[1]Sun Shufen. Physical, Biochemical Mechanism and Parameters of the Land Surface Process Model[M]. Beijing: Meteorological Press, 2005.[孙菽芬. 陆面过程的物理、生化机理和参数化模型[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 2005.]

[2]Seuffert G, Gross P, Simmer C, et al. The influence of hydrologic modeling on the predicted local weather: Two way coupling of a mesoscale weather prediction model and a land surface hydrologic model[J]. Journal of Hydrometeorology,2002, 3(5): 505-523.

[3]Tian Xiangjun, Xie Zhenghui. A land surface soil moisture data assimilation framework in consideration of the model subgrid-scale heterogeneity and soil water thawing and freezing[J]. Science in China(Series D), 2008, 38(6): 741-749.[田向军,谢正辉.考虑次网格变异和土壤冻融过程的土壤湿度同化方案[J].中国科学:D辑,2008,38(6):741-749.]

[4]Walker J P, Willgoose G R, Kalma J D. One-dimensional soil moisture profile retrieval by assimilation of near-surface observations: A comparison of retrieval algorithms[J]. Advances in Water Resources, 2001, 24(6): 631-650.

[5]Gou Haofeng, Liu Yanhua, Zhang Shuwen, et al. Assessing the performance of the ensemble Kalman filter for soil moisture profile retrieval[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2010, 25(4): 400-407.[苟浩锋，刘彦华，张述文，等.评估集合卡曼滤波反演土壤湿度廓线的性能[J]. 地球科学进展，2010, 25(4): 400-407.]

[6]Han Xujun, Li Xin. Review of the nonlinear filters in the land data assimilation[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2008, 23 (8) :813-820.[韩旭军, 李新. 非线性滤波方法与陆面数据同化[J]. 地球科学进展, 2008, 23(8): 813-820.]

[7]Yang Z L, Niu G Y, Mitchell K E, et al. The community Noah land surface model with multiparameterization options (Noah-MP): 2. Evaluation over global river basins[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2011, 116(D12): 110, doi:10.1029/2010JD015140.

[8]Zhang Shuwen, Li Deqin, Qiu Chongjian. A multimodel ensemble-based Kalman filter for the retrieval of soil moisture profiles[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2011, 28(1): 195-206.

[9]Hacker J P, Snyder C. Ensemble Kalman filter assimilation of fixed screen-height observations in a parameterized PBL[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2005, 133(11): 3 260-3 275.

[10]Margulis S A, Entekhabi D. Variational assimilation of radiometric surface temperature and reference-level micrometeorology into a model of the atmospheric boundary layer and land surface[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2003, 131(7): 1 272-1 288.

[11]Seuffert G H, Wilker J P, Viterbo J F, et al. Soil moisture analysis combining screen-level parameters and microwave brightness temperature: A test with field data[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2003, 30(10): 1 498-1 502. 

[12]Seuffert G H, Wilker J P, Viterbo J F, et al. The usage of screen-level parameters and microwave brightness temperature for soil moisture analysis[J]. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 2004, 5(3): 516-531. 

[13]Mahrt L, Pan H A. A two-layer model of soil hydrology[J]. Bound-Lay Meteorology, 1984, 29(1): 1-20.

[14]Ek M, Mitchell K, Yin L, et al. Implementation of Noah land-surface model advances in the NCEP operational mesoscale Eta model[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2003, 108(D22): 8 851, doi:10.1029/2002JD003296.

[15]Pagowski M J, Hacker J P, Bao J W. Behavior of WRF PBL Schemes and Land-surface Models in 1D Simulations during BAMEX[C].Joint WRF/MM5 Users’ Workshop. Boulder CO, 2005:27-30.

[16]Hacker J P, Rostkier-Edelstein D. PBL state estimation with surface observations, a column model, and an ensemble filter[J].Monthly Weather Review, 2007, 135(8): 2 958-2 972.

[17]Evensen G. Sequential data assimilation with a nonlinear QG model using Monte Carlo methods to forecast error statistics[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1994, 99(C5): 10 143-10 162.

[18]Burgers G, van Leeuwen P J, Evensen G. Analysis scheme in the ensemble Kalman filter[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 1998, 126(6): 1 719-1 724.

[19]Whitaker J S, Hamill T M. Ensemble data assimilation without perturbed observations[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2002, 130(7): 1 913-1 924.

[20]Bishop C H, Etherton B, Majumdar S J. Adaptive sampling with the ensemble transform Kalman filter. Part I: Theoretical aspects[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2001, 129(3): 420-436.

[21]Anderson J L. An ensemble adjustment filter for data assimilation[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2001, 129(12): 2 884-2 903.