地球科学进展 ›› 2005, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 158 -165. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2005.02.0158

研究论文 上一篇    下一篇

新疆塔里木河下游物种多样性变化与地下水位的关系
陈亚宁,张宏锋,李卫红,陈亚鹏   
  1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2004-05-18 修回日期:2004-10-20 出版日期:2005-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈亚宁 E-mail:chenyn@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目“塔里木河下游浅层地下水变化的生态效应及生态系统健康评价”(编号:90102007)资助.

STUDY ON SPECIES DIVERSITY AND THE CHANGE OF GROUNDWATER LAVEL IN THE LOWES REACHES OF TARIM RIVER, XINJIANG, CHINA

CHEN Yaning; ZHANG Hongfeng; LI Weihong; CHEN Yapeng   

  1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
  • Received:2004-05-18 Revised:2004-10-20 Online:2005-02-25 Published:2005-02-25

根据塔里木河下游9个断面40眼地下水位观测井和8个植物样地野外采集的数据,运用物种多样性指数对塔里木河下游物种多样性与地下水位变化进行了分析计算。研究表明,塔里木河下游物种多样性与地下水位变化有着密切的关系,地下水位对物种多样性的变化起着主导作用。塔里木河下游浅层地下水位埋深较大,并且表现为由上游段至下游段逐渐加深这样一个明显的递减变化。塔里木河下游物种多样性指数较低,Shannon-Weiner指数和Simpon指数分别变化在1.93~0.53之间和0.82~0.35之间;随着由上游段至下游段地下水位埋深的加大,塔里木河下游植物种类减少、群落结构简单、物种多样性指数和丰富度指数呈明显降低的态势。反映了干旱区水分胁迫对生态系统的强烈影响。

In this paper, the species diversity and the change of groundwater level in the lower reaches of Tarim River are analyzed and calculated based on the field-collected data from 40 observation wells of groundwater level along 9 sections and 8 plant plots in the lower reaches of Tarim river. The study shows that the species diversity is closely related to the change of groundwater level in the lower reaches of Tarim river, and the groundwater level plays a dominant role in the species diversity. In the lower reaches of Tarim River, the shallow groundwater level is deep, and it becomes deeper gradually from the upper reaches to the lower reaches, i.e.there is an obvious increase in the depth of groundwater. The index of species diversity is small in the lower reaches of Tarim River, and the Shannon-Weiner index and Simpon index vary in ranges of 1.93~0.53 and 0.82~0.35 respectively. Along with the increase of groundwater depth from the upper reaches to the lower reaches of Tarim River, the plant species become less, the structure of plant communities becomes simpler, and the diversity index and abundance index of the species are in an obvious decrease status. All these reflect the serious impacts of moisture stress on the ecosystems in this arid area.

中图分类号: 

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