<font face="Verdana">干旱区内陆河流域的生态安全与生态需水量研究——兼谈塔里木河生态需水量问题</font>

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2008.07.0732

地球科学进展 ›› 2008, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (7): 732 -738. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2008.07.0732

全球变化与人文因素的流域生态水文效应上一篇下一篇

干旱区内陆河流域的生态安全与生态需水量研究——兼谈塔里木河生态需水量问题

陈亚宁 ^1,2，郝兴明 ^1,2，李卫红 ^1,2，陈亚鹏 ^1,2，叶朝霞 ^1,2，赵锐锋 ^1,2

1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所绿洲生态与荒漠环境重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐，830011；2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，新疆乌鲁木齐，830011

收稿日期:2008-05-05 修回日期:2008-06-11 出版日期:2008-07-10
通讯作者: 陈亚宁 E-mail:chenyn@ms.xjb.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“塔里木河下游生态安全与生态需水量研究”（编号：90502004）和“干旱区内陆河流域水文过程对全球气候变化的响应”（编号：40671014）；中国科学院西部行动计划项目“塔里木河流域水资源利用与综合管理试验示范研究”（编号:KZCX2-XB2-03）；中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目“新疆水资源的形成、转化与调控研究”（编号:KZCX2-YW-127）资助.

An Analysis of the Ecological Security and Ecological Water Requirements in the Inland River of Arid Region

Chen Yaning ^1,2，Hao Xingming ^1,2，Li Weihong ^1,2，Chen Yapeng ^1,2，Ye Zhaoxia ^1,2，Zhao Ruifeng ^1,2

1.The Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert Environments, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;2.Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China

Received:2008-05-05 Revised:2008-06-11 Online:2008-07-10 Published:2008-07-10

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结合对干旱区生态安全和生态需水量关键科学问题的探讨，提出干旱内陆河流域生态脆弱区的生态安全分析是以水过程研究为核心的，水文过程控制着生态过程，对流域生态系统的稳定性有着直接影响，而水资源开发利用和水循环对生态系统功能有重要影响，天然植物恢复和生长的合理地下水位的研究是确立生态需水量的基础。并实证分析和计算了维系塔里木河生态安全的生态需水量，塔里木河干流现状生态需水量为31.74×10⁸m³，其中，上、中、下游分别为9.95×10⁸m³、18.47×10⁸m³和3.32×10⁸m³。

关键词: 生态安全, 生态需水量, 生态水文过程, 塔里木河

Combined with the discussion of key scientific problems concerning ecological security and water requirement in arid region, the paper puts forward a fact that Arid inland river basin, hydrologically, represents a relative closed catchments and a self-existent hydro-ecosystem, in which the water and eco-environment are interrelated and controlled, and formed the main body of river ecosystem. The ecological security analysis on fragile ecosystems in arid inland river basin are centering on water processes. Water processes control the ecological processes and affect the stability of ecosystems directly. Water resources development and utilization and water cycle have an important impact on the function of ecosystems. The study of reasonable groundwater table for the restoration and growth of natural vegetation is the basis for the establishment of ecological water requirement, and the study of water requirement has a very important significant in both ecological security and water use in arid land. By demonstration analysis, the present ecological water requirement maintaining the ecological security in the Tarim River was estimated at 31.74×10⁸m³, of which 9.95×10⁸m³, 18.47×10⁸m³ and 3.32×10⁸m³ for the upper, middle and lower reaches, respectively.

Key words: Ecological security, Ecological water requirement, Eco-hydrological process, Tarim River.

中图分类号:

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