 -028. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2005.01.0024

所属专题： “沙尘天气追因、影响及治理”虚拟专刊；

内蒙古中西部地区土壤水分对沙尘暴的贡献

李彰俊 ^1，2，李宁 ^3，4，顾卫 ^4，5,吴学宏 ^1,2

1. 南京信息工程大学，江苏南京210044；
2.内蒙古自治区气象台，内蒙古呼和浩特010051；
3.北京师范大学资源学院灾害与公共安全研究所，北京100875；
4. 北京师范大学资源学院资源技
术与工程研究所，北京100875；
5.北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室，北京100875

收稿日期:2003-11-14 修回日期:2004-05-01 出版日期:2005-01-25
通讯作者: 李宁（1958-），女，江苏镇江人，副教授，主要从事应用气候和自然灾害研究 E-mail:ningli@irs.bnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区科委科研项目“内蒙古中西部沙尘源地的下垫面特征研究”（编号：20020703）；北京师范大学青年科学基金项目“不同下垫面气候特征的观测研究”（编号：107190）资助

The Contribution of Soil Moisture to Dust Storm in Western and Central Inner Mongolia, China

LI Zhangjun ^1，2，LI Ning ^3，4，GU Wei ^4，5，WU Xuehong ^1,2

1. Nanjing Information Engineering University, Jiangsu Nanjing 210044, China;
2. Weather Station of Autonomous Region of Inner Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, Huhhot 010051, China;
3. Institute of Disaster and Public Security,College of Resources Sciences and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875,China; 
4.Resources Technology and Engineering, College of ResourcesSciences and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875,China;
5.Key Laboratory of Environmental Changes and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Received:2003-11-14 Revised:2004-05-01 Online:2005-01-25 Published:2005-01-25

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以2001年4月至2002年 6月内蒙中部地区逐时观测的土壤水分资料为基础，论证了该区日土壤水分和日平均风速的变化规律，统计分析了日平均风速与土壤水分对沙尘暴的成生综合贡献。得出的主要结论是：①该地区沙尘暴发生时日平均风速的最小值是 3．5 m／s。如果日平均风速大于 8．0 m／s，预示着有沙尘暴的发生。②在平均风速大于 3．5 m／s的条件下，观测样本中 18．4％日数发生沙尘暴，而81．6％日数没有发生。说明大风的天气条件不应当被视其为沙尘暴的唯一重要的因子。③在同一地点、同样的风力条件下，在沙尘暴发生时，日平均风速与日平均土壤水分呈明显的反相关变化；而它们的反相关关系不明显时，沙尘暴就很少发生。

关键词: 土壤水分, 沙尘暴, 贡献, 内蒙古

To recuperate the shortage of soil moisture, based on hourly soil moisture date observed from April 2001 to June 2003 in western and central Inner Mongolia of China, the change regulation of daily mean soil moisture and daily mean wind speed and their integrative contributions are analyzed in the paper. Then rationality of the statistic result is discussed, from which some interesting results can be drawn as follows: (1）The minimum value of daily mean wind speed for dust storm emission is 3.5m/s, and dust storm will occur when the wind speed over 8m/s in this area. (2）There are 18.4% of dust storms that occurred and 81.6% of non-dust storms that occurred in the total data collected when the wind speed was more than 3.5m/s. It indicated that dynamical factor with daily mean wind speed is not a most important one in the factors of dust storm emission. (3）If only soil moisture and wind speed are consider, when there is a inverse relation between daily mean soil moisture and daily mean wind speed, dust storm would occurred (r= 0.674). Otherwise, if their relation were not shown as this inverse, dust storm would not occur. The formation and development of dust storm is an integrative result of soil moisture and wind speed. Continuous data of soil moisture would be an avail index to study dust storm for showing the humid status of soil directly and for scaling the status of vegetation cover indirectly.

Key words: Soil moisture, Dust storm, Contribution, Inner Mongolia

中图分类号:

P461＋.4

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